1、Section Grammar单元语法项目(一)状语从句()语法图解探究发现Ill go and get them now,before I go to the dentist.There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall at last Thursdays event,although it was an extremely cold night.Although the concert hall was cold and the sound system caused a few problems,the audience
2、 could still enjoy the concert.While I watched and listened,I knew that I was seeing the performance of a real superstar.It was Morissettes first performance in England since her song“Uninvited”won this years Grammy Award for the best rock song.We were working in the chemistry lab when the lights we
3、nt out.In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.我的发现(1)句中的 before 和句中 while 以及句中 since 引导的从句均为从句。(2)句中 although 引导的从句和句中 although 引导的从句均为从句。(3)句中的 when 和句中 while 均用作。时间状语让步状语并列连词一、状语从句概述状语从句在句子中起状语作用。有的状语从句可以在主句前(其后常用逗号与主句隔开)，有的状语从句可以放在主句后(其前可不用
4、逗号隔开)，有的既可以在主句前又可以在主句后。状语从句通常由一个连词或由一个起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步或比较等意义。二、时间状语从句1when,whenever,as,while,after,until/till,since 常用以引导时间状语从句。He was working at the table when I arrived.当我到达的时候，他正在桌旁工作。Whenever you meet with trouble,dont hesitate to turn tome.无论你什么时候遇到困难，都别犹豫向我寻求帮助。As you
5、 grow older,youll know better and better aboutyourself.随着年龄的增长，你会越来越了解你自己。Dont talk so loud while others are working.其他人工作时，请勿大声说话。As is reported,it is more than 100 years since QinghuaUniversity was founded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。名师点津 when 也可以作并列连词，常用在下列结构中：be doing sth.when.“正确做某事，这时”；be about to do
6、 sth.when.“正要做某事，这时”；had just done sth.when.“刚刚做了某事，这时”。I was watching the CCTV news when someone knocked at the door.我正在看中央新闻联播，这时有人敲门。2before“在之前”引导时间状语从句时有时可根据情况译作“才”或“还未来得及”。before 常用于以下句型：(1)It will be一段时间before.(从句用一般现在时)要过时间才(2)It wont be一段时间before.(从句用一般现在时)过不了时间就(3)It was not long before.(从
7、句用一般过去时)没过多久就(4)It was时间段before.(从句用一般过去时)过了时间才The young couple,who returned my lost wallet,left before I could ask for their names.这对年轻夫妇送还了我丢失的钱包，我还没来得及问他们的名字，他们就离开了。It was long before he came to help me.过了很久他才来帮我。It wont be long before he leaves the country.过不了多久他就离开了这个国家。3表示“一就”的词语引导的时间状语从句。(1)副
8、 词 instantly,immediately,directly 表 示“一 就”，用作连词，引导时间状语从句。The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进了房间。I recognised her instantly I saw her.我一看见她就认出她来了。(2)as soon as,no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.意为“一就”。Hardly had he arrived when it began to rain.他刚到，天就
9、开始下雨了。No sooner had she gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more.她刚睡着，电话就又响了。As soon as I finish the homework,Ill go to see you.我一完成家庭作业，就去看你。名师点津no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.中主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，从句谓语动词应用一般过去时。当 no sooner.和 hardly/scarcely.位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。She was scarcely out of sight when t
10、hey came.Scarcely was she out of sight when they came.(倒装形式)她刚一走远他们就来了。4一些表示时间的名词词组，如 the moment,the second time,the minute,each/every time,the first time,the year 等也用于引导时间状语从句，这时它们具有连词的功能。Each time he came,he would bring us a lot of flowers.他每次来，都给我们带很多花。The first time he went to Shanghai,he paid a
11、 visit to his former teacher.第一次去上海，他就拜访了他以前的老师。The moment I saw him,I thought of his father.我一看见他，就想起了他的父亲。即时演练 1(1)用适当的连词填空We need to get to the root of the problem we can solve it.It has been five years he came here.I have to give a speech,I get extremely nervous before I start.(2017北京高考改编)If you
12、 dont understand something,you may research,study,and talk to other people you figure it out.the child was playing with his toys,his parents were watching TV.beforesinceWheneveruntilWhile(2)句型转换He caught up with me as soon as we slowed down.He caught up with me we slowed down.Immediately he came hom
13、e,I told him about it.he came home,I told him about it.He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.had he arrived she started complaining.immediately/directly/instantlyThe moment/minute/instantNo soonerthan三、让步状语从句让步状语从句表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，其起引导作用的连词词组有 though,although,even though(if),while,as,
