1、Topic 15劳动，求职与就业(三)任职资格 (Qualifications)ability, potential, _ prfe()n()l29，certificate, qualified, title, skill, junior, senior, competent, capable工作职责 (Job Responsibilities)handle, _ pfm91, conduct，responsible, undertake, duty, _ tlIn(d)109, extra, task, unite, be supposed to, solve, take/in charge
2、 of, find a _ slu()n49, deal with odd jobs, cooperate, accomplish, mission工作管理 (Work Management)control, project, organize, _ mnIdm()nt42, teamwork, regulation，administration职业规划 (Career Planning)field, chance, develop, _ kjpeI()n13, profession, fulltime, parttime, possibility, temporary, steady, pe
3、rmanent, career, _ ptjunti44工作环境 (Working Environment)_ stresfl9, challenging, tiresome, hardship, overtime, working conditionprofessional; perform; challenge; solution; management; occupation; opportunity; stressfulpotentialThe PNUT concept explores the packaging and design potential for a vehicle
4、designed for the city lifestyle.(2019天津3月高考)The algorithm can reveal our potential health problems.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空In this case, we should not be worrying about our p_ limitations.Youve got something that is _ (可能地) going to save somebodys life.答案：potentialpotentially(2)单句语法填空 I must say that I have
5、the potential _ (work) as an instructor. Lowtech offices can _ (potential) nourish the brains. 答案：to workpotentially(3)单句写作这个男孩有实现目标的巨大潜力。_答案：The boy has great potential to achieve goal.(1)n. 可能性；潜在性 the possibility of sth. happening or being developed or used(2)adj. (仅用于名词前)潜在的；可能的 that can develop
6、 into sth. or be developed in the futurehave the potential to do sth. 有潜力做某事potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地perform(2019浙江6月高考)They performed their first concert in America at CBS televisions 53rd street studio.(2019江苏高考)Freed hands can serve some other purposes and perform complex tasks. (2019全国卷)They perf
7、ormed well academically.(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义This operation has never been performed in this country._The play was first performed in 1987._The engine seems to be performing well._答案：做演出；表演运转(2)单句语法填空Once _ (perform), the works of Beethoven must attract all the people present at the concert.Your _ (perf
8、orm) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.答案：performedperformance(3)单句写作The police _ (起着极其重要的作用) our society.The famous singer _ (将演出) at the Shanghai Gymnasium next month.The doctor is going to set out to _ (做手术), so please keep calm.答案：perform a vita
9、l role inwill give/put on a performanceperform the operation(1)v. 演出；表演 to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.(2)v. 做；履行；执行 to do sth., such as a piece of work, task or duty(3)v. 工作，运转(好/不好) to work or function well or badlyperform a(n) . role in 在中起作用perform an
10、 operation/a play 做手术/演戏perform ones duty/promise 尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺performance n. 表演；表现；履行put on/give a performance 表演performer n. 表演者；执行者responsibleEven where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible for their children.(2019全国卷)In analyzing his and other research, Dr Prins
11、tein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空Mike is r_ for designing the entire project.It is their _ (责任) to ensure that the rules are enforced.答案：responsibleresponsibility(2)单句语法填空The p
12、ilot of the plane should be responsible _ the passengers safety.If you serve your community, you will grow up to be a good citizen with a strong sense of _ (responsible)答案：forresponsibility(3)单句写作We should motivate the students into _ (承担他们自己学习的责任)Our department manager _ (直接对负责) the vicepresident o
13、f sales. 答案：taking the responsibility for their own work/learningis directly responsible to(1)adj. 有责任的；负责的；承担义务的 having the job or duty of doing sth. or taking care of sb./sth., so that you may be blamed if sth. goes wrong(2)adj. 作为原因；成为起因 being the cause of sth.be responsible for 应对负责，对有责任be respo
14、nsible to sb. 对某人负责responsibility n. 责任，责任心bear/take (the) responsibility for 承担对的责任，为负责a sense of responsibility 责任感undertake(2015全国卷)The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.The United Nations Organization(UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid.He
15、re however rises the problem of costs.(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident._He undertook to finish the job by Friday._答案：承担；从事；负责承诺；允诺；答应(2)单句语法填空The team will undertake _ this experiment which is important to the whole countrys sec
