1、Does hamburger come from China?The worlds first hamburger doesnt come from where you think it comes from.It wasnt invented in the United States,and it didnt originate in Germany.Yes,the worlds first hamburger comes from China.If youre scratching your head right now,youre not alone.But Chinese hambur
2、gers are very real and they definitely predate the hamburgers we call our own in the US.Known as roujiamo,which translates to“meat burger”or“meatsandwich”，they consist of chopped meat inside a pita-like bun(圆面包),and theyve been around since the Qin Dynasty,from about 211 BC to 207 BC.Despite the dif
3、ferences betweenthis Chinese streetfood and our American-style burgers,the roujiamo has been called the worlds first hamburger.The roujiamo originated in the Shaanxi Province of China,and is now eaten all over the country.Its typically prepared and eaten on the street.The dough for the bun,or mo,con
4、sists of a simple mixture of wheat flour,water and maybe yeast.Of course recipes may vary,but this basic equation makes for a chewy and subtle pillow for the delicious filling.While the mois traditionally baked in a clay oven,today its often fried in a pan.They may look a little like Chinese steamed
5、 buns or baos,but the dough for those are,of course,steamed,not baked or fried.The meat filling might consist of chopped pork,beef,lamb or chicken that has been stewed with a variety of spices(香料),like ginger(姜),cloves(丁香)and star anise(八角).You might also find herbs like cilantro(香菜)or greens like l
6、ettuce garnishing(加饰菜于)the sandwich.多积词汇originate vi.发源；起源predate vt.在日期上早于(先于)chop vt.剁碎；砍dough n.生面团yeast n.酵母equation n.等式；相等chewy adj.耐嚼的stew vt.炖原文呈现读文清障Passage 1Chinese people think a lot about food.In fact,I think that they are sometimes obsessed with it.My first experience of this aspect of
7、Chinese culture came at a banquet during a trip to Beijing in 1998.obsess/bses/v.使着迷 be obsessed with/by 着迷于aspect n方面 banquet/bkwt/n.宴会Section Introduction&Reading Pre-reading原文呈现读文清障I had eaten Chinese food often,but I could not have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.The first
8、six or seven dishes seemed to fill the table,with plates dangerously balancedone on top of another.dish/d/n.一道菜balance v使保持平衡，立稳balance.on.把 平稳地放在上面with plates.是 with复合结构，在句中作状语。原文呈现读文清障I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served，and I started eating greedily.Everyon
9、e else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down,continuing to chat .“They cant have very big appetites，”I thought.to be served 是动词不定式的被 动 式 作 后 置 定 语，修 饰dishes，表示将来的动作。greedily/gridli/adv.贪婪地greed n贪心，贪婪 greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的everyone else 其他人，else 修饰不定代词或不定副词时，必须后置。chopstick/tp
10、stk/n.(常复)筷子a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子continuing to chat 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。原文呈现读文清障To my surprise ，more dishes arrived,plus soups,side dishes,and desserts.There was enough to feed a whole army.No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish;they knew what was still to come.But I was alrea
11、dy so full that I could only watch as the banquet continued.to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是；若修饰此类短语，可在 to 前面加上 much或 greatly。dessert/dzt/n.甜食desert n沙漠 v.遗弃，擅离no wonder 难怪 Its no wonder that.难怪本句是 so.that.结构，句中 as 引导了一个时间状语从句。第一篇 第 12 段译文中国人对食物想法颇多。事实上，我觉得他们有时候对此到了痴迷的程度。我第一次体验中国文化的这一方面是于 1998 年在北京旅游时的一次宴会上
12、。我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没有想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。首先上来的六七个菜好像就已经填满了桌子，盘子都很危险地交互摞着。我以为这么多的食物就是所有要上的菜了，便开始贪婪地吃起来。其他的人都只是对每个菜尝了一点儿，然后放下筷子继续聊天。我想：“他们可能胃口不好。”使我惊奇的是，更多的菜又被端上来了，加上汤、小菜及甜点，这些菜够一整个军队的人吃了。怪不得跟我一起的客人们每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。但是我已经吃得太饱了，以至于宴席还继续着的时候我只有看的份儿了。原文呈现读文清障that.every animal 是表语从句。much to the horror of sb.令某
13、人深感恐怖的是intestine/Intestn/n.(常复)肠tongue/t/n.舌头 hoof/huf/n.(猪、牛等的)蹄21 end up 结束；(尤指经历一系列意料 之 外 的 事 情 后)最 终 处于end.with 以结束22 the first time 是名词词组，起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。23 chew/tu/v.咀嚼Another aspect of“food culture”is that the Chinese seem to eat almost every part of every animal much to the horror of many wes