14、(who,whom,what,which,when,where,how)ever 合成词，no matter(who.how),whether 等。1though,although,as,even if,even though 等用以引导让步状语从句。My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,even though hes in his nineties.我祖父尽管 90 多岁了，但仍时而打打网球。(2017北京高考改编)Although birds use their feathers for flight,some of their fe
15、athers are for other purposes.尽管鸟类用羽毛飞行，但是它们的一些羽毛也有其他用途。She carries on working even though/if she has a bad cold for several days.尽管她患重感冒几天了，但她仍继续工作。名师点津(1)as 引导的让步状语从句使用倒装时如果将用作表语的单数可数名词提前，则应省去 a(n)。Child as he is,he can speak three foreign languages.他虽然是一个小孩，却会说三门外语。(2)though 和 although 不与 but 连用，
16、但可与 yet 或 still 连用。Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.虽然雨下得很大，但他们仍然继续踢足球。2no matter what/who/where/how/when 等用以引导让步状语从句，它们也可分别用 whatever/whoever/wherever/however/whenever 等。No matter who asks her for advice,she is always ready tohelp.无论谁向她征求建议，她总会帮忙。Whatever/No matter what
17、you do,try to do it better.不管你做什么都尽力做到更好。名师点津 引导让步状语从句时，“no matter疑问词”和“疑问词ever”可以互换。但引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词ever”。Its generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he wants.小孩想要什么就给他什么，这种做法被普遍认为是不明智的。即时演练 2(1)用适当的连词填空(2016浙江高考改编)online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been
18、positive.Try she might,Sue couldnt get the door open.Well make a trip the weather is bad.While/Although/Thoughaseven if/though(2)句型转换Though/Although/While he was a child，he knew what wasthe right thing to do.,he knew what was the right thingto do.No matter what happened,he would not mind.,he would n
19、ot mind.Child as/though he wasWhatever happened.单句语法填空1I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.2He left I could explain it to him.3No sooner had I left my house it began to snow.4All the children jumped with joy moment they heard the news.5It was the middle of the night m
20、y father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.sincebeforethanthewhen6Hardly had he arrived the trouble started.7Im willing to lend you a hand busy Im for the moment.8 you believe it or not,it is true.whenhoweverWhether.完成句子1(当我说英语时),I often feel a little nervous.2However,I think that yo
21、u will quickly adjust to them(尽管这里的天气和食物与你们的不一样)3_(尽管这些问题中有一些我不太熟悉),they are easy to answer.When I speak Englishalthough/though the weather and the food are different from yoursThough/Although some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me4(无论我什么时候看到它),I couldnt help thinking of my friend.5(不管多么困难)it m
22、ight be,never give it up.6I will wait for my friend (直到他来)Whenever I look at itNo matter how/However difficulttill/until he comes单元语法项目(二)状语从句()语法图解探究发现Kong explained that he tried this because he wanted to create something new.As his mother was a great music lover,he lived with music from birth.She
23、 had to draw piano keys on a piece of paper so that he could learn to play as early as possible.He was made to practise the piano so much that,at times,he thought about giving up.Kongs new experiment in Chinese folk music is so important to him that he even changed his appearance.Since his music sty
24、le was new,he decided his hairstyle had to be new too!The concert last week was such a success that Kongs DreamTour Concert is expected to run for the next years in Beijing,Shanghai,and other main cities before going to Paris and New York.我的发现(1)句中 because，句中 as 和句中 since 引导的从句均为_从句。(2)句中 so that 引导
25、的从句为从句。(3)句中 so.that，句中 so.that 和句中 such.that引导的从句均为从句。原因状语目的状语结果状语一、原因状语从句常用引导词特殊引导词because，since,asseeing(that),now(that),considering(that),provided/providing(that),considering(that)(考虑到),given(that)(考虑到),in that(因为)1.because 引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，语气最强，最适合回答 why 引导的疑问句。I really enjoy lis
26、tening to music because it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.我真的喜欢听音乐，因为它帮助我放松并让我忘掉一天中的其他烦恼。Why cant you do it now?Because Im too busy.你为什么不现在就做呢？因为我太忙。2since(now that)引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)，较为正式，语气比 because 弱。Since you are free today,you had better
27、help me with my mathematics.既然今天你有空，你最好帮我补习数学。Now that you are here,youd better stay.既来之，则安之。3as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比 since 弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。As weve no money,we cant buy it.由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。名师点津 for 引导并列句，并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明。for 引导的分句不能放在句首。It must have rained last night,for t