16、urity.He undertook _ (improve) the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.答案：forto improve(3)句型转换Tony undertook that he would never make fun of his deskmate again.Tony _ fun of his deskmate again.答案：undertook never to make(1)v. 承担；从事；负责 to make yourself responsible for sth. and start d
17、oing it(2)v. 承诺；允诺；答应 to agree or promise that you will do sth.supposeI would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement (退休) is a possibility.(2015江苏高考)Suppose you become a leader in an organization. Its very likely that youll want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activi
18、ties. (1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义The policy is perfectly clear and I see no reason to suppose that it isnt working._Suppose flights are fully booked on that daywhich other day could we go？_答案：认为假定；假设(2)单句语法填空_ (suppose) youve made some progress, you should not be proud.Wearing something new is supposed _ (rep
19、resent) success and hope in the brides new life and in her marriage.You are late again. You are supposed to _ (arrive) here five minutes earlier.答案：Suppose/Supposingto representhave arrived(3)一句多译你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。_答案：You were supposed to have handed in your homework yesterday.You should have handed in
20、your homework yesterday. You ought to have handed in your homework yesterday.(1)v. (根据所知)认为，推断，料想 to think or believe that sth. is true or possible (based on the knowledge that you have)(2)v. 假定；假设 to pretend that sth. is true; to imagine what would happen if sth. were trueoccupation(2019天津高考)Many o
21、f us equate (视等同于) “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空Even if you fade ou
22、t of my life, but still o_ my memory.I like teaching because it is an _ (工作) to my taste.答案：occupyoccupation(2)单句语法填空I have been so occupied _ work that I havent had time for social activities.I suppose I was looking for an _ (occupy) which was going to be an adventure.答案：withoccupation(3)句型转换She is
23、 occupied in looking after three children at home, so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club._ three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club._ three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in th
24、e club.答案：Occupied in looking afterOccupying herself in looking after(1)n. 工作；职业 a job or profession(2)n. (土地、房屋、建筑等的)使用，居住，占用 the act of living in or using a building, room, piece of land, etc.occupy vt. 占据，占领；居住；使忙碌occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth. 使某人忙于某事sb. be occupied with sth./in doin
25、g sth. 某人忙于某事stressfulPerhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空Things can easily go wrong when people are under _ (压力，紧张)It was a s_ time for all of us.答案：stressstressful(2)单句语法填空
26、Some people have to lead _ (stress) lifestyles out of necessity._ the stress of bad weather the ship had to return.The heavy tractors put stress _ the stone bridge.答案：stressfulUnderon(3)单句写作搬到新房子是一种压力很大的经历。_她十分注重守时。_答案：Moving to a new house is a very stressful experience.She lays great stress on pun
27、ctuality.adj. 压力重的，紧张的 causing a lot of anxiety and worrystress n. 压力，紧张 vt. 强调，着重put/place/lay stress on/upon sb./sth. 给某人/物施加压力；注重under the stress of . 在压力下pressure n. 压力.阅读(2019四川省棠湖中学高三二诊)Several Jobs That Will Be Automated By Artificial Intelligence(AI) And RobotsTranslatorImage recognition sof
28、tware and voice recognition software are bringing some major advances to language translation.Applications like Googles Word Lens can translate words from signs and documents in real time and there are a lot of translation apps that allow you to type in a word or phrase and will translate it for you
29、.Some will even speak the phrase for you and raw wordtoword translation will be fully automated soon.Fast food workersAutomated ordering booths have already made their way into a few McDonalds restaurants around the world，and cooking positions could be removed next.The booths probably cant handle cu
30、stomer service problems well, so televideo systems could bring in an office employee to deal with complaints.Field technicianNew advances in the Internet of Things could make this work obsolete.Lowcost sensors combined with high availability cellular/satellite communications and cloud technology are
31、 being started to automate and alarm these sites, and can be checked and maintained from a desktop or mobile device.Sales representativeBut, ecommerce is changing how we make purchasing decisions, especially those where there isnt much differentiation among the major competitors.If youre selling a h
