1、Unit 3 Diverse Cultures.阅读理解Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the
2、 Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two
3、 years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Da
4、wson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of thes
5、e stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling
6、down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and goto see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson Cityits present population is 762.这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Dawson这座城市
7、的发展原因、过程与现状。1What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture. B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position. D. Its favourable climate.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in thes
8、e places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意。而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正确。2What do we know about those who first dug for gol
9、d in Dawson?ATwothirds of them stayed there.BOne out of five people got rich.CAlmost everyone gave up.DHalf of them died.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. 可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4 000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，故B正确。3What was the main reason for many people to leave
10、 Dawson?AThey found the city too crowded.BThey wanted to try their luck elsewhere.CThey were unable to stand the winter.DThey were short of food.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听
11、说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。故B正确。4What is the text mainly about?AThe rise and fall of a city. BThe gold rush in Canada.CJourneys into the wilderness. DTourism in Dawson.答案：A解析：主旨大意题。第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawson这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文围绕Dawson这个城市的发展与起伏。故A正确。.七选五Please wear
12、 loose clothing, mostly cotton. It is obvious that wearing clothing that is loose rather than tight is welcomed in summer. 1 . This carries away the warmth that your body produces and allows cooler air to flow back in. 2 . When its really hot out, materials that “breathe”allowing the flow of air thr
13、ough the fabric (衣料) itselfalso work to keep you cool. Cotton and linen are among the most breathable fabrics，so look for clothes made of those substances.Your body controls its temperature via a small peanutshaped section of the brain known as the hypothalamus (下丘脑). 3 . It turns the temperature up
14、 or down based on various factorssuch as how cold or hot the skin is.Certain parts of the skin have a larger influence than others. 4 . They get their name because you can feel your pulse there, and the reason you can do that is because vessels are so close to the edge of your skin that one can easi
15、ly hear or feel the flow of blood.When you want to lower your body temperature, cooling those pulse points with cold water or ice sends a signal to the brain that says, “Turn cold.” 5 . Focus on pulse points that are easy to reach: the insides of your wrists, the area around your temple, and your ne
16、ck. Holding an ice pack or even a cold washcloth against the skin on these regions will make your entire body feel cooler.AIt allows air to flow past the skinBSweating helps to cool off the skinCThese areas are called pulse points (脉冲点)DThe type of fabric you wear has an influence, tooEThis fools yo
17、ur brain into turning down its thermostat (恒温器)FThis region works almost like a thermostat in a homeGExercising in extreme heat is usually not recommended本文是一篇说明文。在夏天穿宽松而不是紧身的衣服是受欢迎的。文章讲述这样的衣服在夏天是如何让你凉快的。1A解析：上文提示“很明显，在夏天穿宽松而不是紧身的衣服是受欢迎的。”承接上文，A项It allows air to flow past the skin.(它允许空气流过皮肤)切题。该项中的
18、it指代上文中的clothing that is loose rather than tight。故选A。2D解析：下文提示“当天气真的很热的时候，可以呼吸的材料允许空气通过织物本身也能让你保持凉爽。”承接下文，D项The type of fabric you wear has an influence, too(你穿什么面料也有影响)切题。该项中的fabric和下文中的materials相吻合。故选D。3F解析：上文提示“你的身体通过大脑中一个叫作下丘脑的花生形状的小区域来控制温度。”承接上文，F项 This region works almost like a thermostat in
19、a home(这个区域的工作原理就像家里的恒温器)切题。该项中的This region指上文中的hypothalamus。故选F。4C解析：下文提示“它们得名是因为你能感觉到脉搏，而你能感觉到脉搏的原因是因为血管离你的皮肤边缘很近，你很容易听到或感觉到血流。”承接下文，C项These areas are called pulse points (脉冲点)(这些区域被称为脉冲点)切题。下文解释怎样得名，所以该项符合句意。故选C。5E解析：上文提示“当你想要降低体温时，用冷水或冰冷却这些脉搏点会向大脑发出一个信号，说变冷。”承接上文，E项This fools your brain into tur
20、ning down its thermostat (恒温器)(这会让你的大脑降低温度)切题。故选E。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。I fetched my mail as usual. Suddenly a colorful flyer (传单) jumped into my sight. In the middle was a drawing of an oldfashioned phone, like the one my greataunt Sara had owned 40 years ago and at
21、 the bottom was a phone number. Running my eyes over it, I couldnt help laughing.“Is that mail funny？” my tenyearold daughter, Jenny, asked.“Not really，” I admitted. “Its about Wakeup Service. Outdated already.”“Whats that？” she frowned (皱眉). I explained how, before smartphones, people sometimes pai
22、d someone to wake them with a call.“Who sent this flyer？” she pressed.I shook my head. “Probably someone older and he could use some money.” I said.Her eyes lit up. “Can we order a wakeup？” she asked.“No kidding. With smart phones at hand, who will need it? And its no cheap at all. $2.5 per day.” I
23、picked up the flyer and headed for the recycling bin.“Wait！” she shouted.“I feel sorry for the wakeup man, if he needs some money，” she said, tearing up. “Cant we order？”I looked at the flyer with its drawing of an oldfashioned phone. I remembered, again, my greataunt Sara and her old phone. As a ki
24、d, Id visited her over Labor Day when Jerry Lewis would host his charity (慈善) event for the disabled kids. Aunt Sara would grasp my hand tightly, and then reach for the telephone, dialing the number on the screen. Holding the receiver between us, wed announce to the operator, “Wed like to help those
25、 kids.”But now here was my own child, showing the same big heart Id once been encouraged to have, and how could I ignore (不理睬) her? I Googled flyers telephone number. The number belonged to a man called Raymond.答案Paragraph 1：Jenny dialed the number. To her surprise, the voice was quite young, soft a
26、nd friendly. “Can I order the Wakeup Service？” Jenny asked. “Sure. At your service all the time”， Raymond replied. “How about 6 oclock tomorrow？” “No problem.” “I will call you every five minutes until you get up.” Suddenly a strong sense of warmth and joy filled her heart like the sunshine.Paragrap
27、h 2：“Ring, ring, ring” went the phone at 6 oclock sharp. In no time Jenny jumped to her feet and picked up the phone. “Good morning.” came the same voice. “Morning”， Jenny was too excited to continue the conversation. “Uh, huh ” she rubbed her eyes and asked, “How should I pay you？” “Apple pay.” “Wh
28、at？！” Jenny screamed. As if having read her mind, Raymond said calmly, “Technology cannot really replace humans but humans cannot live without technology either. By the way, $2 out of $2. 5 will be given away to a charity for kids. Thank you for your kindness! Expect another service for you. Have a good day！”