1、天津市河东区2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺（10）及答案阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。ACensus figures (调查数据) published last Friday indicate that the number of women in management jobs rose by 95% between 1980 and 1990. Most evidence shows that women are still in the lowest class of management and in the lo
2、west-paying industries. I first noticed that girls were different from boys when I was about 4 years old. No experiences either in my personal life or in my business life have caused me to change my opinion. Throughout my adult life, however, I have had to evaluate again and again these differences
3、between men and women and how they affect the way men and women relate to one another and to the environment in which they work. Working with women has given me deep understanding I would never have gained in any other way. Women are working at a decided disadvantage in the business world created by
4、 men to make things comfortable for men. To me, this means men often understand the rules without having to be taught or even having to think about them. It is not so easy for women. If I may fall back on typically male sports terms, women have had to learn both the game and the game plan at the sam
5、e time. At least in my own observation, women in business tend to be more honest than men. A direct question to a woman often results in a direct response. This quality makes it more difficult for women to “yes” an employer. It also makes women more trustworthy than the men who often cant, or wont,
6、give a straight answer to a question. Women are also more open than men about their feelings, their ambitions, and everyday situations in the office. This makes them easier to be hurt than men. Traditionally, women in business have been more severely judged than men. They have had to be better in a
7、job than a man to get ahead. 41What is this passage mainly about?Athe unfair treatment the working women suffering in businessBthe differences between working men and womenCthe qualities of the working men and womenDthe authors pity on the working women42The author mentions the “sports terms” to sho
8、w that _.Awomen are more diligent than menBwomen are often looked down upon by menCwomen are slower in learning new things than menDmen always make things comfortable for themselves43How many good qualities of women are mentioned in the last paragraph?ATwo.BThree.CFour.DFive.44Which of the following
9、 will most probably be the first sentence of the fifth paragraph?AFor example, I have interviewed many people for the job of advertising salesperson.BAnother difference between working men and women is that men take more chances.COf all the differences that I have noticed, one in particular stands o
10、ut. DOn the other hand, men also enjoy more rights than women.【答案】题号41424344456647484950答案ADBBBADDAA题号51525354555657585960答案DCBDBBCDAD阅读理解The television news feature about Ben Heckmann, an eighth grader from Farmington, Minn, was breathless in its praise. “At 14, he has accomplished something many a
11、dults cant achieve,” the reporter said, “Ben is a twice-published author.” But Bens two “Velvet Black” books, describing a fictional rock band, were not picked from a pile of manuscripts（手稿）by an eagle eyed publisher. They were self-published, at the cost of $400 by Bens parents.Over the past five y
12、ears, print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspired writers of all ages to avoid the traditional gatekeeping system for determining who could call himself a “published author.”The mothers and fathers who foot the bill say th
13、ey are simply trying to encourage their children, in the same way that other parents buy equipment for a promising baseball player. But others see self-publishing as a lost opportunity to teach children about hardship and perseverance. Mr. Robbins, a critic, thinks it is wonderful to start writing a
14、t a young age, but worries self-publishing sends the wrong message. “There are no prodigies(神童) in literature,” he said. “Literature requires experience, in a way that mathematics and music do not.” Alan Rinzler, a publishing industry veteran, suggested parents hire a professional editor like him to
15、 work with their child to tear a manuscript apart and help make a better. Bens father, Ken, said Bens ambitions “werent to knock Harry Potter off the list,” but “to get that good feeling inside that youve done something.”Ajla Dizdarevic, 12, who has self-published two books of poetry, has been on te
16、levision and in local newspapers. “Being a published author,” she said, “was always a dream of mine.” Her new dream: three books by age 15.36. Which of the following is true of Ben?A. He has achieved something unusual for his age.B. His self-published books were well received.C. His manuscripts were
17、 favored by the publisher.D. He was thought little of by the public media.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据细节理解题。根据At 14, he has accomplished something many adults cant achieve, 14岁时,他已经完成了一些许多成年人不能实现,的目标，故选A。37. What makes it possible for writers of all ages to self-publish their works?A. The rapid increase of on
18、line readership.B. The increasing number of publishers.C. The immediate access to marketing agencies.D. The development of printing and publishing.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspired writers of all
19、 ages to avoid the traditional gatekeeping system for determining who could call himself a “published author.印刷和出版业的发展，使他们出书有了可能，故选D。38. Why do some parents pay the self-publishing bill?A. They want to offer opportunities to their children.B. They want to give encouragement to their children.C. They
20、 want to help their children avoid hardship.D. They want to show love and care for their children.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据The mothers and fathers who foot the bill say they are simply trying to encourage their children,父母为了鼓励孩子，故选B。39. What dose Alan Rinzler suggest that children should do?A. Be forbidden
21、to write booksB. Start writing at an early ageC. Be professionally guidedD. Learn from experience【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Alan Rinzler, a publishing industry veteran, suggested parents hire a professional editor like him to work with their child to tear a manuscript apart and help make a better.孩子们应受到专业指导，故
22、选C。40. Why do some children self-publish works according to the last part?A. Just to achieve their dreams.B. Just to earn more money.C. Just to gain self-confidence.D. Just to satisfy their parents.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Bens ambitions “werent to knock Harry Potter off the list,” but “to get that good fee
23、ling inside that youve done something 孩子们为了实现自己的梦想。故选A。阅读理解 Below is from a book of facts.VITAL STATISTICSMOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS; CAUSES OF DEATHAbout 45,800people in the US were killed in the motor vehicle accidents in 2005, according to preliminary figures from the National Safety Council, up 1%
24、from the revised total for 2004. as the number of drivers (201.5 million) and vehicle miles driven (3 trillion) increased in 2005, the death rate per 100 million vehicle miles increased 1% to 1.54%.US Motor Vehicle Accidents, 2004, 2005Sources: National Safety Council; Natl. Highway Traffic Safety A
25、dmin.Deaths 2005 % change from 2004 Rate 2005All motor vehicle accidents. 45,800 +1 15.5 Collision between motor vehicles 19,200 1 6.5Collision with fixed objects. 13,700 +1 4.6Pedestrian accidents. 6,200 +3 2.1Collision with pedal cycles. 1,000 +11 0.3(1) Deaths per 100,00 population. Improper Driv
26、ing Reported in Accidents 2000, 2002, 2005Source: National Safety CouncilPercentage of percentage of percentage of fatal accidents injury accidents all accidentsType 2005 2002 2000 2005 2002 2000 2005 2002 2000Improper driving 62.7 59.5 61.6 62.7 54.7 60.3 58.5 50.3 57.8 Speed too fast or unsafe 18.
