1、2022届高三上学期学业水平质量检测英语试题本试卷共10页，总分120分，考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1答题前，考生先将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座号、考号填涂在相应位置。2选择题答案必须使用2B铅笔（按填涂样例）正确填涂；非选择题答案必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，绘图时，可用2B铅笔作答，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。保持卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A
2、The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has bee done hundreds of tim
3、es throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Count
4、ries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.Here are capital relocations that have occurred in app
5、roximately the last few centuries.AsiaJapanfrom Kyoto to Tokyo-1868Turkeyfrom Istanbul to Ankara-1923Israelfrom Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem-1950EuropePolandfrom Krakow to Warsaw-1596Finlandfrom Turku to Helsinki-1812Italyfrom Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome-1871The AmericasThe USfrom New York t
6、o Washington-1800Jamaicafrom Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston-1872OceaniaNew Zealandfrom Auckland to Wellington-18651 Why did some countries decide to move the capital?A. To further expand their land.B. To uncover ancient treasure.C. To develop undeveloped areas.D. To declare war on another co
7、untry.2. Which country was the earliest to move its capital?A. Turkey.B. Poland.C. The United Sate.D. New Zealand.3. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?A. They moved the capitals more than once.B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.C. They moved their capitals in the same year.D. Their c
8、apitals moved because of the economy.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了历史上一些经常迁都的国家以及其背后的原因。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development.( 一些新的首都被规划和建设在以前未开发的地区，以促进发展。)”可知，一些国家决定迁都以开发欠发达地区。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Poland from Krak
9、ow to Warsaw-1596”可知，波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙；再对比表格中其它国家迁都的时间可知，波兰迁都的时间最早。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Italy from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome-1871”可知，意大利曾经将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最后再迁到罗马；再结合表格中“Jamaica from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston-1872”可知，牙买加曾将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最后再迁到金斯敦。由此可知，意大利和牙买加的共同之处在于这两个国家
10、都不止一次迁都。故选A。BIts no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The lon
11、ger each semester went on, the harder the choices became.When spring semester ended that first year at college I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at t
12、he airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any m
13、issing items. This could be disgusting work.Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not ft easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didnt have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday.
14、At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.Ultimately, I chose to temporari
15、ly stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. Id finally learned what my grandmother meant when sh
16、e once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?A. He met with a long boring semester.B. Food accounted for his biggest expense.C. He left himself financially embarrassed.D. His financial aid could cover his necessities.5.
17、What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Cleaned.B. Listed.C. Repaired.D. Replaced.6. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?A. Confused.B. Critical.C. Decisive.D. Diligent.7. What is conveyed in the text?A. He who makes no mistakes makes
18、 nothing.B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.C. One should be financially supported by himself.D. The significance of schooling should be recognized.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在经济上陷入困境，为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定后悔。【4
19、题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Its no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The
20、longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.(大学学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难)”可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the air
21、port was a graveyard shift, where I”可知，作者很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。故画线词意思是“清理”。A. Cleaned.清理；B. Listed.列出；C. Repaired.修理；D. Replaced.替换。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not ft easily together. Some days I was too exh
22、austed after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didnt have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wa
23、nted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.(另一个让我很难过的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学，取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己)”可推知，作者很困惑。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had put a lo
