1、2021年高考适应性练习(二)英 语注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe Best Books to Give as Graduation GiftsAny recent graduate wil
2、l enjoy reading through these books that make excellent graduation giftsThis Is Water by David Foster WallacePerfect for：All gradsHeres why：David Foster Wallace only delivered one graduation address in his career，and his message was so lasting that the entire speech was published in hardcoverWhats u
3、nique about Wallaces words：Though he warns graduates of the ordinariness of day-to-day adult life，he reminds them that their newly acquired skills can help them maintain awareness and sympathy as they move forward for success Bounce by Matthew SyedPerfect for：Both artists and athletesHeres why：In th
4、is optimistic guide to success，the United Kingdom table tennis champion Syed combines detailed research with his own experiences to backhand the general perception that talent is merely based on genetics(基因)In studying the achievements of great artists，composers，and athletes，Syed finds they have one
5、 thing in common：hours，and hours，and hours of practiceabout 10，000 hours eachLeave Your Mark by Aliza LichtPerfect for：The ambitious recent-grad trying to figure out how to make itHeres why：This is not just a career advice book，but a whole instructor in novel formFamous fashion communications execut
6、ive(总监)Aliza Licht shares her secrets for successful personal branding(品牌)and how to do well as someone just starting their careerIts just like meeting someone for coffee and career advice but in written form Rising Strong by Bren BrownPerfect for：People looking for ways to handle rejection betterHe
7、res why：Rejection is part of life，but it takes time to learn how to handle itIn this advicefilled book，Bren Brown teaches readers how to make the most out of rejections and failures that unavoidably happenReading it will make you view rejection emails in a new light1. What message is conveyed in the
8、 book This Is Water?A. Treasure every critical moment in lifeB. Learn to expand the comfort zoneC. Keep mastering various skillsD. Dig into recipes for success2. What can we learn from the book Bounce?A. Constant dropping wears the stoneB. Hope for the best，prepare for the worstC. A thousand-mile jo
9、urney begins with a single stepD. Success is how high you bounce when you hit bottom3. Whose book is targeted at an unsuccessful jobseeker?A. David Foster WallaceB. Matthew SyedC. Aliza LichtD. Bren Brown【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了可以作为毕业礼物最好的几本书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据This Is Water by David Foste
10、r Wallace中的“he reminds them that their newly acquired skills can help them maintain awareness and sympathy as they move forward for success.”可知，他提醒他们，新获得的技能可以帮助他们在迈向成功的过程中保持意识和同情心。由此可知，This Is Water传达出的信息是不断掌握各种技能。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Bounce by Matthew Syed中的“In studying the achievements of great arti
11、sts，composers，and athletes，Syed finds they have one thing in common：hours，and hours，and hours of practiceabout 10，000 hours each”可知，在研究伟大的艺术家、作曲家和运动员的成就时，赛义德发现他们有一个共同之处:时间，时间，练习时间每个人大约1万个小时的练习时间。由此可知，从Bounce这本书中，我们能学到滴水穿石。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Rising Strong by Bren Brown中的“In this advicefilled book，Bre
12、n Brown teaches readers how to make the most out of rejections and failures that unavoidably happenReading it will make you view rejection emails in a new light”可知，在这本充满建议的书中，Bren Brown教授读者如何从不可避免的拒绝和失败中获得最大的收获。阅读它会让你从一个新的角度看待拒绝邮件。由此可知，Bren Brown的书是针对不成功的求职者的。故选D项。BA couple of days ago I unexpectedl
13、y lost my job. It wasnt anything too important: I was just a carrier for the Scarborough Mirror, delivering newspapers every Wednesday and Friday. But it brought in a good amount of pocket money for a student like me.During the first week of September I planned to stop my job, as I wanted to focus o
14、n my academics with school to start. I found a family on my street who were willing to take over and so I took their names anti numbers and turned them in to my district representative along with my resignation.That was last week. This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver
15、 on Wednesday. They didnt come. I just assumed there probably wasnt much to deliver so they would just give me everything tomorrow. Itd happened before so I wasnt too worried. There was a seed of doubt, however, in my mind, that maybe the handover of this job was misunderstood. But I pushed that tho
16、ught aside and just went on as usual.Wednesday morning came and the papers werent lying on my driveway as theyd done for the past 9 months. My mom reminded me to call my district representative, who told me the route had indeed been turned over to the other family. She couldnt have understood my mes
17、sage when I said I would work until September. So much for 2 more weeks of work!In a way, Im glad because I dont have to worry about delivering newspaper in the burning sun. On the other hand, I wasnt ready to give up my job so early, so the unexpected loss was a tiny blow to me.Despite these negati
