1、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, su
2、rprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed “to give child
3、ren a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in the first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach
4、reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. Like in America, there is diversity (多样性)in Japanese early childhood ed
5、ucation. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a universit
6、y-based program, it will increase the childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated (一流的)schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化)in some Japanese kindergartens. 1. We learn from the first pa
7、ragraph that many Americans believe_.A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B. Japans economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D. Japans higher education is superior to thei
8、rs 2. In Japans preschool education, the focus is on_.A. preparing children academicallyB. developing childrens artistic interests C. developing childrens potentialD. shaping childrens character 3. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens? A. They can do bet
9、ter in their future studies. B. They can make more group experience grow there. C. They can be self-centered when they grow up. D. They can have better chances of getting a top-rated education. 4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to_.A. broaden childrens knowledg
10、e B. train childrens creativityC. lighten childrens study load D. enrich childrens experience【参考答案】14、CDDC 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：The city of Angkor was the capital of the Khmer Empire from the 9th to the 15th centuries.The Khmer Empire was one of the most prosperous kingdoms in the history
11、 of Southeast Asia，and its prosperity was expressed through a wide range of architecture.The city of Angkor was founded on political and religious ideas adapted from India，and the temples of Angkor were intended as a place of worship for the king and a way for him to ensure his immortality through i
12、dentification with the Hindu gods.Angkor Wat was first built by King Suryavarman in the 12th century as a vast funerary temple that would hold his remains，symbolically confirming his permanent identity with Vishnu.During its six centuries as imperial capital，Angkor went through many changes in archi
13、tectural styles and in religion.The city of Angkor transferred itself from the Hindu god Shiva to the Hindu god Vishnu，and finally to the Mahayana Buddhist goddess Avalokitesvara.By the late 13th century，the once frenzied pace of Angkors architectural pursuits had begun to die down，and a more restra
14、ined type of religion was on the rise under the growing influence of Theravada Buddhism.At the same time，Angkor and the Khmer Empire were increasingly threatened and attacked by invading armies.By the 16th century，the golden age of Angkor was over and many of the great temples began to move back int
15、o the jungle.From the 15th to 19th centuries，Theravada Buddhist monks cared for Angkor Wat，and it is thanks to them that the temple remains mostly intact.Angkor Wat became one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Southeast Asia.Angkor Wat is the best preserved example of Khmer architecture in C
16、ambodia and is so grand in design that some rank it among the seven wonders of the world.It appears on the Cambodian national flag，a very rare instance of a flag with an image of a building.Notes：symbolically adv.象征性地frenzied adj.发狂的intact adj.完整的pilgrimage n朝拜【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。介绍了柬埔寨吴哥窟的兴衰历史。1Angkor Wa
17、t was first built to _.Ahold the remains of a kingBserve as the royal palaceCworship the godsDbe the tomb for the king答案A细节理解题。从文章第三段可知，吴哥窟最初是为了保存国王的遗物而修建的。2Vishnu was the name of _.Aa king in ancient Cambodia Ba temple in CambodiaCan Indian godDa monk in ancient Cambodia答案C细节理解题。从文章第四段最后一句可知答案，这是一个
18、印度神的名字。3We can infer from the last paragraph that _.AAngkor Wat is widely accepted as one of the seven wonders of the worldBTheravada Buddhist monks had fought against the outside invadersCAngkor Wat is not so important as it used to beDAngkor Wat has become a symbol of Cambodia 答案D推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，
19、吴哥窟上了柬埔寨的国旗，说明它是柬埔寨的象征。4The passage mainly tells us _.Athe history of Angkor WatBthe protection of Angkor WatCthe importance of Angkor WatDthe position of Angkor in Cambodian history答案A主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文重点介绍吴哥窟的历史，而不是吴哥窟在柬埔寨的历史地位。阅读理解 选材相似度： 设题相似度： 难度系数：As a champion of both modern and postmodern art，N