24、t into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. Id finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever. (我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的)”可推知
25、，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认。故选D。CAfter a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kongs museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New Yorks MoMA or the Centre Po
26、mpidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.M+ wouldnt have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelms 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, look
27、ed back at Siggs life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”Chinese
28、Lines follows Siggs life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.M
29、oving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Siggs efforts. He created the Chinese Contemporary Ant Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. AI the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more
30、and more global reputations.Following Siggs announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with con
31、temporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.8. Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?A. To enrich our knowledge.B. To memorize art celebrities.C. To deepen M+ museums popularity.D. To indicate M+ museums significance.9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably
32、agree with?A. A contemporary artist.B. A researcher of Chinese art.C. A collector of contemporary art.D. An ambassador with artistic taste.10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.C. Sigg made great
33、efforts to promote Chinese art.D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.11. What is Uli Sigg like?A. He is strict and ambitious.B. He is caring and creative.C. He is devoted and generous.D. He is hopeful and humorous.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章瑞士商人和艺术收藏家乌利西格（Uli Sigg）对香港博物馆
34、乃至对中国现代艺术的贡献。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New Yorks MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.”（前执行董事Lars Nittve认为，就深度和文化重要性而言，M+与纽约的MoMA或巴黎的蓬皮杜中心一样重要。）可知，作者在第一段中提到“MoMA”是为了表明M+博物馆的重要性。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段
35、“ In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”（在影片的采访中，碰巧购买了他的一些研究成果的Sigg更愿意把自己视为“一名中国和中国当代艺术的研究者。”）说明Uli Sigg很可能会同意他自己是一位中国艺术研究者的观点。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Moving into
36、 the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Siggs efforts. ”（进入21世纪，由于Sigg的努力，中国艺术引起了国际关注。）以及后文，可知Sigg为促进中国艺术做出了巨大的努力。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Following Siggs announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese
37、 lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. ”（在Sigg宣布将把相当大一部分藏品捐赠给即将开放的M+博物馆后，中国人的生活以一个充满希望的音符结束，因为中国艺术界仍在不断增长。）以及之前Sigg一直致力于宣传中国艺术，说明Sigg是一个专一和慷慨大方的人。故选C项。DFor humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designe
38、d houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In som
39、e species of Australian parrot, for instance beak(喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.All that fits nicely with evolutionary(进化的) theory. “Allens rule”, named after Joe Allen, who sugges
40、ted it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animals surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara de
41、sert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Rydings team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary
42、adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now
43、, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise slay for essentially forever.12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?A. They are
44、following the new trends.B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.C. Scientists need them to do experiments.D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?A. In mild areas.B. In hot places.C. In the Arctic.D. In deserted regions.14. What do we kn
45、ow about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?A. It comes at a cost.B. Its cause is definite.C. It happens in the same habitat.D. Its process will end soon.15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?A. Living on a Warming PlanetB. Measures to Remove HeatC. Pioneering Research on Anim
46、alsD. Evolution to Survive Heat【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)可知，有些物种长得更大是因为它们必须适应更温暖的气候。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Alle
47、ns rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. ”(以乔艾伦在1877年提出的“艾伦法则”命名的“艾伦法则”认为，生活在炎热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温和地区的温血动物有更大的附肢。)可知，温血动物在炎热的地方可能有更大的身体部位。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Since any evolu
48、tionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.”(由于任何进化适应都会带来权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远。例如，较大的喙可能会妨碍进食。更大的翅膀更重，更大的腿需要更多的能量才能成长。)可知，动物的变化是有代价的。故选A项
49、。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)以及全文大意，本文主要讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。Evolution to Survive Heat（在高温下生存的进化）符合题意。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Accordin