18、ve feelings, Im looking forward to the next summer when Im getting promoted and my wage will rise from what I had with the job, which gave me good experience about hard work and chances to meet my neighbors.4. Why did the author plan to quit the job?A. He could barely put up with its hardship.B. He
19、hoped to shift his attention to studies.C. He had earned enough to afford schooling.D. He desired to turn it over to a needy family.5. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The family to replace me.B. Messages of my dismissal.C. The papers to be delivered.D. The district re
20、presentatives.6. What do we know about the author?A. He got fired on account of his own fault.B. He didnt have his potential appreciated.C. He didnt submit his resignation as required.D. He had intended to stop the job in late September.7. In which aspect did the author benefit from the summer job?A
21、. Learning to live with his personal imperfection.B. Establishing a closer tie with his community.C. Facilitating his organizational skills.D. Breaking the habit of laziness.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了继续学业，打算停下送报纸的工作，结果发生了一些意料之外的事情，让作者提前停下了工作，但作者还是觉得能和社区建立更紧密的联系很有益处。【4题详解】细节理解
22、题。根据第二段中“During the first week of September I planned to stop my job, as I wanted to focus on my academics with school to start.(在9月的第一周，我打算停止我的工作，因为随着开学的临近我想专注于我的学业)”可知，作者打算辞职，是因为他希望把注意力转移到学习上。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver on Wednesday
23、.”以及后文“didnt come”可知，这个星期二到了，作者本该收到星期三要送的报纸，它们没来。结合上下文语境推知画线词指的是“要送的报纸”。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“During the first week of September I planned to stop my job,(在9月的第一周，我打算停止我的工作）”，第三段的“That was last week. This Tuesday came and I was supposed to get the newspapers to deliver on Wednesday. （那是上周。这个星期二来了，我本
24、该收到周三要送的报纸。）”和倒数第三段中“She couldnt have understood my message when I said I would work until September. So much for 2 more weeks of work!(当我说我要工作到9月的时候，她可能没明白我的意思。 再工作两周！)”可知，作者在九月的第一二个星期都在工作，本打算在工作两周。由此推知，作者本来打算在九月底停止这项工作。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Despite these negative feelings, Im looking forward to t
25、he next summer when Im getting promoted and my wage will rise from what I had with the job, which gave me good experience about hard work and chances to meet my neighbors. (尽管有这些消极的感觉，我还是期待着明年夏天我得到升职，我的工资也会从我之前的工作中提高，这让我有了努力工作的好经验，也有机会认识我的邻居)”可知，作者与他的社区建立更紧密的联系，从而从暑期打工中受益。故选B。CDogs began to branch o
26、ut from wolves tens of thousands of years ago, when their wild ancestors started interacting with humans. Over time, domestication shaped their behavior, and today pet dogs are especially expert at understanding cues(暗示)from humans. For example, when a person points at a bowl, a pet dog will usually
27、 approach itll kinds of complex pointing gestures have been tried with pet dogs, and they seem to do wel1.Wolves are a different story, however. When the same experiments are done with wolves, hey seem to be quite poor at it. So theres this big open question of how dogs became dogs.Bhadra, an Indian
28、 behavioral biologist, is interested in whether dogs require training to understand cues like pointing or if the behavior is inborn. Most studies have focused on pet dogs in developed countries but Bhadra thinks its an error to neglect how stray dogs respond to human cues.In India, theres a huge pop
29、ulation of stray dogs that live on the streets for generations. The researchers felt that the free-ranging dogs were a very nice system, which could give them inputs about what dogs could have been like before being made parts of human families.For the study, the researchers approached stray dogs on
30、 the Indian streets. One experimenter presented the dogs with a piece of raw chicken in a plastic bowl. About half of the time, the dogs ran away, scared. But the friendlier dogs that stuck around were tested for their ability to respond to pointing. Once a dog proved interested, the first experimen
31、ter put chicken in one of two bowls and covered both bowls. A second experimenter, who had no knowledge of which bowl contained the meat and thus couldnt give subconscious cue information, pointed at one of the bowls while the dog watched. About 80 percent actually followed the point and went to the
32、 bowl that the second experimenter pointed toward.Bhadra thinks this demonstration provides evidence that training is not required for dogs to understand complex pointing cues. Perhaps further studies with stray dogs can help reveal more about what makes dogs the best friends of human beings.8. What
33、 does the example in paragraph 1 show about pet dogs?A. They can figure out some human gestures.B. Theyre particularly attached to their owners.C. They may make sense of specific human speech.D. Theyre easily distinguished from wolves in intelligence.9. What does the underlined word“neglect”in parag