20、ew Yorks historic Guggenheim Museum is a bastion of originality，burning bright amidst the Big Apples wide range of galleries and museums.The image of New York in art and popular culture has long been recognized.In the world of painting and photography，among a host of other art forms，New York has bee
21、n one of the central muses of the art world.Amidst its host of worldrenowned galleries are the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA)，the Metropolitan Museum and，perhaps most interestingly，the Guggenheim Museum.In terms of both its art and architecture，the Guggenheim Museum is one of New Yorks most interesting
22、 landmarks; as such，its an essential stopoff point for any culture lovers in the city.Originally established in 1937 as “The Museum of NonObjective Painting”，the Guggenheim was established with the primary aim of showcasing the work of early modernists; to this day the museum continues to maintain o
23、ngoing exhibits of the art of Wassily Kandinsky and Jackson Pollock.Its more recent exhibitions have included eclectic collections: Robert Mapplethorpe and the Classical Traditions，the work of Iraqiborn artists Zaha Hadid and an exhibition of photos showing sculptor David Smith at work.The Guggenhei
24、m Museum is not only notable for its excellent art collections，but also for its fundamental architectural beauty.Situated at the corner of 89th Street and 5th Avenue in Manhattan，the Guggenheim Museum was designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright，one of the most influential American architects of the
25、 early twentieth century.Looking somewhat like a coiledup white ribbon，it is generally recognized as one of the defining features of New Yorks diverse architectural landscape.Notes：bastion n堡垒muse n灵感eclectic adj.不拘一格的【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍的是美国纽约著名的展览馆the Guggenheim Museum。1The Guggenheim Museum was first
26、 built to _.Ashow the work of early modernistsBcompete with other museumsCcollect eclectic art workDbe a center of both modern and postmodern art答案A细节理解题。文章第三段提到，最初建造the Guggenheim Museum的目的是展出早期现代派的作品。2Frank Lloyd Wright is mentioned in the passage as a famous _.AIraqi artist Bmodern artistCarchite
27、ct Dsculptor答案C细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，Frank Lloyd Wright是美国20世纪著名的建筑师，是展览馆的设计者。3Which of the following is NOT true about the Guggenheim Museum?AIt is not as famous as the other two museums.BIts fundamental architectural beauty is also an attraction to visitors.CIt has a large collection of original work. D
28、It is situated in downtown Manhattan.答案A推理判断题。从文章第二段对三个展览馆的介绍可知，其中最出名的还是the Guggenheim Museum，因此A项正确。4The best title for the passage would be _.ANew York: one of the central muses of the art worldBNew York and its famous art museumsCThe Guggenheim Museum: the jewel in New Yorks artistic crownDThe th
29、ree worldrenowned museums in New York答案C主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是the Guggenheim Museum，它在纽约众多的展览馆中宛如一颗璀璨的明珠。 阅读理解。选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：The Scottish government has raised its target for sourcing electricity from renewable energy by 30 percentage points.Three years ago，it set out to achieve 50% from green power with
30、in 10 years.But new industry research suggested that the countrys renewable energy potential was bigger than thought.First Minister Alex Salmond has now announced that the government is setting a new target of 80% of electricity from renewables by 2020.He said: “We are already on the path to a low c
31、arbon economyScotland gets nearly a quarter of its electricity from green sources.”“Scotland is ideally placed to help lead the renewables revolution and thinking of the levels of planned investment over the next decade.” “I believe it is now time to aim higher and to go further.”An independent anal
32、ysis was commissioned by Scottish Renewables into the countrys renewable energy potential，which includes power drawn from wind，tidal，wave and hydro turbines，and energy from waste.It said the 2007 target of sourcing 50% of power needs from green sources within 10 years could easily be reached.It said
33、 it should reach 31% by next year，and there are several large projects which have already won approval and will come_on_stream after that.At a conservative estimate of increased generation and reduced demand，the country could have 81% renewable electricity within a decade，consultants Garrad Hassan c