14、terners.Stomach,intestines ，ears,tongue，tail,hoof，and lungs are all likely to end up21on the dinner table in front of you.The first time22 I saw a three-year-old kid cheerfullychewing23 a chickens head I had bad dreams for weeks.原文呈现读文清障24 on a trip to 在去的旅行中25 feel like 想要(后接动名词形式)26 delicacy/delks
15、i/n.佳肴，珍馐27 pulling at his own ear 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。28 must have thought“一定认为”，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。These days I enjoy that sort of food myself.On a recent trip to24 the United States I suddenly felt like25some Chinese delicacies 26，and asked the guy at the meat counter of a supermarket,“Do you have pigs ears？”
16、“No，”he said,pulling at his own ear27，“just these ordinary ones.”He must have thought28 I was joking.原文呈现读文清障29 that 引导的定语从句，修饰foods。30 infamous/Infms/adj.臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的31get used to 习惯于 be used to do 被用来做be/get/become used to doing习惯于做32 when I got used to it 是时间状语从句。However,there are other kinds of f
17、oods that have taken longer for me to accept29.The infamous 30choudoufu is an example.(The name says it all:“stinky tofu”)Just when I got used to31 it32，原文呈现读文清障33 appetising/ptaIzI/adj.开胃的，增进食欲的34 that 引导的定语从句，修饰 substance。35 someday adv.(将来)有一天 one day(过去或将来)有一天I found another variety on a trip to
18、 Hunan:deep-fried choudoufu,a horrible black substance that looked and smelled about as appetising33as a burnt tennis shoe 34.Maybe Ill get used to that,too someday35.第 35 段译文 中国“饮食文化”的另外一方面是中国人似乎会食用几乎所有动物的任一部位这令很多西方人深感恐怖。胃、肠子、耳朵、舌头、尾巴、蹄子以及肺都可能在你面前的餐桌上被消灭掉。我第一次看到一个三岁的孩子欢快地嚼着一个鸡头时，我做了好几周的噩梦。如今我自己也喜欢上
19、了那类食物。在最近一次到美国的旅行中，我突然想吃一些中国的美味，然后就问一家超市里卖肉的柜台前的一个小伙子：“你这儿有猪耳朵吗？”“没有，”他拽着自己的耳朵说，“只有这些普通的。”他肯定以为我在开玩笑。然而，也有一些食物让我花了更长的时间才接受得了。“臭名昭著”的臭豆腐就是一个例子。从名字上就全看出来了：“发臭的豆腐”。就在我刚刚习惯了它的味道的时候，我在到湖南的一次旅行中又发现了另外一种：油炸臭豆腐，令人恐怖的黑乎乎的一团，看起来、闻起来都像是一只烧焦了的网球鞋。或许有那么一天我也会习惯吃它的。原文呈现读文清障Passage 2The first time I ate British foo
20、d I was in the canteen of a London publisher.Some people just sat down on the sofa to eat.I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by the food.be amazed at 因而惊讶amazing adj.令人惊讶的manner/mn/n.方式；方法good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌while 在此处表示对比。feeling.the food
21、是现在分词短语作伴随状语。原文呈现读文清障At the counter there were colourful mixtures in eight or nine big boxes.It was quite hard to make outwhat they contained.The waiter put these foods inside bread or potatoes according to peoples requirements.I still remember what I ate:a tuna fish and cheese sandwich.make out 看出，
22、理解It was quite hard to make out.中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是“to make out.”。requirement/rkwamnt/n.要求后跟同位语从句时，从句 的 谓 语 动 词 要 用“(should)动词原形”。tuna/tjun/n.金枪鱼原文呈现读文清障It didnt actually taste bad,but to me the cold fish,cold cheese,and even the bread from the fridge,was a meal that would make you feel cold inside.La
23、ter,I found out that British people like cold food.Their salad,for example,is made from vegetables which are only washed before serving ，while Chinese food is prepared more carefully.The Chinese have a fixed phrase“cold leftovers”.Cold food means poverty you dont give it to a guest!No wonder western
24、ers like Chinese food.that would make you feel cold inside是定语从句，修饰 a meal。find out 发现，弄明白be made from 由制成(看不出原材料)be made of 由制成(能看出原材料)be made into 被制成which are only washed before serving 是 定 语 从 句，修 饰vegetables。fixed/fkst/adj.固定的第二篇 第 1 段译文我第一次吃英国食物是在一家伦敦出版社的餐厅。有些人就坐在沙发上吃着自己的食物。我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那
25、儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。柜台前的八九个大盒子里装着各色的混在一起的东西。很难弄清楚它们究竟是什么做的。服务人员按照各人的要求往面包或者土豆里面塞入这些食物。我仍然记得我吃的东西：一条金枪鱼和奶酪三明治。味道确实不错，但是冰冷的金枪鱼，冰冷的奶酪，甚至连面包也是刚从冰箱里拿出来的，这些让我知道一顿饭居然可以让人吃得透心凉。后来，我发现英国人喜欢吃冷食。比如，他们做沙拉的蔬菜只是在上菜前洗一洗，然而中国的食物却要准备得更精细。中国人有个成语叫“残羹冷炙”。冷菜冷饭意味着贫穷你是不会用它来招待客人的！怪不得西方人喜欢中国食物。原文呈现读文清障I also learned that the Eng
