1、Unit 4Earthquakes1_ vi.爆裂；爆发_ n突然破裂；爆发2_ n废墟；毁灭_ vt.毁灭；使破产_ (词组)严重受损；破败不堪3_ n苦难；痛苦_ v受苦；遭受4_ adj.极度的_ adv.极其；非常5_ vt.损害；伤害_ adj.受伤的_ n扭伤；损害；损伤6_ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭_ n毁坏；毁灭7_ vt.& vi.(使) 震惊；震动_ n休克；打击；震惊8_ n.& vt.援救；营救9_ vt.使陷入困境_ n陷阱；困境10_ n电；电流；电学_ adj.用电的；带电的；发电的_ adj.与电有关的；电学的11_ n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处_ adj.受庇护的；受
2、掩护的12_ n记者_ v报告13_ n损失；损害_ vt.损失；损害14_ vt.使惊吓；吓唬_ adj.受惊的；受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的15_ n祝贺；(复数)贺词_ v祝贺16_ n裁判员；法官_ n判断；判决17_ adv.真诚地；真挚地_ adj.真诚的18_ vt.表达；表示_ n快车；速递_ n表达；表情；词句1She found it was _(极其) difficult to get a job.2_(电)is off and the house is completely dark.3Neighbours were _(震惊) that such an attack
3、 could happen in their area.4Thousands died in the _(灾难)in this spring.5_(判断) by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.6Its wrong of you to take _ (躲避) under the tree in the storm.7The children were _ (困住) in a deep hole and couldnt get out.8The factory was completely _ (毁坏) by fire.9Mary
4、_ (爆发) into tears at the news that her father had passed away.10After the war they saved those who were alive and _ (埋葬) the dead.1_ away 立刻；马上2_if 好像；仿佛3at _ end 结束；终结4_ 掘出；发现5_ (great) number _ 许多；大量1It seemed _ _ the world was _ _ _！世界似乎到了末日！句型提炼：It seemed as if.句式。seem后常接that或as if引导的从句。2_ they
5、looked nearly everything was destroyed.句型提炼：everywhere引导地点状语从句，意为“无论哪里”。3_ hope was _lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。句型提炼：这是一个部分否定句。all.not，both.not为部分否定；其完全否定形式用none，neither。1burst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发n突然破裂；爆发burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst out doing sth.burst inton.突然起来be bursting to do sth.渴望/急着要做某事burst in
6、/into 闯进，突然破门而入The pipe is easy to burst in cold winter.在寒冷的冬季管道很容易爆裂。The dam burst because of the heavy rain.因为那场大雨，堤坝决口了。The excellent performance of the little girl caused bursts of applause.小女孩的出色表现赢得了阵阵掌声。She burst into tears on seeing her mother.She burst out crying on seeing her mother.一看到妈妈，
7、她突然大哭起来。反馈1.1Believe it or not，Lucys sister suddenly _ crying when we were eating.Aburst outBburst inCburst into Dburst on反馈1.2On hearing the bad news，Mary _ and ran back to her room.Aburst into tearsBburst out tearsClaughed with tearsDwiped her tears反馈1.3On hearing the news that her son had won the
8、 game，she _laughter.Aburst out Bburst withCburst upon Dburst into2injure vt.损害；伤害He was badly injured in the accident.他在那次事故中受了重伤。Her refusal injured his pride.她拒绝了他，伤害了他的自尊心。用法拓展injury n伤；伤口；伤害injured adj.受伤的；受委屈的The old man suffered the discomfort from the head injury.老人因头部受伤而感到不适。The ambulance to
9、ok the injured to the nearby hospital.救护车把伤者送到了附近的一家医院。易混辨析wound/injure/hurt (1)wound 一般指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤，尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。(2)injure 一般指由于意外或事故造成的损伤。(3)hurt 可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害；还可作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.在这次攻击中，约有五十人受重伤。Im sorry I didnt mean to hurt you.对
10、不起，我并不是故意伤害你。My feet hurt.我脚疼。反馈2.1What you have said has seriously _ Maggies feelings.Awounded BdestroyedChurt Dharmed反馈2.2The bullet_ the soldier in the head.Awounded BinjuredChurt Ddestroyed反馈2.3Eating a lot and exercising little do _to your health.Adamage BinjuryChurt Dharm用injure的适当形式填空反馈2.4The
11、 _ person was badly _ in the chest.The doctor could not see his _，for he was lying on his stomach.3ruin nU毁坏；毁灭；崩溃；C(pl.)废墟；遗迹v(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭(1)be in ruins成为废墟be the ruin of成为毁灭(堕落)的原因bring sb.to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉(2)ruin oneself自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉 Th
12、e bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin.银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。We picked out a way through the ruins of the bombed building.我们在被轰炸过的建筑物的废墟中找了一条路走。Years of fighting has left Iraq in ruins.多年的战争已使伊拉克满目疮痍。Gambling brought him to ruin.赌博毁了他。A large number of churches fell into ruin after the