34、raph 3 mean?A. Ignore.B. Estimate.C. Guarantee.D. Claim.10. How did the second experimenter give dogs directions?A. By mistake.B. In a logical manner.C. At random.D. Through trial and error.11. In which section of a newspaper can we read the text?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Discovery.D. Chemistr
35、y.【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述生物学家Bhadra关于狗是否需要经过训练还是天生就能理解指向之类的线索的研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“For example, when a person points at a bowl, a pet dog will usually approach it. All kinds of complex pointing gestures have been tried with pet dogs, and they seem to do wel1.（例如，当一个人指着一个碗时,宠物
36、狗通常会靠近它。人们在宠物狗身上尝试过各种复杂的指向手势, 它们似乎表现得很好。）”可知, 此处例子说明狗狗能够读懂人类的手势。故选A项。9题详解】词义猜测题。划线词所在句“Most studies have focused on pet dogs in developed countries but Bhadra thinks its an error to neglect how stray dogs respond to human cues.（大多数研究都集中在发达国家的宠物狗身上， 但巴德拉认为，忽视流浪狗对人类暗示的反应是错误的。）”中but表示前后句转折，划线词neglect和前
37、面的focused on相对，说明大多数研究都集中在宠物狗身上，忽视了流浪狗，所以neglect意为“忽视”。A. Ignore忽视；B. Estimate估计；C. Guarantee担保；D. Claim索赔。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A second experimenter, who had no knowledge of which bowl contained the meat and thus couldnt give subconscious cue information, pointed at one of the bowls while the
38、dog watched.（第二个实验者不知道哪个碗里有肉,因此无法给出潜意识的暗示信息，当狗在看的时候,他指着其中一个碗。）”可知,第二个实验者不知道哪个碗里有肉，所以他给狗随机地指了一个碗。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Bhadra, an Indian behavioral biologist, is interested in whether dogs require training to understand cues like pointing or if the behavior is inborn. Most studies have focused on
39、 pet dogs in developed countries but Bhadra thinks its an error to neglect how stray dogs respond to human cues.（印度行为生物学家Bhadra感兴趣的是，狗是否需要经过训练才能理解指向之类的线索,还是这种行为是天生的。大多数研究都集中在发达国家的宠物狗身上, 但Bhadra认为，忽视流浪狗对人类暗示的反应是错误的。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述生物学家Bhadra关于狗是否需要经过训练还是天生就能理解指向之类的线索的研究。所以可以推断,这篇文章可以在报纸的研究发现版块被读到。故选
40、C项。DWith over 4.1 billion people, or around 55 percent of the worlds population, living in urban areas, cities and towns worldwide are getting increasingly jammed. In addition to spending hours stuck in traffic, residents are also exposed to high air pollution levels caused by transportation emissio
41、ns(排放). Now, Saudi Arabia hopes to overturn urban living with “The Line”a futuristic city designed around nature, without cars, roads and crowded places! The totally different city, announced on January 10, 2021, is the brainchild of Saudi Crown Prince(王储)Mohammed bin Salman(MBS).Located in Neom, a
42、10, 000-square-mile high-tech planned development on the Red Sea coast. The Line will be the base of MBSs Saudi Vision 2030. The strategic plan aims to diversify Saudi Arabias oil-dependent economy into other fields, like tourism, and create exciting job opportunities for its citizens.The 105-mile-l
43、ong city, expected to cost between $100 billion and $200 billion, will be built along a straight line and comprise several self-sustaining communities. To ensure all services are within a short, five-minute walk, each community will feature a three-layer infrastructure(基础设施)There will be no cars or
44、roads on the top “pedestrian layer”, so residents can freely walk and bike in the surrounding green spaces. The second “service layer”, will include all essential daily services, such as schools, medical clinics, leisure facilities, and grocery stores. The third “spine layer” will house ultra-high-s
45、peed transportation and autonomous vehicles transporting residents across communities in less than 20 minutes. The entire city will be powered with renewable clean energy sources such as solar and wind, and possibly even hydrogenIf all goes according to the plan, construction of this groundbreaking,
46、 complex infrastructure project will start before the end of 2021. In addition to providing up to a million residents with a clean and stress-free living environment, the Line is expected to create 380, 000 new jobs, promote economic diversification, and contribute a shocking $48 billion to Saudi Ar
47、abias Gross Domestic Product(GDP)by 2030. More importantly, MBS believes it will provide governments worldwide a blueprint for how people and planet can co-exist in harmony.12. Where can you purchase a bike if living in The Line?A. Pedestrian layer.B. Service layer.C. Spine layer.D. The green spaces
48、.13. Which of the following can best describe the project of The Line?A. Widely-accepted.B. Ill-considered.C. Risk-taking.D. Mind-blowing.14. What does MBS think is the most important effect of The Line?A. To facilitate Saudi economic diversification.B. To offer a model for nature-man integration.C.
49、 To boost the governments finances.D. To create more job opportunities.15. What might be the best title of the text?A. Saudi Vision for Environmental ProtectionB. The Construction of The Line Is UnderwayC. MBS：An Influential Leader of Saudi ArabiaD. MBS Vision of a Futuristic Zero Carbon City【答案】12.
