1、课时作业 4.单词拼写 1The young man _(管理)his business carefully.2The research can not be completed without _(充分的)funding.3We had to _(辞职)ourselves to making a loss on the sale.4As we know,the Internet helps people have easy _(通路)to all kinds of information.5Tom is a terrible dancer;hes too _(笨拙的)and keeps st
2、epping on his partners feet.6The company plans to _(加强)its hand in Europe by opening an office in Spain.7A lot of people are _(反对)to the plan of building a new factory near the school.8Obviously we cant deal with the problem until we know all the _(情况)9That meeting achieved _(绝对地)nothing it was a co
3、mplete waste of time.10The washing machine broke down just after the_(保修期)ran out.答案 1conducted 2.adequate 3.resign 4.access 5clumsy 6.strengthen 7.opposed 8circumstances 9.absolutely 10.guarantee.单句语法填空 1Mr.Green got his milk _(deliver)to the door.2I think it good if they banned_(smoke)in restauran
4、ts and cafes as well.3How unhappy your roommate looks!Yes,but hes not willing to tell me what it is _ is troubling him.4He rushed to the airport only_(tell)that the plane was high up in the sky.5Bob was the first singer _(win)the Nobel Prize in literature.6This is such a difficult problem _ nobody c
5、an work out.7The center,dealing with children_(addict)to computer games has achieved great success.8The effect global warming has _ mans existence is more unpleasant.9In recent years,large quantities of Chinese medicine _(export)to more than 130 countries due to its magic effects.10He escaped _(kill
6、)by holding on to a tree.答案 1delivered 2.smoking 3.that 4.to be told 5to win 6.as 7.addicted 8.on 9have been exported 10.being killed.完成句子 1他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被耽搁了。They _ at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.2我本该早点儿来的，但我不知道当时他们正在等我。I _ sooner but I _ that they were waiting for me.3要不是约翰最近受伤了
7、，我们昨天就把他的名字填在比赛名单里了。We _ Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.4如果不是他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那个项目。But for their help，we _ the program in time.5在打篮球方面，没有人能够与姚明相比。No one _ Yao Ming in playing basketball.答案 1should have arrived 2would have come；didnt know 3would have put 4could not have
8、 finished 5can be compared with.阅读理解 A In the United States alone,over 100 million cellphones are thrown away each year.Cellphones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than tradi
9、tional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste,the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was hi
10、gher in socalled ewaste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed,the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries,in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonou
11、s substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material,up to 100 times more than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cellphone,and imagine the mines that produced those metals,the factories needed to make the
12、 box and packaging(包装)it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The US.Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“the production,distribution,and use of productsas well as management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas
13、 release.”Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the startfor instance,buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste.If producers
14、 are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products,would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why,they ask,should cities or towns be responsible for pa
15、ying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television?From the governments point of view,a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the prod
16、ucers.1By mentioning the Swiss study,the author intends to tell us that _ Athe weight of egoods is rather small Bewaste deserves to be made good use of Cnatural minerals contain more precious metals Dthe percentage of precious metals is heavy in ewaste 2The responsibility of ewaste treatment should
17、be extended _ Afrom producers to government Bfrom government to producers Cfrom individuals to distributors Dfrom distributors to government 3What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe increase in ewaste.BThe creation of ewaste.CThe seriousness of ewaste.DThe management of ewaste.答案与解析 1B 推理判断题。根据
18、 the Swiss study 定位到第二段，根据段落大意“Electronic devices contain valuable metals.the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in socalled ewaste than in naturally occurring minerals.”电子垃圾包含大量的有价金属，而且含量甚至比矿物质中的含量高，言外之意，我们应该好好利用这些电子垃圾，故选项 B。2B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“a primary goal of laws requir
19、ing extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the producers.”可 知 responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the producers.责任从政府和纳税人回到生产者，即增强生产者的责任感，重点是
20、回归生产者，故选择 B。3D 主旨大意题。纵观全文，首先提出电子垃圾急剧增长的现象，进而提出电子垃圾的价值与危害，最后从个人、生产商与政府角度阐述解决方案，故全文从不同的角度讲述如何管理电子垃圾，故选择 D。B People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United States,but they do it at a far higher temperature than is necessary to kill germs,a new study says.The energy waste is equivalen
21、t to the fuel use of a small country.Amanda R.Carrico,a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee,told National Geographic that hand washing is often“a case where people act in ways that they think are in their best interest,but they in fact hav
22、e inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.”Carrico said,“Its certainly true that heat kills bacteria,but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be a way too hot for you to tolerate.”Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature,her team found“no evidence
23、that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.”Even water as cold as 40F(4.4C)appeared to reduce bacteria as well as hotter water,if hands were scrubbed,rinsed(冲洗)and dried properly.Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary,as well as wasteful
24、,Carrico said,particularly when it comes to the environment.According to her research,people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands.Using that number,Carricos team calculated a significant impact on the planet.“Although the choice of water temperature during a single
25、 hand wash may appear unimportant,when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year,this practice results in more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually，”she said.The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of Internati
26、onal Journal of Consumer Studies.They recommended washing with water that is at a“comfortable”temperature,which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.4Whats the meaning of what Carrico told National Geographic in the second paragraph?APeople are more concerned about their he
27、alth and begin to wash their hands.BIts important for people to wash their hands to keep healthy.CGenerally,peoples hand washing behaviors and perceptions are not correct.DPeople like washing their hands very much.5The figures in the sixth paragraph are used to show that _.Ausing hot water to wash h
28、ands has a bad influence on our planet Bair pollution has become more and more serious Cusing hot water to wash hands is a waste of energy Dpeople should pay more attention to the environment around us 6This passage is organized in the pattern of _ Afact and opinion Bcause and effect Cdefinition and
29、 classification Dtime and events 7What can we learn from the passage?AIts necessary and useful for people to wash their hands frequently every day.BWe can wash our hands with water that is at a“comfortable”temperature.CUsing cold water to wash hands is necessary and much healthier.DHot water cant ki
30、ll germs.答案与解析 本文是一篇研究报告。热水洗手是不是能杀死更多的细菌？研究证明并非如此，而且还浪费了资源。4C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions”的转折可知，一般来讲，人们洗手的观念和行为都是不太正确的，故选 C。5A 推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“Using that number,Carricos team calculated a significant impact on the planet”的过渡可知，本句承上启下，第六段引用的那些数字就是为了证明用热水洗手对地球带来的消极影响，故选 A。6A 写作意图题。通过对文章的整体理解，尤其是第六段可知，本文主要是通过列举事实，同时表达作者自己的观点的方式进行行文的，故选 A。7B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“They recommended washing with water that is at a comfortable temperature,which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.”可知，我们洗手用舒适温度的水即可，不必太热，也不必太凉，故选 B。
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