13、 revolution.革命过后，许多教堂都被毁了。The country was ruined by war.这个国家因战争而遭到严重破坏。易混辨析destroy/ruin/damage/break(1)destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、契约等。(2)ruin 亦指彻底毁坏，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁坏掉的意思。(3)damage 是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。(4)break 是“破坏，打破”的意思，它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西毁坏
14、，如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西破坏，如法律、沉默、习惯等。The bridge was completely destroyed，so they wouldnt get across.桥被完全毁坏了，所以他们将无法过河。That will destroy the reputation of our products.那会毁了我们产品的信誉。Smoking can severely damage your health.吸烟会严重损害你的健康。Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都将受到惩罚。反馈3.1After t
15、he big earthquake，his house was completely _，so he had to build a new one _ the old house stood.Adamaged；which Bdestroyed；whereCruined；when Dhurt；that反馈3.2Several rounds of air and ground attacks from the allied forces left the whole city _.Ain pieces Bin ruinsCin part Din place反馈3.3We were amazed t
16、o find the _ car started again and moved away.Adamaged BmissedCbroke Dembarrassed反馈3.4That car accident _ all his life.After that he was limited to a wheelchair.Adamaged BdestroyedCharmed Druined反馈3.5Paul will_ his own future if he continues to be so foolish.Abury BruinCdevote Drescue反馈3.6Has the ca
17、r been badly _ in the accident?Yes.Itll cost a lot of money to have it repaired.Ainjured BdestroyedCdamaged Dhurt4a (large) number of许多的；大量的a large/great number of “许多的，大量的”，相当于large/great numbers of，后面跟可数名词复数形式。number之前可加某些表示数量大小的形容词。a number of加可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。a small number of 少量的an equal nu
18、mber of相同数量的in number在数量上；总共A great number of students find it hard to find an acceptable job after graduation.许多学生发现毕业以后找一份合适的工作不容易。We were eight in number.我们有八个人。用法拓展表示“数量”的短语还有：a lot of/lots of 许多；大量(修饰可数或不可数名词)a great/big deal of 许多；很多(修饰不可数名词)an amount of/amounts of 大量的(修饰不可数名词)a quantity of/qu
19、antities of 很多；大量(修饰可数或不可数名词)a little 一些(修饰不可数名词)a bit of 一些(修饰不可数名词)a great many 很多(修饰可数名词复数)many a许多(修饰可数名词单数)We have had an enormous amount of help from people.我们得到了人们的大力帮助。A great many students in our class are fond of pop music.我们班里很多学生喜欢流行音乐。易混辨析a number of 与the number of(1)a number of意为“若干，许多
20、”，其后必须接名词复数；number前可用good，great，large，small等词修饰。用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)the number of意为“的数量”，其后接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。A small number of people have applied for the job.只有少数人申请这份工作。The number of the students is increasing very fast.学生数量正在迅速增长。反馈4.1Large _of money were spent on the garden.Anumber
21、BquantityCamount Dquantities反馈4.2Jane stored _ food in the new cave.Aa great deal of Ba great manyCa large number of Dquite a lot反馈4.3_ work has been done to improve the peoples living standard.AMany BA great manyCAn amount of DA number of反馈4.4_large number of books have been stolen from the library
22、，havent they?Yes._number of them is 26 000.AThe；The BA；TheCA；A DThe；/反馈4.5Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those from the countryside，_ in the clothing industry.Ais working BworksCwork Dworked反馈4.6_ books have been sent to the mountain schools.AMany a BAmounts ofCA great many DA great dea
23、l of5one third 三分之一分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用序数词的复数形式。分数或分数修饰名词作主语时谓语动词的数根据其含义或其后的名词而定。Two thirds of the students in our class are boys.我们班三分之二的学生是男生。Five sixths of the land in this area is polluted by this factory.这个地区六分之五的土地被这家工厂污染了。用法拓展(1)百分数的表达：percent与具体的数词连用，percentage可与large，small，high，in