50、 B 13. D 14. B 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯王储MBS预设的有关未来低碳生活的蓝图“The Line”计划一个围绕自然设计的未来主义城市。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“The second “service layer”，will include all essential daily services，such as schools，medical clinics，leisure facilities，and grocery stores（第二个“服务层”将包括所有基本的日常服务，如学校、诊所、休闲设施和杂货店。）”可知，“服务层”
51、将包括基本的日常生活服务，因此可以推知，可以在“服务层”购买自行车。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to providing up to a million residents with a clean and stress-free living environment, The Line is expected to create 380，000 new jobs，promote economic diversification, and contribute a shocking $48 billion to Saudi Arabias Gros
52、s Domestic Product(GDP)by 2030. More importantly，MBS believes it will provide governments worldwide a blueprint for how people and planet can co-exist in harmony.（除了为多达100万居民提供清洁和无压力的生活环境，“The Line”预计还将创造38万个新工作岗位，促进经济多样化，到2030年为沙特阿拉伯的国内生产总值贡献令人震惊的480亿美元。更重要的是，MBS相信，它将为世界各国政府提供一个人类与地球和谐共存的蓝图。）”可知，Th
53、e Line项目预计的效果和影响是惊人的，它将为世界各国政府提供一个人类与地球和谐共存的蓝图，所以可以推断它是令人激动的。A. Widely-accepted广为接受的；B. Ill-considered欠考虑的；C. Risk-taking冒险的；D. Mind-blowing令人激动的。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“More importantly，MBS believes it will provide governments worldwide a blueprint for how people and planet can co-exist in harmony
54、.（更重要的是，MBS相信，它将为世界各国政府提供一个人类与地球和谐共存的蓝图。）”可知，MBS认为The Line工程为人与自然的和谐共存提供了一个模型。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, Saudi Arabia hopes to overturn urban living with “The Line”a futuristic city designed around nature, without cars, roads and crowded places!（现在，沙特阿拉伯希望用“The Line”来颠覆城市生活一个围绕自然设计的未来主义城市，没有汽车、道路和
55、拥挤的地方！）”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯王储MBS预设的有关未来低碳生活的蓝图“The Line”计划一个围绕自然设计的未来主义城市。D项“MBS Vision of a Futuristic Zero Carbon City（MBS的未来零碳城市愿景）”概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。An effective team defines (定义) its own success. It becomes the backbone of a
56、ny organizations positive growth and development. _16_ Here is the answer. Putting a plan into action requires a team to complete multiple tasks and then achieve the set goal. For a team to know its agenda and direction, it needs its leader. However, a leader may not always be on the right track, In
57、 such a case, a good team player is the one who tables opinions in an effective manner，making the point well understood and not just voiced. _17_ Good team players enjoy working with their teammates. They are not merely willing to share the knowledge they have, learn from someones experience and add
58、 to their pool of information. _18_They take the initiative to keep other members informed about the latest developments and motivate the rest of the team, if the need arises.Good and active listeners are significant in a team. _19_ Good listening skills mean the ability to absorb, comprehend, analy
59、ze, and consider points or working methods. Even when a member explodes with anger, being calm makes them good team players, as opposed to those who would act defensively._20_ They are committed to their common work and make efforts to overcome difficulties, sharing workload, working extra shifts an
60、d burning some midnight oil. They just do whatever it takes to meet a deadline，never sitting passively waiting for opportunities or work to walk up to them.Essentially, these qualities define a good team player. Winning as a team is more important than individual honors, as that is what will define
61、an individual as a true winner.A. Is teamwork that essential?B. But what makes a good team player?C. Good team players fill their leisure time with fun.D. They also show strong interest in the assigned projects.E. Good team players play an active role in taking up challenges.F. After all，how is it p
62、ossible for a team to function if everyone keeps talking?G. Thus constructive communication is a basic factor for being a good team player.【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述怎样成为一名好的团队成员。【16题详解】上文“An effective team defines (定义) its own success. It becomes the backbone of any orga
63、nizations positive growth and development.(一个有效的团队定义自己的成功。它成为任何组织积极成长和发展的支柱)”说明团队积极定义自己成功的重要性。根据下文第三段“Good team players enjoy working with their teammates.(好的团队合作者喜欢和他们的队友一起工作)”和第四段“Good and active listeners are significant in a team.(好的、积极的倾听者在团队中很重要)”可知，下文主要讲述怎样成为一名好的团队成员。B项“But what makes a good
