1、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。A different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace. Someone - specifically the father-daughter team of Larry and Meagan Johnson - has figured out that on some American job sites, five generations are working side by side.In their new book about generation
2、s in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.The Johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. Dad Larry is a former health-care executive; daughter Meagan is a onetim
3、e high-level sales manager.Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify:They call the oldest group Traditionals, born before 1945. They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Two. They respect authority, set a high standard of workmansh
4、ip, and communicate easily and confidently. But theyre also stubbornly independent. They want their opinions heard.At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters, born after 1995 into todays more complicated, multi-media world. They live and breathe technology and are often social activis
5、ts.You wont find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.The Johnsons, Larry and Meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work
6、 with jobsite issues. The Johnsons point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values
7、.The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all thi
8、s in greater detail in a new book, “Generations, Inc.: From Boomers to Linksters - Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work,” published by Amacom Press, which is available in all good bookstore from this Friday.1. The type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs
9、 _.A. between managers and workers B. among family membersC. among employees D. between older and newer companies2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals?A. Theyve learned much from war and economic disaster.B. Theyre difficult to work with as they are stubborn.C. They res
10、pect their boss and hope to be respected.D. Theyre independent workers with great confidence.3. According to the passage, the Linksters are usually _.A. found working in the offices of large companiesB. influenced by media and technologyC. enthusiastic multi-media activistsD. ice-cream sellers4. Acc
11、ording to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because _.A. people want to increase their average lifespanB. many young people are entering the workforceC. employees with different values can benefit their companiesD. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons5. Whats the mai
12、n purpose of the passage?A. To promote a new book by Larry and Meagan Johnson.B. To describe the five different workplace generations.C. To introduce the Johnsons research about diverse workforces.D. To identify a major problem in modern workforces.【参考答案】15、C B B D A 社会生活型阅读理解People turn to magic(魔力
13、)chiefly as a form of insurancethat is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm(咒语). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfu
14、lly than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game(猎物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it. But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the
15、 magic was responsible. People also tend to forget magics failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They
16、 may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician. Many anthropologists(人类学家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and un
17、certainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite t
18、o ensure a good harvest.1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be _A. a hunter B. a farmer C. a magician D. an anthropologist2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Magic and Hunting B. Magic and FarmingC. Why Magic Works? D. Why People B
