1、北京市通州区2014高考英语阅读理解训练（3）及答案Consumer electronics once again topped the list of the most wanted gifts this holiday season.“Seventy-six percent of consumers who plan to buy holiday gifts say that they will spend money or buy at least one technology product; definitely a solid vote of confidence for tech
2、nology.”Steve Koenig is with the Consumer Electronics Association. He says the groups latest research also shows that Americans this year are spending more on technology products. “Here in 2012, $252 on averagethe technology spend for consumers this year.”From tablet computers to smart phones, Ameri
3、can shoppers have been lining up to get the newest and coolest electronic devices on the market. There are more choices today than ever before. Its kind of hard to make a decision.Tablet computers are one of the best-selling products this year. Brian Tong is Senior Editor of CNET.com. The website re
4、ports on tech news and examines the latest electronic products. He says the Apple iPad Mini is one of the most popular tablets. Its starting price is $329. One of Apples biggest competitors is the Google Nexus 7. It starts at $199.“Its hardware is more powerful than whats in the iPad Mini, but also
5、it offers you a lot of things like maps that work better than Apples maps.But Brian Tong says there is one reason why people may like the iPad Mini more than the Nexus 7. “If you just want to read books and surf the Internet, you dont really need to get an iPad Mini, but if you want the largest robu
6、st group of apps (应用软件) thats where the iPad and Apples ecosystem shines the most.”Elman Chacon is with the electronics store Best Buy. He says another hot product this season is smart cameras. They connect to the Internet through WiFi. This makes it easy for users to email or upload photographs dir
7、ectly from the camera.“You can literally take a picture and upload it into your Facebook in a matter of seconds. These things are pretty cool because they do a lot of things.”Streaming media boxes also connect to the Internet. People are able to watch web content such as movies and YouTube videos on
8、 their televisions. Another popular item is wireless speaker systems. The newest ones work with any device that has Bluetooth technology, including smart phones, laptops and tablets.41. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?A. Every technology product costs an average of $252.B. Cons
9、umers are spending $252 more on technology products than last year.C. Consumers should spend $252 on their technology products.D. It is estimated that $252 on average might be spent on electronics by consumers in 2012.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。此句意为，2012年消费者在科技上的花费平均有252美元。42. According to Brian Tong, why may p
10、eople prefer the iPad Mini to the Google Nexus 7?A. Because it is cheaper.B. Because it has more functions.C. Because you can read books and surf the Internet with it.D. Because it offers you a lot of things like maps that work better than Apples maps.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。“but if you want the largest robu
11、st group of apps (应用软件) thats where the iPad and Apples ecosystem shines the most.”说明强大的应用软件才是苹果系统的最大亮点。所以人们更喜欢苹果平板电脑，是因为它有更多功能。43. What does “Its hardware” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A. The hardware of tablet computers.B. The hardware of the Apple iPad.C. The hardware of the Google Nexus 7.D. The hard
12、ware of the iPad Mini.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。上一段“One of Apples biggest competitors is the Google Nexus 7.”说明作者在把Google Nexus 7和Apple iPad进行比较。故选C。44. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. People will spend most of their money on electronics.B. Photos can be uploaded from the camera when
13、 connected to a computer.C. A streaming media box is a box which can contain CDs.D. Most people would like to buy electronics as gifts.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。文章第一句“Consumer electronics once again topped the list of the most wanted gifts this holiday season.”就说明大多数人想买电子产品作为礼物。故D正确。45. Which of the following
14、would be the best title of the passage?A. Electronics: Peoples Most Favorite Gifts this yearB. Which is More Popular, the Apple iPad Mini or the Google Nexus 7?C. Latest Technology ProductsD. More Electronics to Choose from【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲了今年人们最喜爱的礼物-电子产品。故选A。【2013界广东省茂名市一模】CMany of us mistakenl
15、y believe that its wrong to think we have any good qualities. We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self criticism is the key to improving our performance. However, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends wit
16、h other people. How can we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed（有缺陷）? If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesnt like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. Perhaps yo
17、u and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time. Dont take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. For all the factors th
18、at might cause one person to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your favor with someone else. You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life. There are many people who dont mind your extra pounds. You
19、 may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not e
20、veryone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior（自卑） because you dont have much money and you dont drive a nice car. You can believe that this is the reason that you dont have many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be sus
