1、Unit 4 Natural disastersUnit 4 Reading for Writing1、 After an earthquake most survivors can be expected to recover over time, particularly with the support of family and friends. Some families will be able to return to their normal life quickly, while others will have to contend with the destruction
2、 of their homes, medical problems, and injury to family members. Children especially will need time to recover from the loss of a loved one or a pet or from the closing down of their school. Children often turn to adults for information, comfort and help. Parents should try to remain calm, answer ch
3、ildrens questions honestly and remain understanding when they see changes in their childrens behaviour. Children react differently to an earthquake depending on their ages, developmental levels and former experiences. Some will respond by withdrawing(不与人交往), while others will have angry outbursts(爆发
4、). Parents should remain sensitive to each childs reactions. Parents should spend time talking to their children, letting them know that its OK to ask questions and to share their worries. Although it may be hard to find time to have these talks, parents can use regular family mealtimes or bedtimes
5、for them. They should answer questions briefly and honestly and be sure to ask their children for their opinions and ideas. Issues may come up more than once and parents should remain patient when they answer the questions again. For young children, parents, after talking about the earthquake, might
6、 read a favourite story or have a relaxing family activity to help them calm down. Parents should also tell children they are safe and spend extra time with them. They could play games outside or read together indoors. Most importantly, be sure to tell them you love them.1. The underlined phrase con
7、tend with in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by _.A. deal withB. make upC. put offD. turn back2. When children ask the same question again, parents should _.A. read a favourite story to comfort themB. ask them to help do some houseworkC. be patient and answer the question againD. take them out to play g
8、ames3. Which of the following pieces of advice is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Keep a close watch on childrens behaviour.B. Tell the children they are safe.C. Tell the children you love them.D. Ask educational experts for help.4. What can we know from the passage?A. All people will recover from a
9、n earthquake quickly.B. Children may need a longer time to recover after an earthquake.C. Children should turn to their classmates for help after an earthquake.D. Children react in the same way as adults do to an earthquake.2、One day，I received a call from a colleague. He was about to give a student
10、 a zero for his answer to a physical problem, while the student claimed a perfect score. I was elected as their arbiter. I read the examination problem, “Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer (气压计）.” The student had answered, “Take the baromet
11、er to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower it to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of it is the height of the building. ” The student had really answered the question completely, but the answer didnt confirm his competence in physics.
12、I suggested the student try again. I gave him six minutes to answer the question, warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics. Five minutes later, he said he had many answers and dashed off one, which read, “Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of th
13、e roof. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch. Then, use the physical formula (公式）to calculate the height of the building.” At this point, my colleague had to accept it, and then the student made almost full marks. I couldnt help asking the student what the other answers were. He list
14、ed many others，and then added，“Probably the best is to take the barometer to the administrator and said to him, Sir, here is a fine barometer. If you tell me the height of the building, I will give it to you. ” Then, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional (常规的）answer to this
15、question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think. The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.1. Why did the student get a zero at the begi
16、nning?A. Because the teacher wasnt satisfied with him.B. Because his answer wasnt complete or correct.C. Because his answer didnt show his knowledge of physics.D. Because the teacher couldnt fully understand his answer.2. What can we infer from the passage?A. The teacher was a very stubborn person.B
17、. The administrator told Bohr the height.C. The author preferred Bohr last answer.D. The student knew the expected answer.3. We can learn from the passage that .A. instructors can teach students how to thinkB. students should be given more freedom in thinkingC. arbiters can help students to get high
18、 scoresD. teachers should make students use physical formulas3、Strange things were happening in Tangshan. For a few days, the water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks in the well walls, some smelly gas came out. Mice, chickens and pigs became nervous. people dicing realize that one of the d
19、eadly earthquakes was on the way. The earthquake which destroyed the city (shock) the people. At 3:42 am，everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to end. In less than one minute，the city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or were (injure). Then，later that afternoon,
20、another big quake shook Tangshan. However, hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent (rescue) the people. They dug out those who (trap) and buried the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destro
21、yed. (slow) , the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The city has proved China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter
22、 future.4、你的英文老师让你准备一篇发言稿，就污染问题在英语课上谈谈你的看法。要点如下：1.工业污染的影响到处存在。2.人口的持续增长，烟尘、化学废料产生的后果。3.人们需要的是清洁的空气、安全的饮用水和孩子们的健康。4.解决环境污染问题，不能只靠政府。5.保护环境应从我做起。要求：1.词数100个左右；2.文章开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Ladies and gentlemen,Yesterday our teacher of English asked me to say something about pollution. Now, I give you my views
23、on this vital question. _Thank you for listening. 答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1-4 ACDB解析：1.词义猜测题。根据上下文可推知此处的contend with意为处理，与deal with意思接近。2.细节理解题。根据第三段的Issues may come up more than once and parents should remain patient when they answer the questions again.可知答案。3.细节理解题。从文章最后一段可找到有关A、B、C 三个选项的表述,D项文中没有提及。4.细节理
24、解题。根据第一段最后一句Children especially will need time to recover from.可知 B项正确。 2答案及解析：答案：1.C 2.D 3.B解析：1. C细节理解题：根据文章第二段中的“The student had really answered the question completely, but the answer didnt confirm his competence in physics.”可知，这个学生确实完全回答了这个问 题，但这个答案并不能证实他的物理能力，故选C项。2. D细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Then, I a
25、sked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did.”可知，作者问那个学生，他是否真的不知道 这个问题的常规答案。他承认他知道这个常规答案，故选D项。3. B推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“.he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think. ” 可知，他厌倦了高中和大学教师试图教他如何思考，所以判断出学生
26、应该被给予更多的自由来思考，故选B项。 3答案及解析：答案：1. But 2. shocked 3. an 4. injured 5. to rescue 6. were trapped 7. whose 8. Slowly 9. to 10. wisdom解析：1.考查连词根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，应用But。2.考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，此处表示过去发生的动 作，应用一般过去时，故填shocked。3.考查冠词。come to an end结束，为固定短语。4.考查形容词。此处表示三分之二的人死亡或者受伤了，根据 空前的were可知，此处应用形容词作表语，故填injured
27、,表示受伤的。5. 考查非谓语动词。此处是send sb. to do sth.安排某人做某 事的被动结构 sb. be sent to do sth.，故填 to rescue。6.考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，who(指 代those)与trap之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，再结合全文时态可 知，此处应用一般过去时，故填were trapped07.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在 从句中作定语，修饰homes,应用whose。8.考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰 整个句子，故用副词形式。9.考查介词。prove sth.to sb.向
28、某人证明. ，为固定用法10.考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语，应用名词， 故填 wisdom。 4答案及解析：答案：Ladies and gentlemen.Yesterday our teacher of English asked me to say something about pollution. Now, I give you my views on this vital question.As a matter of fact, the effects of industrial pollution are well known to everyonepolluted
29、 air, polluted water and polluted earth. Though a great deal is already being done to control these effects, the problem of pollution is .still serious. Continuous population increase, smog and chemical waste produced by factories and cars, not only threaten to exhaust our resources, but also pollute our environment. We do need clean air, safe water and our childrens health.In my opinion, to solve the problem of pollution, everyone must refrain from polluting our environment. We should know that this is the duty of every individual, not that the government alone.Thank you for listening.解析：