50、g to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promote mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found tha
51、t children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. _16_ But if you still dont know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.Reduce stress_17_ There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continu
52、ous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps you relieve you stress.Ensure a healthy relationshipMy friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me
53、 a super funny meme (表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer. _18_Boost your confidence Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? _19_ Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meetin
54、g, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. _20_ I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.A. Laughter is a powerf
55、ul stress killer.B. If you ask me, I have experienced this.C. I had anger issues when I was in school.D. This simple laughter had a significant effect on me.E. It also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship.F. Laughter can help you think clearly and more effectively.G. No wonder why we adul
56、ts suffer mental problems like anxiety.【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大笑对我们的身心有好处，并列举了三个具体的益处。【16题详解】上文“Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. (笑在线大学发现，儿童平均大笑300到400次，而成年人一天只大笑17.5次)”
57、说明儿童每天大笑的次数比成年人多，以及下文“But if you still dont know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you. (但是如果你仍然不知道为什么你应该笑，下面是一些大笑的好处)”说明大笑是有好处的，空处应说明成年人笑的少，会有坏处，G项“难怪我们成年人会遭受焦虑等心理问题”符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Reduce stress(减少压力)”说明大笑的好处之一是可以减少压力，A项中a powerful stress killer是关键词，A项“笑是一种强大的压力杀手”符合题
58、意。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Just laughing together made us come closer. (一起笑让我们的关系更紧密)”说明大笑会有助于保持紧密的关系，E项中friendship是关键词，大笑可以帮助珍惜友谊，E项“它也帮助我们忘记问题，珍惜友谊”符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】上文“Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? (你有没有经历过在一个可怕的处境中大笑，你会感觉到更多的勇气和信心？
59、)”说明作者在问别人是否经历过这样的情况，下文应说明介绍作者的个人经历，B项“如果你问我，我曾经经历过”符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】上文“But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. (但我努力和一个朋友聊天，大笑几秒钟，只是为了展示自己很酷)”说明大笑对作者产生了好的影响，D项“这种简单的笑声对我产生了很大的影响”符合题意。故选D。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所
60、给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we _21_. He came across the street to _22_ us. Having lived there since 1967, he was warm and kind, full of _23_. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping an
61、d _24_ the occupations of everyone around us. Andy would proudly and regularly _25_ his veteran(老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work. _26_ anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would _27_ our vegetable gardens when we
62、 went on vacation; we gave him some of our _28_ in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortcut. As more time went by, we didnt see him out _29_ his small dog as often due to his _30_ problem, and wed help with clearing the _31_ in the winter. Those
63、 ties continued with time passing by.But the real _32_ of our neighborhoods is their peoplean Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighborhoods are built on them, and _33_ by their emotional ties. We are better for their _34_, and worse for their absence.Andy died this month. I will miss him, m
64、ore than he _35_.21. A. metB. recalledC. thankedD. admired22. A. treatB. greetC. criticizeD. comfort23. A. happinessB. energyC. knowledgeD. information24. A. stillB. evenC. everD. never25. A. wearB. exhibitC. waveD. hold26. A. Different thanB. More thanC. Because ofD. Instead of27. A. do damage toB.
65、 stare atC. sit aroundD. keep an eye on28. A. produceB. craftsC. cakesD. money29. A. sellingB. feedingC. walkingD. chasing30. A. healthB. financialC. politicalD. marriage31. A. rubbishB. smogC. snowD. dirt32. A. welfareB. influenceC. tieD. faith33. A. preventedB. separatedC. widenedD. strengthened34
66、. A. interruptionB. performanceC. situationD. presence35. A. evaluatesB. knowsC. forgetsD. regrets【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在搬到一个新社区后，安迪对作者的热情帮助，作者了解到社区的真正纽带是社区的人，社区因成员之间的情感纽带而加强。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在1990年搬到一
67、个新社区，安迪几乎是我们遇到的第一个人。A. met碰见；B. recalled回忆；C. thanked感谢；D. admired钦佩。根据上句“We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990（我们在1990年搬进了一个新社区）”以及后句“He came across the street to _2_ us（他穿过马路向我们打招呼）”可知安迪使我们遇到的第一个人。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他穿过马路向我们打招呼。A. treat对待；B. greet问候；C. criticize批评；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“he was w