64、team player?(但是怎样才能成为一名优秀的团队成员呢？)”以提问的方式引出下文，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详解】上文“In such a case，a good team player is the one who tables opinions in an effective manner，making the point well understood and not just voiced.(在这种情况下，一个好的团队合作者是能够有效地表达意见的人，能够让人很好地理解观点，而不仅仅是表达出来)”说明一个好的团队合作者能够有效沟通。G项“Thus constructi
65、ve communication is a basic factor for being a good team player.(因此，建设性的沟通是成为一个良好的团队合作者的基本因素)”总结上文观点，说明沟通在团队合作中的重要性。故选G项。【18题详解】上文“Good team players enjoy working with their teammates. They are not merely willing to share the knowledge they have, learn from someones experience and add to their pool
66、of information.(好的团队合作者喜欢和他们的队友一起工作。他们不只是愿意分享他们所拥有的知识，从别人的经验中学习，并增加他们的信息库)”说明好的团队合作者喜欢和他们的队友一起工作，愿意分享他们所拥有的知识，从别人的经验中学习。下文“They take the initiative to keep other members informed about the latest developments and motivate the rest of the team, if the need arises.(如果有需要，他们会主动让其他成员了解最新的发展，并激励团队的其他成员)”
67、说明好的团队合作者会主动让其他成员了解最新的发展。D项“They also show strong interest in the assigned projects.(他们也对所分配的项目表现出强烈的兴趣)”中的also和上文中的not merely相衔接，并列说明好的团队合作者的两种行为，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Good and active listeners are significant in a team.(好的、积极的倾听者在团队中很重要)”说明本段主要讲积极倾听在团队合作中的重要性。F项“After all, how is it possible fo
68、r a team to function if everyone keeps talking?(毕竟，如果每个人都在说话，一个团队怎么可能发挥作用呢？)”用反问的方式进一步说明在团队中好的倾听者的重要性。承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详解】从下文“They are committed to their common work and make efforts to overcome difficulties, sharing workload，working extra shifts and burning some midnight oil. They just do whateve
69、r it takes to meet a deadline, never sitting passively waiting for opportunities or work to walk up to them.(他们致力于共同的工作，努力克服困难，分担工作量，加班，熬夜。他们会尽一切努力赶在最后期限前完成任务，从不被动地坐等机会或工作到来)”可知，本段讲述好的团队工作者会积极的承担团队的工作。E项“Good team players play an active role in taking up challenges.(优秀的团队成员在接受挑战时扮演积极的角色)”说明优秀的团队成员会积
70、极地承担团队的任务和挑战，引出下文，总结全段内容，符合语境。故选E项。第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I am currently cycling trails(路线)around Australia，and am about to cycle the Nullarbor to raise funds for MS(多发性硬化症)I have MS myself and the journey _21_takes time and energy，but cycli
71、ng is a _22_ activity for meHowever，while travelling，I was _23_ to find that I had my bike stolen by a not-so-kind personThe human kindness I have been shown since this happened has been _24_ short of amazingA warm-hearted lady donated me a mountain bike in case I had to _25_ my scheduled planDue to
72、 MS，I am very short，which makes it almost _26_ to find a bike in my sizeEven so，my hometown _27_ me up，managing to help buy an extra small sized bike，which I eventually found was just my _28_ So far，people have _29_ to put me up，selflessly provided me with daily _30_ for riding long distances and pu
73、t money into my hands to let me go towards the cause，as they _31_ me from a newspaper reportMy _32_ is that there are so many kind people out thereNever can I let the unkind _33_ of so few ruin the fact that the world comprises more kind people than unkind peopleThat，in itself，is _34_. It wont be lo
74、ng before I hit that long stretch of road and do my bit to _35_ society21 A. hardlyB. undoubtedlyC. somehowD. otherwise22. A. challengingB. commercialC. pain-freeD. money-consuming23. A. discouragedB. scaredC. ashamedD. amused24. A. everythingB. somethingC. nothingD. anything25. A. cancelB. continue
75、C. makeD. update26. A. effortlessB. impossibleC. shamefulD. unreasonable27. A. broughtB. dressedC. signedD. backed28. A. choiceB. missionC. orderD. type29. A. offeredB. agreedC. promisedD. hesitated30. A. messagesB. necessitiesC. arrangementsD. vehicles31. A. recognizeB. searchC. teachD. select32. A
76、. adviceB. pointC. purposeD. intention33. A. remarksB. criticismsC. excusesD. actions34. A. differenceB. punishmentC. hopeD. trust35. A. fit in withB. give back toC. keep pace withD. hold on to【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙
77、文。作者自己患有多发性硬化症，并且正在澳大利亚各地的自行车道骑行，为多发性硬化症筹集资金。旅程中作者的自行车被盗走了，但这一不友善的行为并没有夺走作者的希望，因为有更多的人去帮助作者完成计划。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自己也患有多发性硬化症，这段旅程无疑需要时间和精力，但骑行对我来说是一项没有痛苦的活动。A. hardly几乎不；B. undoubtedly无疑；C. somehow莫名其妙地；D. otherwise否则。根据“I have MS myself”可知，作者也患有多发性硬化症，所以这段为了募捐骑行的旅程无疑是需要花费时间和精力的。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词