27、1 21.9 18.6 15.0 12.6 16.3 12.7 10.1 13.5Right of way 12.2 17.4 10.1 17.5 18.9 19.9 14.3 16.4 20.1Failed to yield. 8.0 10.1 4.6 12.5 14.3 15.0 10.8 11.4 12.7Disregarded signal 1.4 4.0 8.2 2.5 3.3 1.3 1.7 3.4 2.2Passed stop sign. 2.8 3.3 3.8 2.5 1.3 3.6 1.8 1.6 5.6Drove left of center. 8.0 5.7 0.7 2.
28、2 0.9 1.1 1.6 0.7 1.0Improper overtaking. 1.4 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.0 0.8 0.8 2.4Made improper turn. 4.5 0.5 0.7 4.2 1.2 0.6 4.5 1.7 0.9Followed too closely. 1.0 0.4 0.9 6.8 2.8 4.3 8.7 3.8 5.7No improper driving stated.37.3 40.5 38.4 37.3 45.3 39.7 41.5 49.7 42.2Note: Based on reports from state traffi
29、c authorities, when a driver was under the influence of alcohol or drugs, the accident was considered a result of the drivers physical conditionnot a driving error. For this reason, accidents in which the driver was reported to be under the influence are included under “No improper driving stated”.
30、The Leading Causes of Death in the US, 2004Source: National Center for Health Statistics, US Dept. Of Health ServicesNumber Death Rate % of deaths ALL CAUSESE . 2,397,615 826.5 100.01. Heart disease. 652,486 222.2 27.2 2. Cancer. 553,888 188,6 23.13. Stroke. 150,074 51.1 6.34. Chronic lower respirat
31、ory diseases121,987 41.55.15. Accidents. 112,012 38.1 4.76. Diabetes mellitus. 73,138 24.93.17. Alzheimers disease. 65,965 22.52.88. Influenza and pneumonia 59,664 20.3 2.59. Kidney disease 42,480 14.5 1.810. Blood poisoning 33,373 11.41.411. Intentional self-harm. 32,439 11.0 1.412. Chronic liver d
32、isease and cirrhosis27,013 9.21.113. Hypertension and hypertensive renal disease23,076 7.91.014. Parkinsons disease.17,9896.10.815. Assault homicide 17,3575.90.7 All other causes.414,674 141.217.3(1) Per 100,0000 population. 5. In the US, people killed in all motor vechile accidents in 2005 was more
33、 than the total deaths in 2004. A. 3% B. 11%C. 4% D. 1%6. Among the leading causes of deaths in the US in 2004, “Accidents” took up . A. 27.2% B. 2.5% C. 9.2% D. 4.7%7. When a driver was under the influnce of acohol or drugs, the accident was included under . A. Other improper drivingB. Driving erro
34、rs C. No improper driving statedD. Improper driving 【参考答案】57、DDC 阅读理解-B I usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.While any of these statements might be true, they are practically im
35、possible to prove scientifically. Still, 1 was struck by a report which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children between 9 and 17 have a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for men
36、tal illness 50 years ago. Why are Americas kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation (孤独) brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. Given that we cant turn the clock b
37、ack, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation to cope. At the top of the list,nurturing (培育) is a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. To help kids build stro
38、nger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later.They will then have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep. Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. Its not just video games and
39、 movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news. Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale. Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you deal with your own anxieties and provide a good model for y
40、our kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable,but it doesnt have to ruin your life.31.What does the author thinks of the conclusion that people in America are unhappier than 50 years ago?A. SurprisingB. ConfusingC. IllogicalD. Questionable【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据surprising令人吃惊的；confusing令人困惑的；illogical不合唱里的；q
41、uestionable可疑的。I usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.作者对于调查结果持怀疑的态度，故选D。32.What does the author mean by saying “ we cant turn the clock back(Para. 3)?A. Its impossible to slow do
42、wn the pace of the change.B. The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D. Its impossible to forget the past.【答案】B【解析】句意理解题。根据adults can still do plenty to help the next generation to cope.孩子们面临的社会不能被改变，故选B。33. According to an an
43、alysis, compared with normal children today, children 50 years ago _.A. were less isolated physicallyB. were probably less self-centeredC. probably suffered less from anxietyD. were considered less individualistic【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 19
44、50s今天的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，故选C。34.What is the first and most important thing parents should do to help their children?A. To provide them with a safer environment.B. To lower their expectations for them.C. To get them more involved socially. D. To set a good model for them to follow.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Strengt
45、hening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.父母应该让孩子多参加社会活动，故选C。35.What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. Anxiety, though always unavoidable, can be coped with.B. Childrens anxiety has been enormously exaggerated(夸大).C. Childrens anxiety can be removed with more parental care.D. Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable,在父母的关怀下孩子们的焦虑是可以消除的，故选C。