32、ighdifferentiation product and/or a highprice, lowvolume product you have some job security, but if youre selling a highvolume, lowdifferentiation product, you better start polishing your resume, said Doug Camplejohn, CEO of Fliptop.“These kind of product sales are all moving online.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文
33、章主要介绍了几个可以被人工智能和机器人自动操作的工作。人工智能终将改变世界，而由其导致的大规模失业和全球经济结构(global economic structure)的调整，显然属于人工智能“无情”的一面。我们在面对即将到来的专业选择时，一定要对该行业的就业前景有所考量。1What can Googles Word Lens do?ATranslate by image and voice recognition software.BSpeak the phrase or word for you.CMake realtime translation.DAllow you to type in
34、 a word or phrase.答案：C细节理解题。根据Translator部分第一段最后一句可知Googles Word Lens可以进行实时翻译，故选C。2What can we infer from the second part?AAll the restaurants own automated ordering booths.BService problems cant be handled automatically.CCooks will not be automated by AI and robots.DCustomers will have no complaints
35、 because of AI.答案：B细节理解题。根据Fast food workers部分最后一句中的“The booths probably cant handle customer service problems well”可知，服务问题不能被自动处理，故选B。3What does the underlined word “obsolete” mean in Part 3?AAbandoned. BWelcome.CForbidden. DEfficient.答案：A词义猜测题。根据Field technician部分第二段可知低成本的传感器结合可用性高的蜂窝/卫星通信和云技术正在实现
36、站点自动化、安装警报系统，并且可以通过桌面或移动设备进行检查和维护。因此推断机器可以取代人力，故可以推断出“New advances in the Internet of Things could make this work obsolete.”这句话的意思是物联网的新改进，可以使得这项工作被废弃。故画线词意思为“废弃”。故选A。recognition n. 认出；识别；承认translate v. 翻译；(使)转变polish v. 修改；润色resume n. 简历；概要(第一段第二句)Applications like Googles Word Lens can translate w
37、ords from signs and documents in real time and there are a lot of translation apps that allow you to type in a word or phrase and will translate it for you.译文：像谷歌的Word Lens这样的应用程序可以实时地从符号和文档中翻译单词，还有很多翻译应用程序可以让你输入一个单词或短语，并为你翻译它。分析：本句中第一个and连接两个并列句；在后半句的there be句型中，that引导的定语从句，修饰apps。(2019全国卷)“You can
38、 use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help f
39、or an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on . At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, Ill
40、do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for endofseason gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member
41、of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the seas
42、on comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, Im pretty sure volunte
43、ering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者自己参与并鼓励他人参与志愿工作的经历，论述了志愿工作的独特意义。志愿服务付出的是劳动，得到的内心的成长(an offer of labour and gain of inner growth)。中学生通
44、过参加志愿服务可以提前体验踏入社会的感觉。4What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?AShe knows little about the club.BShe isnt good at sports.CShe just doesnt want to volunteer.DShes unable to meet her schedule.答案：C推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，这位家长要求把她当作最后的选择，如果没人愿意做，她再做。由此推知她不愿意参与志愿者活动。另外，第三段第二句中的“the unwil
45、ling parent”也印证了答案。5What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?AEncourage teamwork. BAppeal to feelings.CPromote good deeds. DProvide advice.答案：B词义猜测题。根据画线短语前一句可知，这位家长可能需要一点点劝说。随后作者对这位家长进行了举例劝说：一位有四个孩子的单亲在主持这次活动，一位孩子不在此队的父亲担任长曲棍球队的教练。这些例子都是为了吸引这位家长来做志愿工作，故答案为B。6Wha
46、t can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?AShe gets interested in lacrosse.BShe is proud of her kids.CShell work for another season.DShe becomes a good helper.答案：D推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，这位不情愿的家长在参与了这项活动后，安排用餐时间、发送电子邮件、筹款买赛季末礼物，每件事都安排得很妥当。在这个过程中，她最终成为团队中非常宝贵的一员，这说明这位开始不情愿参加的家长最终成为团队里的一个好帮手。7Why do
47、es the author like doing volunteer work?AIt gives her a sense of duty.BIt makes her very happy.CIt enables her to work hard.DIt brings her material rewards.答案：B推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者之所以喜欢做志愿工作，是因为这使她很快乐。heartstring n. 心弦endofseason adj. 季末的relief n. 轻松；减轻；宽慰end up 结束(第四段第二句)That relief is coupled with
48、 a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.伴随这种轻松感觉的是深入地理解了为什么同样的人们会一直回来做更多的事情：当你大量地付出你的时间、金钱、技术或服务时，和社区的联系会提供一种真正的快乐。(2018全国卷)While famous foreign architects are inv
49、ited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49yearold Chinese architect, wo
50、n the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prizewhich is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园
51、) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of
52、the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention tha
53、nks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang be
54、lieves traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed，” he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been
55、 developing and that are still being created，” he said.“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.The study of traditions should be combine