78、词义辨析。句意：我自己也患有多发性硬化症，这段旅程无疑需要时间和精力，但骑行对我来说是一项没有痛苦的活动。A. challenging挑战的；B. commercial商业的；C. pain-free没有痛苦的；D. money-consuming费钱的。根据“I have MS myself and the journey _1_takes time and energy, but”可知，作者认为这段旅程需要时间和精力，但其中“but”说明作者喜欢骑行，所以可以推断，骑行对作者来说是一项没有痛苦的活动。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在旅行时，我沮丧地发现我的自行车被
79、一个不太善良的人偷了。A. discouraged沮丧的；B. scared害怕的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. amused被逗乐的。根据“I had my bike stolen by a not-so-kind person”可知，作者的自行车被偷了，所以可以推断，作者感到很沮丧。故选A项。【24题详解】考查代词词义辨析，句意：自从这件事发生以来，我所感受到的人类的善意简直令人惊叹。A. everything每件事；B. something某事；C. nothing没有事；D. anything任何事。根据“A warm-hearted lady donated me a mount
80、ain bike”及下文内容可知，这件事发生之后，作者得到很多帮助，所以此处表示作者感受到很多善意，简直让人惊叹。nothing short of意为“无异于，简直就是”，符合语境。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位热心的女士捐赠给我一辆山地车，以防我不得不取消原定计划。A. cancel取消；B. continue继续；C. make制作；D. update更新。根据“in case”和空后的“my scheduled plan”可知，这位热心的女士捐赠给作者一辆山地车，以防作者不得不取消原定计划。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很矮，所以几乎不可能找到
81、一辆符合我尺寸的自行车。A. effortless不费力的；B. impossible不可能的；C. shameful可耻的；D. unreasonable不合理的。根据“I am very short”可知，作者个头很矮，所以可以推断找到一辆符合作者尺寸的自行车很难，几乎并不可能。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我的家乡还是支持我，设法买了一辆特别小的自行车，最终我发现这正是我喜欢的类型。A. brought带来；B. dressed穿衣；C. signed签名；D. backed支持。根据“managing to help buy an extra small s
82、ized bike”可知，作者的家乡设法为作者买了一辆特别小的自行车，所以看出他们支持作者。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我的家乡还是支持我，设法买了一辆特别小的自行车，最终我发现这正是适合我的类型。A. choice选择；B. mission任务；C. order命令；D. type类型。根据“managing to help buy an extra small sized bike”和空前的just可知，此处指作者的家乡为了支持作者，设法买了一辆极小的自行车，正是适合作者的类型。故选D项。29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿
83、，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. offered主动提供；B. agreed同意；C. promised承诺；D. hesitated犹豫。根据“selflessly provided me with daily”可知，此段在列举人们对作者的帮助，所以空处应该是主动提供住宿。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. messages信息；B. necessities必需
84、品；C. arrangements安排；D. vehicles工具。根据daily和空后的“for riding long distances”可知，此处指有人为作者提供生活必需品。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. recognize认出；B. search寻找；C. teach教；D. select选择。根据“from a newspaper report”可知，此处应该是有人在报纸上认出作者，所以他们把钱交给作者，让作者为这项事业捐
85、款。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想说的是，世界上有那么多善良的人。A. advice建议；B. point要点；C. purpose目的；D. intention目的。“there are so many kind people out there”是作者的一种观点，所以此处用point表示。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我绝不能让这少数不友善的行为毁掉这个世界上善良的人比不友善的人多的事实。A. remarks评论；B. criticisms批评；C. excuses借口；D. actions行动。根据“ruin the fact that the w
86、orld comprises more kind people than unkind people”可知，此处指作者经历过被偷自行车这种不友好的行为，但是作者后来得到更多人的帮助，所以作者通过亲身经历告诉我们，不能让少数不友好的行为影响我们对以善意为主导的世界的认知。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本身就是希望。A. difference不同；B. punishment惩罚；C. hope希望；D. trust详细。根据“the world comprises more kind people than unkind people”可知，相信这个世界善意比不友善多本身就能给
87、人希望。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不久我就会踏上那条漫漫长路，尽自己的一份力量回报社会。A. fit in with适应；B. give back to回馈；C. keep pace with保持同步；D. hold on to坚持。根据“do my bit to _15_ society”和文章内容可知，作者在做公益的旅途中得到了很多帮助，因此此处应该指作者希望能够很快回馈社会。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinas Wukong, a _36_ (full) autonom
88、ous submersible(潜水器)that was developed by Harbin Engineering University, has reached a maximum underwater depth of 7, 709 meters, _37_ (set) a new diving record for domestic autonomous underwater vehicles.Wukong returned to its home port of Qingdao, Shandong Province on Thursday after completing _38
89、_ third phase of its deep-sea trial.During this years deep-sea scientific expedition(探险)in the Western Pacific Ocean _39_ (organize) by the National Deep Sea Center of China from February 24 to April 1, Wukong had successfully reached a maximum deep-sea diving depth record of 7, 709 meters, _40_ bro
90、ke its previous record of 5, 213 meters.Capable _41_ full-ocean depth, it dived 5, 000 meters and 7, 000 meters respectively during the sea trials and retrieved(回收) water samples, laying a solid _42_ (found) for 11, 000-meter submersible tests. This is the second _43_ (deep)record in the world after
