1、课时作业(一)Unit 1Section Starting out & Understanding ideas.阅读理解AInventor, physicist, astronomer, biologist, artist. Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaa
2、c Newton, and the great architect Christopher Wren. Hookes early education began at home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School and from there he went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skills at de
3、signing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the societys weekly meetings. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society
4、 had no money to pay him! Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes. He invented a compound microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork (软木塞) under a microscope, he saw honeycomblike structures. There were cells the smallest units of life. In fact,
5、 it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the boxlike cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of some place. Another achievement of Hookes was his book Micrographia, which introduced the enormous potential of the microscope. It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the mic
6、roscope. The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena. Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy, too. A crater (坑) on the moon is named after
7、him in honour of his services to this branch of science.1Why did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?AHe was good at designing experiments.BHis family needed his support.CHe wanted to please the famous scientists in England. DHis parents couldnt afford his education.2What does the underli
8、ned word “pastimes” in Paragraph 3 mean?AJobs. BExperiments.CHobbies. DStructures.3What can we learn from the text?AHooke went to Oxford in 1662.BHooke was well paid in the Royal Society of London.CHooke made a contribution to medicine.DHookes book Micrographia might have helped Newton.4What is the
9、last paragraph to prove?AHooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century.BHooke was good at making discoveries.CHookes contributions were not limited to one field.DHooke was one of the greatest astronomers.B Parents often put their own relationship on the back burner to concentrate
10、 on their children, but a new study shows that when spouses (配偶) love each other, their children stay in school longer and marry later in life. Research about how the affection between parents shapes their childrens longterm life outcomes is rare because the data demands are high. This study uses un
11、ique data from families in Nepal to provide new evidence. The study, coauthored by researchers at the University of Michigan and McGill University in Quebec, was published in the journal Demography. “In this study, we see that parents emotional connection to each other affects child growth so much t
12、hat it shapes their childrens future，” said coauthor and UM Institute for Social Research researcher William Axinn. “The fact that we found these kinds of things in Nepal moves us to step closer to evidence that these things are universal.” The study uses data from the Chitwan Valley Family Study in
13、 Nepal. The survey was launched in 1995, and collected information from 151 neighborhoods in the Western Chitwan Valley. Married couples were interviewed at the same time but separately, and were asked to assess the level of affection they had for their partner. The spouses answered “How much do you
14、 love your husband/wife, very much, some, a little, or not at all？” The researchers then followed the children of these parents for 12 years to document their education and marital (婚姻的) behavior. They found that the children of the parents who reported they loved each other either “some” or “very m
15、uch” stayed in school longer and married later. “Family isnt just another institution. Its not like a school. It is this place where we also have emotions and feelings，” said lead author Sarah BraunerOtto, director of the Centre on Population Dynamics at McGill University. The researchers say that t
16、heir next important question will be to identify why parental love impacts children in this way.5Why is the research rarely done about the influence of parents love on childrens lives?ABecause few scientists show passion.BBecause the data are demanding.CBecause evidence is hard to collect.DBecause p
17、arents sometimes dont tell the truth.6What does the underlined word “universal” in the third Paragraph mean?AReasonable. BScientific.CWorldwide. DAcceptable.7What can be learned about the study from Paragraph 4?AIt started in the 19th century.BIt used information from 151 western countries.CCouples
18、were interviewed together.DCouples needed to make an assessment of their closeness degree.8Which of the following will Sarah BraunerOtto agree with?AFamily is like a school.BFamily really matters.CHome is the best place.DAll happy families are alike.完形填空 A New York woman is earning plenty of praise