24、creasing等词连用。(2)年龄的表达：表示“在某人几十多岁时”用“in ones整十的基数词”的复数形式。(3)年份的表达：表示“在年代”用“in the年份(后加s或s)”。(4)倍数的表达：A谓语倍数比较级thanBA谓语倍数as原级asBA谓语倍数the名词(size，length，height等)ofBA谓语倍数thatofBA谓语倍数what引导的名词性从句Eighty percent of the students have gone to university this year.今年百分之八十的学生考上了大学。An increasing percentage of the
25、 population own their own houses.自己有房子的人占的比例越来越大了。He set up the company in his thirties.三十几岁时，他成立了这家公司。This happened in the 1920s.这件事发生在20世纪20年代。He earns twice more than her.He earns three times as much as her.He earns three times what she does.他的收入是她的三倍。反馈5.1_ of the people on the Internet _Chinas
26、economy is among the strongest in the world.AA large percents；believesBFourfifth；believeCA large percentage；believeDFourfifths；believes反馈5.2With too many trees cut down，_ of the farmland in that district _ become desert in the past 50 years.Atwo seventh；hasBtwo seventh；have Ctwo sevenths；hasDtwo sev
27、enths；have反馈5.3When he moved to Germany in _，he was already in _.Athe fifties；his sixtyBfifties；his sixtiesCthe fifties；his sixtiesDfifty；sixty反馈5.4(2013东北三省第一次大联考)The pork price is expensive.Ive got about half the amount I had at home and Im paying _ here.Aas three times muchBas much three timesCth
28、ree times as muchDmuch as three times6It seemed as if the world was at an end！世界似乎到了末日！It seemed as if .似乎It seems (to sb.) that/as if .(对某人来说)似乎，as if后面可用虚拟语气seem to be/liken.似乎，好像seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像正在做/已经做了某事 seem (to be)n./adj.似乎是There seems to be .好像有It seemed as if/that hi
29、s classmates didnt believe his story.His classmates seemed not to believe his story.他的同学似乎并不相信他的说法。The parents seem to have known the result of the College Entrance Exams.It seems that the parents have known the result of the College Entrance Exams.似乎家长已经知道了高考的结果。There seems to be no one for her to
30、turn to when she is in trouble.当她遇到困难时，好像没有人可以求助。反馈6.1Doctor，it looks _ Billy has a little trouble.Dont worry.Ill go down and see him right away.Aas if Beven ifCever since Das for反馈6.2_ to be general agreement that at least one tenth of adults are addicted to computers to some degree.AThere seems BT
31、here seemCIt seems DIt seem完成句子反馈6.3在当时就像是一场灾难。_ _ _ a disaster at that time.7All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。All the boys are not interested in sports.不是所有的男孩子都喜欢运动。Not all these books are popular with people.这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。用法拓展否定词no或not等与表示总括意义的不定代词，如everything，everybody，both等连用时，表示部分否定。其完全否定形式用n
32、othing，nobody，none，neither等表示。Everything had not been taken.并不是所有的东西都被拿走了。Everybody does not agree to the plan.不是所有的人都同意这项计划。Both of them didnt come yesterday.昨天他们两个并没有都来。We had three cats oncenone (of them) is/are alive now.我们曾有三只猫现在一只活的也没有了。反馈7.1We cant have lunch at the restaurant，because _.Aall
33、of us dont have moneyB not all of us have moneyCevery one of us doesnt have moneyDnone of us have money反馈7.2I havent read _ of his books，but judging from the one I have read，I think he is a very promising writer.Aany BbothCeither Dnone反馈7.3Do you agree with me?Sorry，I agree with most of what you sai
34、d，but I dont agree with _.Aeverything BanythingCsomething Dnothing参考答案基础梳理整合词汇拓展1burst；burst2ruin；ruin；in ruins3suffering；suffer4extreme；extremely5injure；injured；injury6destroy；destruction7shock；shock8rescue9trap；trap10electricity；electric；electrical11shelter；sheltered12reporter；report13damage；damag
35、e14frighten；frightened；frightening15congratulation；congratulate16judge；judgement17sincerely；sincere18express；express；expression语境记词1extremely2.Electricity3.shocked4.disaster5.Judging6.shelter7.trapped8destroyed9.burst10.buried短语回顾1right2.as3.an4.dig out5.a；of典句背诵1as if；at an end2.Everywhere3.All；not
36、考点归纳拓展【反馈1.1】 A句意：信不信由你，当我们正在吃饭的时候，露西的妹妹突然大哭起来。burst out doing sth. “突然起来”。【反馈1.2】 A句意：一听到坏消息，玛丽就大哭起来，跑回了房间。burst into tearsburst out crying。 【反馈1.3】 Dburst into laughter “大笑起来” , 相当于burst out laughing。故选D项。【反馈2.1】 C句意：你说的话伤透了玛吉的感情。这里指情感的伤害，故用hurt。【反馈2.2】 A句意：子弹打伤了这个战士的头部。指战斗中受伤通常用wound, 故A项正确。【反馈2.