91、 the one set by the Russian Vityaz-D AUV.Wukong, 2 meters long, 1 meter wide and 1.3 tons in weight, completed two sea trials at a 1, 500-meter depth in 2019.Autonomous underwater vehicles _44_ (see) as one of the key emerging technologies in future naval warfare. But so far the complexity of this s
92、olution _45_ (mean) that no country in the world has fielded them operationally.【答案】36. fully 37. setting 38. the 39. organized/organised 40. which 41. of 42. foundation 43. deepest 44. are seen 45. has meant【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述中国哈尔滨工程大学研制“悟空”号全自动潜水器创下了国内自主潜水器的潜水新纪录。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：中国哈尔滨工程大学研制的“悟空
93、”号全自动潜水器最大水下深度为7709米，创下了国内自主潜水器的潜水新纪录。修饰形容词autonomous要用副词fully。故填fully。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国哈尔滨工程大学研制的“悟空”号全自动潜水器最大水下深度为7709米，创下了国内自主潜水器的潜水新纪录。分析可知，句子谓语为has reached，和空处动词无and连接，所以空处为非谓语动词，且set和其逻辑主语Chinas Wukong之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填setting。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：悟空号完成第三阶段深海试验后，于周四返回其母港山东省青岛市。修饰序数词third要用定冠词t
94、he。故填the。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今年2月24日至4月1日，在中国国家深海科学考察中心组织的西太平洋深海科学考察中，“悟空”成功地达到了7709米的深海最大下潜深度，打破了此前5213米的最高记录。分析可知，句子谓语为had reached，和空处动词无and连接，所以空处为非谓语动词，且organize和其逻辑主语expedition之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填organized/organised。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：今年2月24日至4月1日，在中国国家深海科学考察中心组织的西太平洋深海科学考察中，“悟空”成功地达到了7709米的深海最大
95、下潜深度，打破了此前5213米的最高记录。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词record of 7,709 meters，且引导词在从句中做主语，所以用which引导。故填which。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：它能够达到全海洋深度，在海试中分别下潜了5000米和7000米，并回收了水样，为11000米潜水试验奠定了坚实的基础。表示“能够做某事”为be capable of，所以空处为介词of。故填of。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：它能够达到全海洋深度，在海试中分别下潜了5000米和7000米，并回收了水样，为11000米潜水试验奠定了坚实的基础。分析可知，此处形容词solid
96、修饰名词，表示“基础”为foundation，前面有冠词a修饰，为单数。故填foundation。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是继俄罗斯Vityaz-D AUV之后的世界第二深的记录。根据“after the one set by the Russian Vityaz-D AUV”可知，此处表示这是继俄罗斯Vityaz-D AUV之后的世界第二深的记录，所以second 后跟deep的最高级来表达。故填deepest。【44题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自主水下航行器被认为是未来海战的关键新兴技术之一。分析可知，句子表达的是现在的情况，且主语Autonomous underwa
97、ter vehicles和谓语动词see之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语也要用复数。故填are seen。【45题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但到目前为止，这一解决方案的复杂性意味着世界上还没有一个国家将它们部署在战场上。分析可知，mean这一动作从过去持续到现在，有可能持续下去，所以用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，the complexity为主语，谓语用单数。故填has meant。第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，上周六是劳动节，你和同学参加了在学校蔬菜基地举行的劳动实践活动。请你给校刊“英语角”写
98、一篇英文稿件，介绍这次活动，内容包括：1活动时间、地点；2劳动过程；3个人感受。注意：1写作词数应为80左右；2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。题目：A Memorable Labor ExperienceA Memorable Labor Experience_【答案】One possible versionA Memorable Labor ExperienceLast Saturday was May Day, when my class participated in the labor practice held in our school vegetable base. At
99、dawn, we cycled to the base. On arrival, we were shown around by our teacher and then assigned different tasks. Under the teachers patient instructions, we turned over the soil, weeded, planted vegetables like tomatoes and eggplants and watered them. Looking at lines of young green vegetables, the t
100、eacher cheerfully said wed enjoy our self-grown vegetables soon, which filled us with a sense of achievement. The meaningful activity offered us a chance to learn about farming. Besides, though tired, I did feel the pleasure and value of labor.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍劳动节在学校蔬菜基地举行的劳
101、动实践活动。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：join inparticipate in指导：guidanceinstruction机会：opportunitychance此外：additionallybesides2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：The meaningful activity offered us a chance to learn about farming.拓展句：The activity was meaningful, which offered us a chance to learn about farming.【点睛】高分句型1 Last Saturday was May
102、 Day, when my class participated in the labor practice held in our school vegetable base. (运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Looking at lines of young green vegetables, the teacher cheerfully said wed enjoy our self-grown vegetables soon, which filled us with a sense of achievement. (省略that的宾语从句；运用了which引导的非