28、he ground is wet this morning.昨晚一定下过雨，因为今天早上地面是湿的。即时演练 1 选词填空：because,since/now that,as,forCoach,can I continue with the training?Sorry,you cantyou havent recovered from the knee injury.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair he wanted to sit next to his wife.all the guests have arrived,lets
29、 have dinner.We should be more careful,it is already dark.Why didnt you come to the meeting?I had a bad cold.asbecauseNow(that)/SinceforBecause二、结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有 so that,so.that,such.that 等。so形容词/副词that从句so形容词a/an单数可数名词that从句sucha/an形容词单数可数名词that从句such形容词复数可数名词that从句such形容词不可数名词that从句Tom is so
30、 kind a boy that they all like to make friends with him.Tom is such a kind boy that they all like to make friends with him.汤姆是这么好的孩子以至于他们都愿意跟他交朋友。The film was so wonderful that everyone was deeply moved.电影是如此精彩，以至于所有人都被深深打动了。He swims so fast that no one can catch up with him.他游得这么快以至于没有人能赶上他。It is s
31、uch fine weather that we all want to go camping.天气这么好以致我们都想出去野营。名师点津(1)在 so/such.that 结构中，若 so/such.提至句首，则主句构成倒装。So fast does he speak that no one can understand him.他说话太快，无人听得明白。(2)“somany/much/little/few名词that.”是习惯用法。其中 so 不能用 such 替换。He had so many things to do that he was busy all day long.他事务繁杂
32、，整天都很忙。即时演练 2 完成句子He was he couldnt speak.他气得说不出话来。It was I saw it twice.这是一部很有意思的电影，我看了两次。We arrived early in the morning,we caught the first train.我们早上到得很早，所以赶上了第一班火车。so angry thatsuch an interesting film that/so interesting a film thatso thatSuch that I would like to go to the beach.天气如此好，我想去海滩。O
33、ur country has she can export large quantities.我们国家的煤炭非常丰富，可以大量出口。They are we all hold them in great respect.他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。nice weather is itso much coal thatsuch fine teachers that三、目的状语从句常用引导词特殊引导词so that，in order thatlest,in case,for fear that,in the hope that,for the purpose thatShe worked
34、 hard so that everything would be ready by 5 oclock.她努力工作，以便在五点前使一切都就绪。I am punishing the child lest he should make the same mistake.我惩罚那个孩子，以免他再犯同样的错误。He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.他起床很早是为了赶上第一班公共汽车。名师点津(1)in order that 比 so that 正式，in order that引导的从句可以在主句前，也可以在主句后；而 so
35、that 引导的从句只能位于主句后。(2)目的状语从句中常含有 can,could,may,might,should 等情态动词。I have given him a key so that he can get into the house whenever he likes.我给了他一把钥匙，以便他随时能进来。即时演练 3(1)单句语法填空(2019江苏高考改编)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients case they need medical assistance.(2018天津高考改编)Lets not pick th
36、ese peaches until this weekend that they get sweet enough to be eaten.inso(2)句型转换They started early in order to arrive in time.They started early they might arrive in time.Youd better take the keys for fear that Im out.Youd better take the keys Im out.The attack was so sudden that the enemy had no t
37、ime to escape.So that the enemy had no time to escape.He is so clever a boy that it seems nothing can defeat him.He is it seems nothing can defeat him.so thatin casesudden was the attacksuch a clever boy that.单句语法填空1He got up early in order he could get to school on time.2The sports meeting was put
38、off the weather was so bad.3He got up so late he missed the bus.4There were difficult questions that none of us could answer.thatbecausethatsuch5Better take more clothes case the weather is cold.6He gave me little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.7Why do you want to buy
39、another new mobile phone youve got such a good one already?8The boy hid himself behind the tree fear that his father might see him.insosincefor.完成句子1Time permitting,I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends (以便我们能有更好的关系)2Besides,I have such a good command of English _ (结果我被选为英语老师的助手)
40、3First of all,you can talk about American customs and festivals _(因为中国学生对它们很感兴趣).so that we can have a better relationshipthat I am elected as assistant to my English teacherbecause Chinese students are interested in them4(既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣),I think this festival is well worth experiencing.5(由于下雨),we shall not go to the park this weekend.Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culturesAs it is raining谢谢 观 看