37、3】 D句意：吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害。这里不是指受伤，而是指危害，故选D项。【反馈2.4】 injured；injured；injury【反馈3.1】 B第一个空考查动词的辨析，表示 “完全毁坏” 可用destroy或ruin；第二个空考查连接词，从句意推断，应用where引导地点状语从句。句意：地震过后，他的房子完全被毁了，所以他不得不在旧房子处盖一座新房子。【反馈3.2】 B句意：盟军的好几轮空袭和地面进攻使整个城市变成了一片废墟。in pieces “破碎，拆散”；in ruins “成为废墟”；in part “部分地，有几分”；in place “在适当的位置”。【反馈3.3】
38、 A句意：我们惊讶地发现那辆损坏的车又发动起来了并且还能跑了。damaged “损坏的”；missed “错过的”；broke “破产的”；embarrassed “尴尬的”。根据句意，应选A项。【反馈3.4】 D句意：那场车祸毁了他的一生。在此之后他只能坐在轮椅上了。ruin的损害程度很大，指程度深的损害。含义相对抽象，强调损坏的结果，常译作“毁了，毁灭”。【反馈3.5】 Bruin表示 “毁灭，毁坏” , 后可跟抽象名词future等。bury “埋葬”；devote “付出”；rescue “拯救”。【反馈3.6】 C根据答语 “修理要花很多钱” 可知车子在事故中损毁严重，但还可以修复。
39、damage通常表示事物的价值或功能部分受损，可修复，符合语境。injure指损害健康、成就、容貌等；destroy指通过某种有力的手段使事物毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复；hurt指受伤。【反馈4.1】 Da large/great/good number of只修饰可数名词，这里被修饰词money为不可数名词，故A项错误；amount 可以修饰不可数名词，但要用a large/good amount of, 这里缺少冠词a, 故C项错误；a great/large quantity of和large quantities of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词，且由谓语动词可知D项正
40、确。【反馈4.2】 Afood是不可数名词，a great many 和a large number of都修饰可数名词，故B项和C项不正确；quite a lot后应该加of才能接宾语；a great deal of修饰不可数名词。【反馈4.3】 Cwork是不可数名词，an amount of修饰不可数名词，其余三项都修饰可数名词。【反馈4.4】 B句意：图书馆有很多书被偷走了，不是吗？是的。数量是26 000。 a number of “很多，大量”；the number of “的数字，的数量”。根据句意可知B项正确。【反馈4.5】 Ca large number of 修饰主语时谓语
41、动词用复数形式，可排除A、B两项；由nowadays可知应该用一般现在时态。故选C项。【反馈4.6】 Cbooks为复数形式，故与a great many搭配；amounts of和a great deal of修饰不可数名词；many a修饰可数名词单数。【反馈5.1】 C分数或者百分数修饰名词作主语时，谓语的数由名词而定。分数的表达法是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。percent与具体的数词连用，percentage可与large等词连用。在此题中，people是一个复数名词，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。【反馈5.2】 C由于分子two大于1, 故分母seve
42、nth后要加s；又因farmland是不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数。【反馈5.3】 C句意：在五十年代当他搬到德国去时，他已经六十多岁了。表示 “在年代” 用 “in the 年份 (后加s或s) ”；表示 “在某人几十多岁时” 用 “in ones 整十的基数词的复数形式”。故选C项。【反馈5.4】 C句意：猪肉价格很高。我买了在国内买的一半的数量却付了三倍的钱。倍数的表达法：倍数的表达有三种方式：1)倍数as adj./adv. as被比对象，这一句型中，如果形容词修饰一单数可数名词，那么要把形容词提到冠词的前面来，即：倍数as adj.a/an 单数可数名词as被比对象；2)倍数形容词或
43、者副词的比较级than被比对象；3)倍数 the size/width/depth/length/height of 被比对象。这里考查的是第一种形式。【反馈6.1】 Aas if表示“好像，似乎，仿佛”，常用在句型“It seems/looks as if从句”中，表示“看起来好像”。even if “即使”；ever since “从那时起”；as for “至于，关于”。【反馈6.2】 A从后面的general agreement可知，这是一个there be 结构，故用There seems to be的句式，A项正确。句意：人们似乎普遍认为至少十分之一的成年人在一定程度上迷恋电脑。【反馈6.3】 It seemed like【反馈7.1】 D句意：我们不能在饭店吃午餐，因为我们都没带钱。这里要用完全否定，故选D项。A、B和C项都是部分否定。【反馈7.2】 B句意：他的那两本书我没全读，但从我读过的那本看来，我认为他是一个非常有前途的作家。从the one I have read可知，这里是部分否定，故选B项。【反馈7.3】 A由第二句的前一分句“我赞同你说的绝大部分话”可推知后半句应为“但我并不是每一个细节都同意”。在所给的四个选项中，只有everything与not连用才能构成部分否定，故选A项。