21、picious that everyone is after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person. The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe its the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any. 36. According to the author _ plays an important role in making friends.A. admitting
22、your shortcomings B. self criticism C. modesty D. confidence【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people.既然我们强调我们的缺点有可能在交朋友方面成为绊脚石，那么我们就应该自信，故选D。37. If you are not liked by a person, _ .A. you should find the reason in yourself
23、B. youd better talk with the person face to faceC. you may not be the one to be blamedD. you and that person misunderstand each other【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesnt like you might be fear
24、ful, or shallow, or busy or shy.不喜欢你也许和你一点关系都没有，你也许不应该受到责备，故选C。38. We can learn from the third paragraph that _ .A. your good qualities may turn out to be your flawsB. your weakness may also be your strengths in some wayC. your negative qualities cause a person to reject youD. youll have few friends
25、 if your flaws are bigger than your good qualities【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else.你的弱点也许是在某方面是你的强项，故选B。39. Which of the following is true according to the author?A. It is important to lose weight.B. It is easier for a
26、wealthy person to make friends.C. Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance.D. If you are not beautiful enough, try to improve your physical beauty.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking fo
27、r physical beauty in their friends.内心的美比外在的美要重要的多，故选C。40. What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?A. How to find your good qualities.B. How to make friends.C. How to make self criticism.D. How to lose weight.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据The point is that you can focus on
28、just about anything and believe its the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any.既然找到了交不上朋友的原因，那么就应该找出自己的好的品质，下面就应该写如何找到自己好的品质，故选A。阅读理解课堂练学案（26）Passage Twenty- nine (Men Are Carrying on a Sex-fight)This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you wouldnt think of if you could heat what t
29、he average man thinks of the average woman/ Women won their independence years ago. After a long, bitter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in almost every field. The
30、 hard-fought battle for recognition has been won, but it is by no means over. It is men, not women who still carry on the sex war because their attitude remains basically hostile. Even in the most progressive societies, women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens. To hear some men talk, yo
31、ud think that women belonged to a different species!On the surface, the comments made by men about womens abilities seem light-hearted. The same tired jokes about women drivers are repeated day in, day out. This apparent light-heartedness dose not conceal the real contempt that men feel for women. H
32、owever much men sneer at women, their claims to superiority are not borne out by statistics. Lets consider the matter of driving, for instance. We all know that women cause far fewer accidents than men. They are too conscientious and responsible to drive like maniacs. But this is a minor quibble. Wo
33、men have succeeded in any job you care to name. As politicians, soldiers, doctors, factory-hands, university professors, farmers, company directors, lawyers, bus-conductors, scientists and presidents of countries they have often put men to shame. And we must remember that they frequently succeed bri
34、lliantly in all these fields in addition to bearing and rearing children.Yet men go on maintaining the fiction that there are many jobs women cant don Top-level political negotiation between countries, business and banking are almost entirely controlled by men, who jealously guard their so-called ri
35、ghts. Even in otherwise enlightened places like Switzerland women havent even been given the cote. This situation is preposterous! The arguments that men put forward to exclude women from these fields are all too familiar. Women, they say, are unreliable and irrational. They depend too little on coo
36、l reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to arrive at decisions. They are not even capable of thinking clearly. Yet when women prove their abilities, men refuse to acknowledge them and give them their due. So much for a mans ability to think clearly!The truth is that men cling to their sup
37、remacy because of their basic inferiority complex. They shun real competition. They know in their hearts that women are superior and they are afraid of being beaten at their own game. One of the most important tasks in the world is to achieve peace between the nations. You can be sure that if women
38、were allowed to sit round the conference table, they would succeed brilliantly, as they always do, there men have failed for centuries. Some things are too important to be left to men!1. What does the first sentence imply?A. It is not really an enlightened age. . It is different from an enlightened
39、age.C. It is the same as an enlightened age. C. It is like an enlightened age.2. Why do men carry on the sex war against women?A. Because of their inferiority. . Because they shun real competition.C. Because of their claim to supremacy. D. Because they still look down upon women.3. The “fiction” is
40、closest in meaning to A. Novel. . Man-made idea. C. False idea. D. Story.4. What is the main argument men have raised against women?A. Women are lack of cold reasoning. . They depend on intuition too much.C. They are unreliable and irrational. C. They are too still look down upon women.Vocabulary1.