19、elieve in Magic?3. The underlined word “spell”(Paragraph 2) most probably means “_”. A. magic words B. magic events C. words or expressions D. magicians4. People believe in magic because_ A. magic powers are greater than natural powersB. magic can turn dreams into realityC. they are not sure of them
20、selves D. magic can bring good results 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic. C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give
21、 them extra confidence.D. Magic can solve problems people cant deal with in a natural way.【要点综述】 为什么有些人相信魔法咒语呢？魔法咒语真的灵验吗？这些人相信魔法咒语是因为他们缺乏自信。作者以人类学家的科学眼光分析了这种社会现象。1D2D 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了人们为什么相信咒语。3A 词义猜测题。同形异义词需要根据上下文语境来确定其具体意义，不可受原先所熟悉词义的约束。文中第二段的“spell”与“拼写”无关，而是指“咒语”可知。4C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，人们相信魔法咒语是因为人们
22、需要相信它。当人们无法控制情况的后果时，就可能转向寻求魔法咒语来减轻自己的恐惧或不安，也就是人们缺乏自信。5D 正误判断题。D项意思为：咒语可以解决人们用自然的方式不能解决的问题。由文章内容可知，咒语只是人们解决问题时的一种寄托和心理安慰，并不能真正地帮助人们解决问题，故D项表述错误。其他三项均可从文中找到相应的依据。【2015高考】阅读理解“Tiger Mother”parenting raises media storm.A new book written by a selfdescribed Chinese descent(血统)on her superstrict parenting
23、Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother has raised media storm and fierce debates in the US.Amy Chua is a Yale Law School professor and the mother of two teenage girls.She is the daughter of immigrants of Chinese descent.In the Chinese culture，the tiger symbolizes strength and power.In her book Ms.Chua writ
24、es about how she demanded excellence from her daughters.For example，her daughters，Sophia and Louisa，were never allowed to attend a sleepover，be in a school play，watch TV or play computer games.They couldnt choose their own afterclass activities or get any grade less than an AThey had to play piano o
25、r violinand no other musical instruments.She writes that if a Chinese child gets a Bwhich she says“would never happen”there would be“a screaming，hairtearing explosion”She describes making her 7yearold daughter play a piano piece perfectlyyelling and not letting her leave the bench even to use the ba
26、throomuntil it was.Many people have criticized Chua.Some say her parenting methods were abusive.She even admits that her husband，who is not Chinese，objects to her parenting style.But she says that was the way her parents raised her and her three sisters.Stacy DeBroff，who has written four books about
27、 parenting，says Amy Chuas parenting style is not limited to Chinese families.She says it represents a traditional way of parenting among immigrants seeking a better future for their children.But she also sees a risk.When children have no time to be social or to follow their own interests，they might
28、not develop other skills that they need to succeed in life.Stacy DeBroff advised parents not to just repeat the way they were raised.Alison Lo，an assistant professor of marketing at the University of Washingtons Bothell campus said，“I dont think Amy is advocating a best practice of parenting style，o
29、r that success and achievements are critical yardsticks(衡量标准)of a good life.But I can imagine how strong her daughters college applications are going to be.For many parents whose dreams are seeing their kids graduating from a competitive university，Amy is sharing with the readers that it is achievab
30、le by persistent，dedicated parental guidance，”Lo said in an interview with Julie Muhlstein，a columnist with the USbased H.“In that sence，a young adults giftedness can be born，or made，”Lo continued.【语篇解读】 耶鲁大学华裔教授Amy Chua的新书虎妈战歌成为美国人热议的话题，她提出的“中国式”严苛教子方法引发了巨大争议。16According to the passage，which is TRU
31、E of Amy Chua?AShe is an easygoing woman.BShe is an assistant professor.CShe is a demanding parent.DShe is a cruel teacher.答案C推理判断题。由文章第二段“In her book Ms.Chua writes about how she demanded excellence from her daughters.”及其后她对孩子的苛刻要求的“几个不准”、孩子自己的“几个不能”以及成绩总是A等，足见其为一个“苛求的”人，即demanding。17Which of the f
32、ollowing are Sophia and Louisa allowed to do?APlaying the piano.BPlaying the guitar.CDating with boys.DGetting an A minus.答案A细节理解题。文章第二段“They had to play piano or violinand no other musical instruments.”很清楚地表明答案为A。18Stacy DeBroff advised parents to_.Aseek a better future for their childrenBdevelop t