34、laimed.With more ambitious assumptions about investment and consumption，renewables could provide 123% of Scotlands power needs.The surplus could be used for exports，requiring improved connectors out of Scotland.Notes：commission vt.委任；委托turbine n涡轮surplus n盈余长短句分析：An independent analysis was commissi
35、oned by Scottish Renewables into the countrys renewable energy potential，which includes power drawn from wind，tidal，wave and hydro turbines，and energy from waste.句法点睛：这是一个比较复杂的复合句。“into the countrys renewable energy potential”为介词短语，修饰analysis，而后面的which引导的定语从句也修饰analysis。句意：一项独立的对再生能源的潜力的分析由英格兰再生能源组织
36、委托。再生能源的潜力包括从风、潮汐、波浪和水涡中获得的能量，以及从废物中获得的能源。【语篇解读】 在过去的几年里，苏格兰的绿色能源已经产生了非常好的效果，原来预计的未来十年增长50%将改为80%。分析表明，苏格兰有巨大的绿色能源，如果将来苏格兰产生123%的国家所需能量，他们将把这些绿色能源出口，这将大大改善苏格兰与其他国家的合作。 1Whats the best title of the passage?ANew target for Scottish renewable energyBPlan for the usage of renewable energy in ScotlandCHo
37、pe for a low carbon economyDRenewables in great need in Scotland答案A主旨大意题。全文讲述了苏格兰在绿色能源使用上取得初步成就后，订立新的目标，将低碳绿色能源进行到底的事情。B有一定的干扰性，联系全文可知，苏格兰已经实现了原来制定的使用绿色能源的目标，现在将未来十年的目标由原来的50%提高到80%。2From what First Minister Alex Salmond said we can infer _.AScotland wants to be the top country using green sourcesBS
38、cotland is short of exportsCin the past Scotland didnt use renewable energyDScotland doesnt want to invest on green sources答案A推理判断题。联系他说的“Scotland is ideally placed to help lead the renewables revolution”可知，他的目标是苏格兰在绿色能源使用上处于领先地位。3What does the underlined phrase “come on stream” mean in the 10th par
39、agraph? ASail on the river. BBe discussed.CBe put to an end to. DBe carried out. 答案D词义理解题。联系前面的“have already won approval”可知，一些工程项目已经得到支持，下一步就是实施，因此D项最佳。4What can we see from the last paragraph?AScotland wants to save some energy.BScotland will produce more renewables for other countries.CScotland w
40、ill broaden its peoples daily product consumption.DScotland will need more foreign investment.答案B主旨大意题。联系文章最后一句“The surplus could be used for exports”可知，未来苏格兰将产生国家所需要的123%的绿色能源，而盈余部分将用于出口。【福建省2014模拟】完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Having lived in China for about five
41、years, I am totally used to daily life here. Adapting to a 36 society and culture is something to be satisfied with, is it not? Usually it would be. 37 ,it makes writing a column about my impressions of China a lot more 38 . Luckily for me, two friends from my country, Ireland, came to 39 me during
42、the summer. It was their first time in China, and it was through their eyes that I rediscovered the 40 0f experiencing a foreign culture for the first time again. It was then that 41 0f my first month in China came flooding _42 to me. During my first week as an English teacher in China, I was 43 to
43、a student party. Having only recently graduated from university myself, I 44 very much enjoyed student parties, and 45 accepted the invitation. On the evening of the party I was 46 to a classroom building by two students. I was led to a room and entered, 47 to see people dancing, drinking, eating an
44、d chatting. Instead, I found myself 48 a big room of about two hundred students clapping hands for me. I was 49 a microphone and asked to speak. About what? I asked with a fright. 50 , came the reply! After I 51 my stage fright, I found that it really didnt 52 what I talked about. My audience were h
45、appy to have the opportunity to listen to a( n) 53 English speaker. They simply wanted to practice their English. 54 the politeness and warmth of Chinese students, I overcame my 55 0f speaking in public and became more self-confident. Most importantly, I met dozens of fine people and made lots of ex
46、cellent friends.36. A. different B. secure C. complete D. stable37. A. Instead B. Besides C. However D. Otherwise38. A. significant B. complex C. excellent D. difficult39. A. consult B. inform C. interview D. visit40. A. trouble B. pleasure C. puzzle D. pain41. A. celebrations B. memories C. ceremon
47、ies D. possessions42. A. out B. down C. back D. forward43. A. invited B. attracted C. accepted D. introduced44. A. then B. even C. again D. still45. A. curiously B. anxiously C. gladly D. crazily46. A. pushed B. rushed C. followed D. accompanied47. A. hesitating B. waiting C. expecting D. deciding48
48、. A. facing B. leaving C. watching D. owning49. A. shown B. handed C. lent D. returned50. A. Something B. Everything C. Nothing D. Anything51. A. turned over B. set off C. got over D. showed off52. A. occur B. matter C. work D. bother53. A. native B. fluent C. efficient D. local54. A. Aside from B. Thanks to C. Regardless of D. Rather than55. A. fear B. anger C. emotion D. impact【参考答案】3655、ACDDB BCADC DCABD CBABA