56、d with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中体现了中国传统文化和现代建筑的和谐平衡，获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖普利策奖，这意味着中国建筑师得到了国际社会的认可。孕育着中国文化精神的“中国元素”将会为中国品牌走向世界奠定自信，中学生应努力学习中国传统文化，承担起将其融入世界、影响世界(embrace the world and influence the world)的时代使命。8W
57、angs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are _.Afollowing the latest world trendBgetting international recognitionCworking harder than ever beforeDrelying on foreign architects答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利策奖，而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑师得到了国际社会的认可。故B项正确。9What impressed v
58、isitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?AIts hilly environment.BIts large size.CIts unique style.DIts diverse functions.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述，尤其是该段最后一句可知，它独特的设计风格，给参观者留下了极为深刻的印象，故C正确。10What made Wangs architectural design a success?AThe mixture of different shapes.BThe balance of East and West
59、.CThe use of popular techniques.DThe harmony of old and new.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者Tadao Ando的评语可知，王澍设计的成功之处在于他把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者之间的和谐平衡，故D正确。11What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?ASpread them to the world. BPreserve them at museums.CTeach them in universities. DRecr
60、eate them in practice.答案：D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中“In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created”可知，对传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是虚假的和空洞的，故D正确。abundant adj. 大量的；丰富的；充裕的mixture n. 混合；结合体combine vt. 联合，(使)结合make great efforts to do sth. 努力做某事(第一段)W
61、hile famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.译文：当外国著名建筑师被邀请来设计中国地标性建筑，如央视新总部大楼和国家大剧院的时候，许多优
62、秀的中国建筑师也在努力取得主导地位。分析：这是一个主从复合句，复合句中while引导时间状语从句，主句是many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage。在从句中用such as引出例子来解释landmark buildings。(2016全国卷)You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed
63、below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting educa
64、tion and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollutio
65、n and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator
66、(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (19132005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her sim
67、ple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去100年里四位很有影响力的杰出女性。巾帼英雄，不让须眉(Females are as excellent as their ma
68、le peers)。女生们可以从这些优秀的女性楷模中汲取力量，成就自我。12What is Jane Addams noted for in history?AHer social work.BHer teaching skills.CHer efforts to win a prize. DHer community background.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句和第二句可知Jane Addams帮助穷人，为和平而努力，做出了很大的贡献，因此选A项。13What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law fir
69、m?AHer lack of proper training in law. BHer little work experience in court.CThe discrimination against women. DThe poor financial conditions.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句可知：Sandra Day OConnor 1952年在斯坦福法学院毕业之后，因为是一位女性而不能在律师事务所找到工作，由此可判断当时社会对妇女的歧视，故选C项。14Who made a great contribution to the civilrights moveme
70、nt in the US?AJane Addams. BRachel Carson.CSandra Day OConnor. DRosa Parks.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第五段第四句中的“kicked off the civilrights movement”可判断Rosa Parks为民权运动做出了贡献，故选D项。15What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?AThey are highly educated.BThey are truly creative.CThey are pioneers. DThey ar
71、e peacelovers.答案：C推理判断题。根据全文中四名女士在不同领域做出的贡献可知，她们是自己领域中的先锋人物，故选C项。movement n. 运动；活动raise awareness of 提高的意识boycott n. (对某事物的)抵制set off 引起；出发，动身(第二段第一句)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.任何一个受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。.写作新题型应用文根据下列表格信息，写一篇日记，词数80左右，不要逐句翻译。地点北戴河
72、交通方式乘校车出发时间上午7：30到达时间上午9：30活动内容上午：在海滩上玩游戏；游泳；在饭店吃午饭下午：沿海边步行去北戴河；照相；玩得很开心返回时间下午5：00_精彩范文July 5th, Saturday, fineToday we had a short trip to Beidaihe. We set out by bus at seven thirty am. The weather was pleasant and every one of us was excited. After two hours ride, we arrived there at nine thirty.
73、 We began our activities as soon as we got off the bus. We played games on the sands and swam in the sea happily. After that, we had lunch in a restaurant. In the afternoon we walked along the beach to Beidaihe. Many photos were taken there. We enjoyed ourselves very much. It was five oclock when we returned safely.写作点拨日记是记录日常生活内容的载体。日记分为记事型、议论型、描写型和抒情型。日记的内容来自我们对生活的观察。因此，它可以记录事物，写人，描述事物，描绘场景以及记录活动。无论我们在一天中做了什么，看到了什么，听到了什么，想到了什么，都可以成为日记的内容。