19、online after she wrote a message offering to help her elderly neighbors. Maggie Connolly, who lives in Brooklyns Carroll Gardens neighborhood, _1_ her handwritten letter _2_ several grocery stores in her community were short of supplies, according to Fox News. The letter, which is _3_ to “elderly ne
20、ighbors and those with poor health”， includes Connollys email address and an offer to help those _4_ people.Connollys neighbor reposted an image of the letter, after which it was _5_ by several popular online accounts. One post even earned nearly 50,000 _6_ and hundreds of comments from users who ca
21、lled the effort “sweet” and “_7_” Others used the message as a source of _8_， saying it served as a reminder as to how people should _9_ during emergencies. Connolly told Fox News she received plenty of responses to the _10_， with people of all age ranges asking for help. She _11_ that she also got
22、emails from other people who were following _12_ in their own neighborhoods. “Many people _13_ to others not only in the neighborhood, but also all over the world, sending me pictures of their signs that theyre making, which I think is so huge，” she said. Connolly said shes _14_ working with around
23、70 volunteers in her own neighborhood a community shes hoping to grow by working with the institution Invisible Hands, which offers delivery _15_ to those in need throughout New York City and Jersey City.1A.posted Bannounced Cdelivered Dcomposed2A.before Bafter Cuntil Dunless3A.attached Bapplied Cre
24、ferred Dwritten4A.lucky Banxious Cambitious Dneedy5A.witnessed Bcopied Cshared Ddesigned6A.likes Bthumbs Cflowers Ddollars7A.puzzling Bunhelpful Camazing Dboring8A.explanation Binspiration Cdetermination Dsatisfaction9A.feel Bbehave Csurvive Dcook10A.bill Bnotice Cwarning Dletter11A.complained Bcomm
25、ented Cadded Dpredicted12A.suit Blaw Croutes Drules13A.work out Breach out Cturn out Dmake out14A.simply Bpossibly Cinstantly Dcurrently15A.aid Blove Cmachine Dmedicine课时作业(一).阅读理解A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了英国伟大的科学家、生物学家、细胞的发现者罗伯特胡克的故事。1答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing
26、 experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the societys weekly meetings. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no
27、 money to pay him”可知，胡克接受实验馆长一职的 原因是他擅长设计实验。故选A。2答案与解析：C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“. meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the societys weekly meetings. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him！”和第三段第二句“He invented a compound microsc
28、ope for this purpose”可推知，第三段第一句“Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes”的意思是“用显微镜观察生物是他最喜欢的爱好之一”，所以“pastimes”的意思是“爱好”。故选C。3答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientist
29、s like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena”可推知，胡克的显微图谱这本书可能对牛顿有过帮助。故选D。4答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy, too. A crater (坑) on the moon is named after him in honour of his services to this branch of science”可知，胡克的贡献并不局限于一个领域。故选C。B
30、【语篇解读】一项研究表明，父母之间的感情程度影响孩子的成长，父母感情好的孩子在校学习时间较长并且结婚晚。5答案与解析：B考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Research about how the affection between parents shapes their childrens longterm life outcomes is rare because the data demands are high”可知，这类研究因为数据要求较高而很少。6答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。由画线词所在句“The fact that we found these kinds of things in
31、 Nepal moves us to step closer to evidence that these things are universal”可知，研究人员在尼泊尔发现这些种类的情况的事实促使他们更接近这些情况是普遍存在的证据。故此处universal与worldwide同义，表示“全世界的，普遍的”。故选C。7答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据文章第四段尤其是“and were asked to assess the level of affection they had for their partner”可知，夫妇被要求对自己和对方之间的亲近程度作出评价。故D项符合文意。8答案与解
32、析：B考查推理判断。由文章最后一段中的“Family isnt just another institution. Its not like a school. It is this place where we also have emotions and feelings”可推知，Sarah BraunerOtto认为家庭很重要，故选B。.完形填空【语篇解读】在社区食品杂货店供应紧缺时，Maggie Connolly发了一封手写信，愿意帮助上了年纪的邻居以及那些需要帮助的人。她的这一做法受到了人们的好评。很多人也效仿她的做法，进行爱心传递。1答案与解析：A由下文中的“Connollys n
33、eighbor reposted an image of the letter”可知此处表示在网上发布她的手写信。故A项符号文意。2答案与解析：B根据语境可知，Connolly这样做是在社区食品杂货店供应紧缺之后(after)，故选B。3答案与解析：D根据语境可知，此处表示这封信是写给上了年纪的邻居和身体不好的人的。故选D。4答案与解析：D由空前的help以及下文中的“those in need”可知，needy“缺食物(钱)的”符合文意。5答案与解析：C根据下文描述可知，此处表示这封信被几个受欢迎的网上账户分享了。故选C。6答案与解析：A由下文中的“comments from users w
34、ho called the effort sweet”可知有一个帖子甚至获得了差不多五万赞(likes)，故选A。7答案与解析：C根据空前的“sweet”可知，空处要选表示积极意义的形容词，故amazing“令人惊喜的”符合文意。8答案与解析：B由下文中的“it served as a reminder”可知这封信给他人带来了灵感。故选B。9答案与解析：B这封信提醒人们在紧急情况下该如何表现(behave)，故选B。10答案与解析：D由语境可知空处说的是Connolly发的那封信，故选D。11答案与解析：C由上文中的“Connolly told Fox News”以及下文中的“she also
35、 got emails from other people”可知此处是她接着说的内容。add“补充说，继续说”符合文意。12答案与解析：A根据语境可知，此处表示很多人效仿她的做法。follow suit为固定搭配，意为“照着做，仿效”。故选A。13答案与解析：B根据语境可知，此处表示许多人愿意提供援助，不仅在社区内，而且在全世界。reach out to sb.“表示愿意提供援助”符合文意。14答案与解析：D此处表示Connolly说她目前正在和她自己社区的大约70名志愿者一起工作，故currently“目前，当前”符合文意。15答案与解析：A结合语境可知，她要与Invisible Hands这个机构合作，这个机构提供送达帮助。故aid“援助，帮助”符合文意。