68、arm and kind”可知，安迪是一个热情的人，因此推知他会向我们打招呼。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自1967年以来一直住在那里，他热情善良，充满活力。A. happiness快乐；B. energy精力，活力；C. knowledge知识；D. information信息。根据上句 “he was warm and kind（他热情善良）”可知他是充满活力的。故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他会给我们介绍去哪家面包店买蛋糕，去哪家商店购物，甚至介绍我们周围每个人的职业。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. ever曾经；D. never从未。根
69、据上句“_3_. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping”可知，他甚至介绍我们周围每个人的职业。此处用even表示语气加强。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪会经常自豪地戴上他的老兵帽，在院子里干活时放音乐。A. wear穿、戴；B. exhibit展览；C. wave挥舞；D. hold握住。根据后句“his veteran(老兵) cap（他的老兵帽）”可知安迪会经常自豪地戴上他的老兵帽。故选A。【26题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：不过，最重要是，他喜欢谈论我们
70、的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。A. Different than不同于；B. More than多于；C. Because of因为；D. Instead of代替。根据后句“he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his.（他喜欢谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。）”可知重要的是他喜欢谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园。A. do damage to对有害；B. stare at凝视；C. sit around闲坐着；D
71、. keep an eye on照看。根据上句“We watched out for each other.（我们互相照顾）”可知我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们给了他一些我们的产品作为回报。A. produce产品；B. crafts工艺；C. cakes蛋糕；D. money金钱。根据上句“He would _7_ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation（我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园）”可知我们给了他一些我们菜园的农产品作为回报。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时
72、间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了。A. selling卖；B. feeding饲养；C. walking步行，牵着走；D. chasing追赶。walk the dog遛狗，结合句意。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. health健康；B. financial金融的；C. political政治的；D. marriage婚姻。根据上句“As more time went by, we didnt see him out _9_ his small dog as often（随着时间的推移，我们不再经常看到他）”和下文“Andy die
73、d this month.”可知由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在冬天，我们帮助清理积雪。A. rubbish垃圾；B. smog雾霾；C. snow雪；D. dirt泥土。根据后句“in the winter（在冬天）”可知在冬天，我们帮助安迪清理积雪。故选C。32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们社区的真正纽带是社区的人，安迪，或者，在某些情况下，很多安迪。A. welfare福利；B. influence影响；C. tie纽带；D. faith信任。根据上句“Those ties continued with time p
74、assing by.（随着时间的推移，这种联系仍在继续）”可知，此处指社区的纽带。“tie”是原词重现。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强。A. prevented阻止；B. separated分开；C. widened拓展；D. strengthened加强。根据后句“by their emotional ties.（并因他们的情感纽带）”可知我们的社区因他们的情感纽带而加强。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在场对我们更有利，他们不在对我们更不利。A. interruption中断；B. performan
75、ce表演；C. situation情况；D. presence出席，在场。根据后句“and worse for their absence（他们不在对我们更不利）”可知他们在场对我们更有利。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪这个月去世了。我会想念他，比他想象的还要想念他。A. evaluates评估；B. knows知道；C. forgets忘记；D. regrets后悔。根据上文我们和安迪之间是情感和上句“Our neighborhoods are built on them, and _13_ by their emotional ties.（ 我们的社区建立在他们的基础上
76、，并因他们的情感纽带而加强）”可知我会想念安迪，比他想象的还要想念他。故选B。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The combination of music and study has long been _36_ source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that _37_(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngs
77、ters insist that _38_(they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.Now a study shows that the _39_(grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays _40_ and without music in the background .They _41_(find)that the sounds slowed progress down by about s
78、ixty words per hour. “This demonstrates _42_(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion _43_ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in he
79、r report. “Ones ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely _44_ (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You _45_ (recall) infor
80、mation and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.”【答案】36. a 37. silence 38. their 39. grown-ups 40. with 41. found 42. clearly 43. that 44. to be disturbed 45. are recalling【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习时听音乐或做其它事情是否会影
81、响学习效果或降低学习效率。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句意表达，此处A source of是.一个根源，符合题意。故填a。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。分析句子结构，此句为that引导的宾语从句，此处silent的适当形式在从句作主语，具有名词性，用silence（沉默），符合题意。故填silence。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时
82、保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处修饰后面名词sounds，作前置定语，their他们的，符合题意。故填their。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，grown-ups成年人，符合题意。故填grown-ups。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词without构成并列关系，表达“有和没有”，用介词with。故填with。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们发现这些声音
83、使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slowed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，found发现。故填found。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：莎拉博士说：“这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。”。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，clearly清晰地，符合题意。故填clearly。【43题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the conclusion的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意