26、lish like to mix food before serving it at the table.I once ordered mushroomsoup in a restaurant and was astonished when it was brought to the table.It seemed to be just a bowl of grey liquid and it was only after I had tasted it that I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.mushroom/mrum/n.蘑菇it
27、 was.that.是强调句，强调时间状语 only after I had tasted it。原文呈现读文清障The things inside sandwiches and baked potatoes are also various kinds of mashed food,like the fillings of jiaozi in Beijing.The food here goes against the Chinese sense of beauty and style at the dinner table.Chinese dishes can be photographe
28、d and have a nice appearance.We would never mash food into an unrecognisable shape.mash/m/v.捣烂，捣成泥状filling/fl/n.馅go against 违反，与不符can be photographed 是含情态动词的被动语态。unrecognisable/nrekgnazbl/adj.无法辨认的原文呈现读文清障Whats more21，the names of many kinds of English food are hard to remember22.In fact,they often
29、use French or Italian words.But one thing I do23 admire is the polite manner in which British people eat,even if it is just a potato.21 whats more 此外，而且22 be hard to remember 很难记住23 do 用来强调动词，常译为“确实，的确”。第 23 段译文 我还知道了英国人喜欢搅拌食物，然后再端上桌。一次我在饭店里点了蘑菇汤，刚端上桌来的时候吓了我一跳。看上去那只是一碗灰色的汤，我尝了一下后才知道那确实是用蘑菇做的。夹在三明治和烤
30、土豆里面的东西也都是各种捣烂的食物，和北京的饺子馅儿很相似。这里的饮食跟中国人在餐桌上的美学原则大相径庭。中国菜外观非常好看，可以拍照。我们永远不会把食物捣成一种无法辨认的形状。此外，许多种英国菜的名字也很难记住。事实上，它们经常使用法文或者意大利文。但是的确让我非常佩服的一件事是英国人吃饭的礼貌举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，他们也会吃得斯斯文文。.Match the word with its meaning.1owe A一道菜2taste B甜食3obsess C臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的4banquet D咀嚼5dish E贪婪地6greedily F方式；方法7chopstick G要求8de
31、ssert H宴会9chew I固定的10infamous J使着迷11appetising K无法辨认的12manner L(常复)筷子13requirement M开胃的，增进食欲的14fixed N应给予15unrecognisable O味道答案：15 NOJHA 610 ELBDC 1115 MFGIK.Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.1Many boys are obsessed with football.2What you had done went against his wishes.3He has go
32、t used to living in such difficult conditions.4He has passed the exam.No wonder he is so happy.5There are so many people at the school gate that I cant makeout what happened.6In order to end up in success,he worked very hard.7What we have in common is the habit of early rising.对着迷违反，违背习惯于难怪看出；理解结束与有
33、共同点.Look at the following pictures and tell what they are.答案：chopsticks fork and knife salad cheese sandwiches soup dumplings.What are the two biggest fast food restaurants in the world?答案：KFC and McDonalds.Fast-readingChoose the best summary of each passage.1Passage 1：AThe writer doesnt like Chines
34、e food.BThe writer hasnt got used to most Chinese food yet.CThe writer likes most Chinese food.2Passage 2：AThe writer doesnt like British food.BThe writer doesnt like the way British food is prepared and served.CThe writer doesnt like the way the British eat.答案：12 CB.Careful-readingRead the text car
35、efully and choose the best answer.1It seems that the writer in Passage 1 felt _ to find so many dishes were served at a banquet.Adisappointed BinterestedCsurprised Dterrible2We can infer from Passage 1 that the writer _.Ahas a low opinion of Chinese foodBgets a good impression of Chinese foodCthinks
36、 Chinese people waste lots of foodDthinks the people at the table have small appetites3From Passage 2,we know that Chinese food _.Apays much attention to its beauty and style besides the tasteBincludes various kinds of mashed food Coften has an unrecognisable shapeDis prepared with little care4What
37、impresses the writer most according to Passage 2?AThe taste of British food.BThe names of British food.CThe styles of British food.DThe manner in which the British eat.答案：14 CBAD.Study-readingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Their salad,for example,is made from vegetables which
38、 are only washed before serving,while Chinese food is prepared more carefully.句式分析 本句由表示对比的 while 连接一个复合句和一个简单句；while 前的复合句中，for example 作插入语，which 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 vegetables。尝试翻译 _比如说他们做色拉的蔬菜只是在吃前洗一洗，然而中国的食物准备得更精细。2It seemed to be just a bowl of grey liquid and it was only after I had tasted it that I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.句式分析尝试翻译 _看上去那只是一碗灰色的汤，直到我尝了一下才知道那实际上是用蘑菇做的。“课时跟踪检测”见“Module 3 课时跟踪检测（一）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看