1、课时素养达标The climate we live in influences many areas of our lives. The quality of the food we eat, the water we drink, and our homes are all dependent upon our climate and weather. Some scientists have suggested that a warmer world would be a sicker world. Climate researchers predict that the world cl
2、imate will become warmer, with high temperatures in summer becoming more frequent and very cold winters rarer. With winters becoming milder, there are likely to be up to 20, 000 fewer cold-related deaths. However, there is a danger that bacteria would no longer die off seasonally during the cold per
3、iod, which means that diseases may spread more widely. More heat waves may increase the number of hot-weather related deaths by up to 2, 800. Exposure to higher levels of UV light(ultraviolet light)could cause an extra 5, 000 deaths a year from skin cancer and may cause an increase of up to 2, 000 c
4、ases of eye diseases. Warmer summers may cause up to 10, 000 extra cases of food poisoning each year. Higher average global temperatures mean that diseases, or their carriers, may be able to move to areas that were previously too cold for them to survive. It is possible that a mild type of malaria(疟
5、疾)will become established in some parts of the world and be a recurring threat for up to four months each year. Globally, there are likely to be more floods, more droughts, and more storms, which will cause damage to our homes, food, and water supplies and then influence our health. The same could b
6、e said of an increase in flooding which would promote the spread of waterborne diseases, and droughts which would favor white flies and locusts. Scientists have been studying the relationship between the outbreak of a severe disease in Africa and weather patterns. They believe that a rare climate pa
7、ttern may come before outbreaks of the disease. Climate change is likely to have unequal influences on the world population. Those living in poor and developing countries are going to be less able to adapt to the changes. Health influences are not likely to be limited to the human populationwildlife
8、 would also be severely affected. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。根据专家的预测, 气候变暖对地球将产生深远的影响, 特别是对人类的健康。. Read the passage and skim the main idea of the text. The climate we live in influences many areas of our life, especially our health. The scientists suggest that a warmer world would be a sicker world. . Answer the
9、 following questions1. Whats the best title for the passage? A. Climate and DiseasesB. Weather and Human HealthC. Positive Influences of Climate ChangeD. Disasters from Global Warming【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段“The climate we live in influences many areas of our lives. The quality of the food we eat, th
10、e water we drink, and our homes are all dependent upon our climate and weather. Some scientists have suggested that a warmer world would be a sicker world. ”可知, 我们赖以生存的气候影响着我们生活的许多方面。我们所吃的食物的质量, 我们所喝的水和我们的住所都取决于我们的气候和天气。一些科学家提出, 一个更温暖的世界也将是一个多灾难的世界。以及下文天气变化对我们生活各个方面特别是健康的影响, 可以判断出短文的标题为天气和人类的健康。故选B。
11、2. What may help stop a disease from spreading widely? A. A cold temperature. B. A heat wave. C. Exposure to light. D. Floods and droughts. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第三段“With winters becoming milder, there are likely to be up to 20, 000 fewer cold-related deaths. However, there is a danger that bacteria would n
12、o longer die off seasonally during the cold period, which means that diseases may spread more widely. ”可知, 冬季越来越温和, 与寒冷有关的死亡人数可能会减少20000人。然而气温升高, 细菌有可能不再像在寒冷的时期那样会季节性地死亡, 这样疾病会传播得更广泛。所以通过反向推理, 可以判断出寒冷的气温有助于阻止疾病的传播。故选A。3. What does the underlined word“recurring”in the fifth paragraph mean? A. Dangero
13、us. B. Major. C. Frequent. D. Reasonable. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第五段“ It is possible that a mild type of malaria will become established in some parts of the world and be a recurring threat for up to four months each year. ”可知, 一种温和的疟疾有可能在世界上的某些地方形成, 并在每年的4个月内反复出现。所以这种威胁可能每年都有, 而且多达四个月之久, 可见疟疾是频繁爆发的疾病。故判断出第五
14、段中带下划线的“recurring”一词是frequent“频繁的”的意思。故C选项正确。4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Climate change has an equal effect on the world population. B. The more developed the country is, the bigger the influence is. C. The warmer weather will influence many lives on the earth greatly. D. More floods, droughts and storms will result from global warming. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段“ Health influences are not likely to be limited to the human populationwildlife would also be severely affected. ”可知, 对于健康的影响不可能仅限于人类野生生物也将受到严重影响。所以气候变化对人和所有的野生生物都有巨大的影响。故选C。