84、：她补充道：“一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。”。be likely to do 可能做某事，后接不定式to。由by both songs and instrumental music可知此处构成被动语态，表达“被干扰”， to be disturbed符合题意。 故填to be disturbed。【45题详解】考查动词。句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。根据语境，结合后面putting，此处作谓语动词，时态为现在进行时，表达“正在回忆”，are recalling符合题意。故填are recalling。第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节书面表达（满分15
85、分）46. 你校英文报Englishsky正在举办中国航空航天成就英文征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.介绍成就；2.分享感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Aerospace Achievements of China_【答案】Aerospace Achievements of ChinaIn the last decade, China has made great achievements in space programs. What impressed me most was the real-time interactive sc
86、ientific lectures conducted on Shenzhou 13 spacecraft last year, which were brought live to thousands of teachers and students on the ground.The event has spurred great interest in space science among middle school students nationwide. Flying is the dream of everyone. I believe, with innovative idea
87、s and perseverance, we human beings will be able to fly further and further not only from the Earth to the Moon, but to the Mars and beyond.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生关于中国航空航天成就写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累激发：spurarouse全国：nationwidecountrywide创新的：innovativecreative毅力：perseverancewillpower2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：I b
88、elieve, with innovative ideas and perseverance, we human beings will be able to fly further and further not only from the Earth to the Moon, but to the Mars and beyond.拓展句：I believe, because we have innovative ideas and perseverance, we human beings will be able to fly further and further not only f
89、rom the Earth to the Moon, but to the Mars and beyond.【点睛】【高分句型1】What impressed me most was the real-time interactive scientific lectures conducted on Shenzhou 13 spacecraft last year, which were brought live to thousands of teachers and students on the ground.（运用了what引导主语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】I
90、 believe, with innovative ideas and perseverance, we human beings will be able to fly further and further not only from the Earth to the Moon, but to the Mars and beyond.（运用了省略that引导宾语从句）第二节 读后续写（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A New Addition to the FamilyFor the initial ten years of
91、his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish
92、it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage. However, all that was to change overnight when Victors parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from
93、the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to b
94、e carried. There was little time left for Victor. Now that Victors mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Linas arrival, he had nev
95、er lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his
96、 parents attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victors parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victors behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.注意：1.续写词
97、数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。Upon hearing the teachers feedback, Victors parents got lost in thought._Victor realized that his parents still cared for him._【答案】 Upon hearing the teachers feedback, Victors parents got lost in thought. Since their second child Linda was born, they have devoted all thei
98、r attention to her. To some degree, they neglected victors feelings. After all, he wanted to share the love from parents with Linda. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally. Gradually, something changed in the family. After school Victor often found some delicious foo
99、d and new toys on his desk. When he did his homework, his father came to his room and sat beside him, reading a book quietly, which made him comfortable and warm. At that time, his mother was taking care of his sister Linda. After he finished his homework, his mother asked him to play with Linda. Se
100、eing her sweet smile, he felt so happy. Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.So he was determined to help his parents take good care of his sister. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. While his mother was cooking, he play
101、ed with his sister happily. He came to realize that he should take responsibility for the family because he grew up.【解析】【分析】本文以一个小男孩Victor的感受为线索展开，讲述了在Victor的妹妹Linda出生以后，父母将全部的注意力集中到她身上，这让他感到被忽略，因此他用对抗来引起父母的注意。最后父母也意识到这一点，就做出改变，让Victor重新感受到父母的爱。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“听到老师的反馈，父母陷入沉思”可知，第一段可描写父母对自己行为的反省。
102、由第二段首句内容“Victor意识到父母仍旧关爱他”可知，第二段可描写Victor感受到父母仍旧爱他后的积极行动。2.续写线索：沉思反省改变陪孩子感受到爱回报3.词汇激活行为类全身心投入：devote all ones attention to / put ones heart into 决定：make a decision/ make up ones mind .照看：take care of / look after情绪类感到高兴：feel happy/ feel pleased幸福地：happily / merrily点睛】高分句型1. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally.(运用同位语从句）高分句型2. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. (运用现在分词作状语以及定语从句）