33、heir own style of parentingCbe strict with their childrenDfollow Amy Chuas parenting style答案B细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段末尾：“Stacy DeBroff advised parents not to just repeat the way they were raised.”可以得出答案为B。19Alison Lo concluded that_.Apersistent，dedicated parental guidance is the best parenting styleBparents s
34、hould respect childrens personalitiesCa gifted child was born with talentDa teenager can be raised to be talent by strict parenting答案D推理判断题。文章末尾句：“In that sense，a young adults giftedness can be born，or made.”“从这个意义上讲，年轻人的天赋可以是天生的，也可以通过后天严格的教养而激发”，故D项正确。A项与原文意思achievable“有成就的”有出入，文中并无信息表明“persistent，
35、dedicated parental guidance”是“最好的”。完形填空。Catherine invited Nelson to dinner. Last term she had been in Nelsons _1_，but she had to give up because her son Kendall was having a _2_ in school. The problem was that he wasnt studying. Catherine decided that Kendall needed _3_ control. She would provide it
36、 by _4_ him like a hawk(鹰)She would also control his use of his Game Boy. He was _5_ to play the computer game only on weekends. Nelson was a(n)_6_ man. He had been teaching various subjects for almost 40 years. He could have retired 10 years ago，_7_ he loved teaching. He said his students gave him
37、something to _8_ every day. He planned to teach until he died in the _9_. Nelson needed to take a little _10_ to Catherine to show his thanks for the _11_.He couldnt think of _12_ would be suitable. Opening his kitchen drawer，he found the perfect giftan unopened box of _13_.He also found some freshl
38、ooking wrapping paper(包装纸)He wrapped the box up carefully. Feeling _14_ of himself，he drove over to Catherines and rang the doorbell. He _15_ his gift. Catherine made a funny face. She said she _16_ the wrapping paper. Then she unwrapped the tea and made another funny _17_.“Nelson，I gave this tea to
39、 you at the end of last term，and I wrapped it in this paper！” Nelsons face turned _18_.He told himself he had to be more _19_ with gifts in the future and he apologized to Catherine. She _20_ and said，“Its okay. The thought of presenting a gift is more important than the gift itself.”1A.companyBclas
40、sCteam Dshop答案：B从第二段对Nelson的介绍可知，他是一位教师，所以Catherine是在他的班(class)里。 2A.fever BfightCproblem Dparty答案：C下一句中的problem有提示：她的儿子在学校里有点儿问题(problem)。3A.best BnoCless Dmore答案：D她的儿子不学习，所以她决定给儿子更多的(more)管教。4A.watching BterrifyingCprotecting Dignoring答案：A为了给儿子更多的管教，她像鹰一样监视(watching)儿子。5A.allowed BbeggedCencourage
41、d Drefused答案：A她儿子只被允许(allowed)在周末玩电脑游戏。6A.busy BattractiveCold Dfamous答案：C从下文“他教书几乎40年了，10年前本来就可以退休”可知Nelson已经是一位老(old)人了。 7A.so BbutCthough Dif答案：B前后句子间为转折关系，故用but。8A.look forward to Btry outCget rid of Dshout at答案：ANelson认为学生给予了他每天期望(look forward to)的东西。9A.bedroom BclassroomCplayground Dkitchen答案：
42、BNelson喜欢教学，他希望可以一直工作到自己倒在教室(classroom)里为止。10A.card BboxCgift Dsnack答案：C本段第三句中的he found the perfect gift是提示：Nelson要给Catherine带个小礼物(gift)。 11A.suggestion BexplanationCoperation Dinvitation答案：D文章首句有提示，Nelson给Catherine带礼物是为了表示对她的邀请(invitation)的感谢。12A.who BwhatCwhen Dwhere答案：B从后文中他在厨房里找礼物可知，他一时想不出送什么东西(
43、what)是合适的。引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语，因此用what。13A.candies BbooksCchocolate Dtea答案：D倒数第二段中的I gave this tea to you有提示：Nelson找到了一盒未启封的茶(tea)。14A.proud BtiredCfond Dshy答案：ANelson不仅找到了自己认为很棒的礼物，而且还仔细包装起来。所以他感到自豪(proud)。 15A.bought BawardedCpresented Ddisplayed答案：CNelson来到了Catherine家，按了门铃，并展示(presented)自己的礼物。16A.made
44、BpreferredCdisliked Dloved答案：D从Catherine made a funny face及I wrapped it in this paper可知，这个包装纸是她曾经用过的，她自然喜欢(loved)。17A.joke BfaceCexample Dsound答案：B上文funny face有提示：当看到茶时，她又做了个有趣的表情(face)。18A.green BwhiteCred Dblack答案：C当Nelson被告知自己送的礼物是Catherine送给他的后，他自然感到不好意思，脸变红(red)了。 19A.concerned BcarefulCfamiliar Dpleased答案：B得知自己送错了礼物，他告诉自己以后一定要在送的礼物方面多加小心(careful)。20A.smiled BangeredCscreamed Dcried答案：A从Catherine说的话可推知她应该是微笑着(smiled)的。