103、限制性定语从句)第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。18-year-old Sadiya was born in Deora, a small village in eastern India, but moved to the city of Mumbai when she was 3In 2020, when the pandemic(疫情)broke out, her fathers small business was forced to close temporarily and the family returne
104、d to her ancestral village to wait out the pandemic However, it greatly shocked her when she found that attending school was uncommon in Deora，where almost half of the villagers couldnt read. Unable to afford textbooks, many families often withdrew their children from schools. They didnt wish to edu
105、cate their children，many of whom had to work in the fields with parents though some had the desire to readSadiya, the college girl with a strong sense of social responsibility, has been trying to seize opportunities to open doors for others. Fluent in Hindi, Urdu, and English, she often speaks at in
106、ter-college events on the right to education and enjoys a high reputation among college students Used to taking on challenges, Sadiya was determined to do something for the children. One day last July, Sadiya sat down with her family elders and proposed the idea of setting up a library”. Many shook
107、their heads in disagreementthis wasnt how a young girl should spend her time.After many discussions, Sadiya finally convinced them and gained access to her relatives guesthouse，mending it with $67 that shed won in public-speaking awards. She took the help of her uncle, Akbar, and cousin, Nawaz, and
108、got to work. Walls were repainted，the bamboo roof was repaired and lights and bookshelves were fixed, and the room was filled with chairs and a long tableVivid charts stuck on the wallsfrom anatomy(解剖)to transportation, lightened the space. Looking at the newly-decorated“library”, Sadiya couldnt hol
109、d back her excitement while imagining the children reading books here by light. All was ready except books. So what Sadiya was desperate to do next was fill the shelves with books. She drew on all her savings and purchased many books suitable for children online.注意：1续写词数应为150左右； 2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。B
110、ut these books were far from enough_With everything ready，the library finally opened_【答案】One possible versionBut these books were far from enough. To ensure children get access to more books, Sadiya took pictures of the library and uploaded them online, calling on students to donate books to the chi
111、ldren library. Before long, hundreds of new and secondhand books poured in, but they needed checking, classifying and arranging in order on the shelves, which took Sadiya, her uncle and cousin a whole week. Tired as Sadiya was, a smile lit up her face when she pictured the scene where children were
112、buried in reading by the book-filled shelves. With everything ready, the library finally opened. Several children stepped in curiously, asking Sadiya, “Can we read the books?” “Sure. Welcome!” Sadiya encouraged them. Some chose what they liked, while others hesitated. Realizing they had trouble read
113、ing, Sadiya gathered them in a corner, teaching them from the very beginning. Soon more children joined in. Every night Sadiya spared some time to give lessons so that more children could gain knowledge from the books. Sadiyas efforts opened the wisdom door for them, which would surely make a great
114、difference to their lives.【解析】【分析】所给文章讲述印度女大学生Sadiya因为疫情回到家乡，发现那里的村民多半不识字，也不支持自己的孩子接受教育。充满社会责任感的Sadiya想为改善这种状况做点什么，她最终决定在当地建一间图书馆，她说服亲戚们同意了她的想法，并改建了一间客房，剩下的就是在里面装满图书，她用自己的积蓄在网上买了一些儿童书籍。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“但是这些书远远不够。”可知，第一段可描写Sadiya想办法为图书馆添置书籍的经过。由第二段首句内容“一切准备就绪后，图书馆终于开放了。”可知，第二段可描写图书馆开放之后Sadiya管理图书馆
115、和读者的情况。2.续写线索：图书不够-募捐书籍图书馆开放广受欢迎感悟3.词汇激活行为类参加：join in/take part in花费一些时间：spare some time/spend some time有困难：have trouble doing/have difficulty doing情绪类犹豫：hesitate/hang back鼓励：encourage/inspire【点睛】高分句型1. Before long, hundreds of new and secondhand books poured in, but they needed checking, classifyin
116、g and arranging in order on the shelves, which took Sadiya, her uncle and cousin a whole week.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型2. Tired as Sadiya was, a smile lit up her face when she pictured the scene where children were buried in reading by the book-filled shelves.（运用了过去分词作状语；由when引导的时间状语从句；由关系副词where引导的定语从句）