41、conscientious 认真的，真心实意的2. maniac 疯狂的，疯子3. preposterous 反常的，荒谬的4. quibble 狡辩，摸棱两可难句译注1. the inferiority complex 自卑情绪，指一种由自悲感引起的复杂心理状态，对应词是the superiority complex 自高情绪2. So much for a mans ability to think clearly! 这是对男人想清楚能力的讽刺，译文应根据上下文而定。上文说到“妇女甚至难以想得清楚。可是当妇女证明她们有此能力时，男人拒不承认。” 参考译文 男人想清楚的能力可真大啊。3. B
42、ut this is a minor quibble. 参考译文 这是一个小小的狡辩。4. They have often put men to shame.参考译文 她们经常使男人无地自容。写作方法与文章大意 文章论及“男人轻视妇女”的问题。采用对比因果的手法写作。先提出妇女经过艰苦卓绝的斗争，赢得了独立的胜利，得到了承认，可是斗争远没结束。因为男子继续在进行性别斗争。下面就从男女双方对比，也可以说，男方轻视妇女及其理由，女方据理反驳。最后作者指出男人轻视妇女的根本原因是他们的自卑情绪。答案祥解1. A. 这确实不是一个启蒙时代。（1）这是第一句话语气和言词传递出来的内容。“这个时代应该是一
43、个启蒙时期，可是假如你听到男人怎么说女人的，你就不会这么认为。”（2）正篇文章也传递了这个信息。B. 不同于启蒙时期。 C. 这时代跟启蒙时代一样。 D. 这时代象个启蒙时期。 这三项都不对。2. C. 他们对至高无上权威的追求。答案在最后一段“事实是由于男人们基本的自卑情绪，他们追求至高无上的权威。他们躲避真正的竞争。他们心里明白妇女比他们优秀，因此他们害怕在他们自己的游戏中失利。”A. 因为他们自卑。 B. 因为他们躲避真正的竞争。 D. 因为他们仍然轻视妇女。3. C. 错误观点。Fiction本意为“虚构”，此处上下文决定此义：“可是男人们继续坚持这种错误的观点：有许多工作妇女干不了，
44、两国高级政治谈判，商业和银行几乎全部为男人们所控制，他们忌妒地保卫着他们所谓的权利。”A. 小说。 D. 故事。 这是fiction两种基本含义，这里不对。 B. 人为思想。文中没有这种意义。4. C. 他们不可信，不理智。答案见第三段“他们把妇女排除这些领域之外，所提出的论点是（众所周知）老调重弹。他们说妇女不可信，不理智。在做决定时，太依赖于直觉和本能。冷静得推理太少。”A. 他们缺少冷静的推理。 B. 他们太依赖于直觉，这两项只是本段中用以解释“不可信，不理智的。” D. 他们太认真。这是在第二段总提到的内容“我们都知道妇女引起的交通事故比男人少得多，她们非常认真负责不会像发疯似的开车。
45、”【2013届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】BThis is an old tale. Its the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf that blew down a house made of straw and one made of sticks. The only house left standing was the one made of bricks. Now there is new evidence to suggest that houses built with bales of
46、straw can be very strong. They are also environmental. Pete Walker is a professor at the University of Bath in Britain. He and a team of researchers there have built a house made out of straw bales and hemp material. During the next twelve months the team will study the effectiveness of these materi
47、als in home building. Professor Walker says there are many good reasons for using straw. Professor Walker says that one of the benefits is that its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. According to Professor Walker, straw takes in carbon dioxide as it grows. So it c
48、an be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment. He says straw helps the environment in other ways. Professor Walker: “The straw bale walls are relatively thick and so all that straw provides very good thermal(of heat) insulation. So we make buildings that require very little heating in t
49、he winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer. So they require very little additional energy.” Professor Walker says this reduces home operating expenses. It also reduces the effect on the environment. He says the current interest in straw bale houses is a direct response to the problem of c
50、limate change. David Lanfear owns an eco-friendly home building service in the United States called Bale on Bale Construction. He says he laughed when some friends first told him about houses built of straw. But after doing his own research, he learned that building with straw bales made a lot of se
51、nse. He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. To build the houses, he fills a wood frame with tightly packed bales of straw. Next he coats the walls inside and out with layers of clay plaster. He says the common ideas
52、 about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire. Mr. Lanfear says straw bale houses have done well when tested for fire resistance. And he says his builders use the same building methods as traditional builders to keep out rain. David Lanfear: “We use what we call good shoes
53、 and a good hat, and that would be a solid foundation and a really good roof.”46. The function of the story in the first paragraph is to _.A. amuse the readersB. introduce the topic of this passage C. help the readers to recall their childhood memoryD. remind the readers that bricks are no longer th
54、e best choice for building 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据用这个寓言故事来引出下文，因为它们有相同之处都是叙述的房子的问题，故选B。47. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “insulation” in paragraph six? A. protection B. condition C. transmission D. expansion 【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据The straw bale walls are relatively t
55、hick及So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer.可以猜出厚厚的草起保护的作用，故选A。48. Whats David Lanfears attitude towards the straw houses at last?A. Doubtful B. Approving C. Defensive D. Negative 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据He has now helped to build mor
56、e than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. 最后David Lanfear是同意接受了用草做成的房子的。故选B。49. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the house built with straw bales?A. It is environmentally friendly.B. The supply of its building materials is easily guar
57、anteed.C. It is comparatively economical.D. It is free from fires.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment.这种房子是环保的，选项A符合原文；thats readily available.这些草是可以再生的，更新快，所以房子的原料是可以保证的，选项B符合原文；its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available.
58、 这种房子是经济适用，花费不多，选项C符合原文；以上都是草屋的优点，只有选项D没有提到，故选D。50. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Professor Walker is still not very sure about whether the straw bales and hemp material are as useful as they expect.B. According to Professor Walker, climate change contributes to peop
59、les present attention to straw bale houses. C. Peoples idea about the straw houses remains the same.D. The straw bale house built by David Lanfear share the same method to keep out rain as the traditional ones. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire.人们的对于草房子的观点不可能完全一致，故选C。