1、读文清障The Road to Destruction“This morning it took me forty minutes to get to work.More road construction works on the A10！”“Oh really?It took me over an hour.There was an accident on the M11.”It takes/took sb.时间段to do sth.某人花多长时间做某事。get to work去上班construction/knstrkn/n建筑；建筑物under construction正在建造之中ac
2、cident n事故 by accident偶然，意外地原文呈现 Section Lesson 4读文清障原文呈现get stuck in陷入中，困在中be trapped in陷入中be caught in陷入中traffic jams交通阻塞，塞车stressed out极度焦虑的，非常紧张疲惫的stressed out,tired and angry是形容词短语，在句中作状语。“Youre both lucky.It took me two hours!You dont have to use the M25.”How often have you heard these convers
3、ations?How often do we get stuck in traffic jams？How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry？读文清障原文呈现motor/mt/adj.机动车辆的；n.马达，发动机compared to.“和比起来”，是过去分词短语作状语。figure/fIg/n数字，数目the number of.“的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。a number of.“许多/大量的”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。go up上升by prep.表示数量的增减程度；to表
4、示数量增减到For many people in Britain,the answer is every day.But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the motor car.Here are some figures：In the last ten years,the number of cars on the roads in Britain has gone up by 30%.读文清障原文呈现over超过，多于engine/endIn/n发动机，引擎engineer n工程师，技师enginee
5、ring n工程学carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳atmosphere n大气，气氛There are now 25 million cars in this country.Over three thousand people die every year in road accidents in Britain.In London,car enginesproduce 99%of all carbon monoxide in the atmosphere.读文清障原文呈现per/p/adj.每，每一be related to 和有关be conne
6、cted with 和有关have something to do with 和有关21 cause n起因；v.引起cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事cause and effect因果关系22 average adj.平均的，平均数的；n.平均水平，平均数23 centigrade/sentIgreId/n摄氏(度)Twenty-five thousand deaths per year are caused by air pollution.Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.Traffic is
7、one of the major causes21 of global warming and climate change.The average22global temperature is about 0.5 degrees centigrade 23 higher than it was 100 years ago.毁灭之路以上部分译文“今天早上，我花了四十分钟去上班。A10 公路上施工的地方又多了！”“噢，真的吗？我用了一个多小时。M11公路上发生了一起交通事故。”“你们俩真幸运。我用了两个小时！你们都不必走 M25这条路。”这样的对话你多久听到一次？我们有多少次遇到塞车？有多少次我
8、们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？对于许多英国人来说答案是天天如此。但是比起汽车的实际代价，紧张和恼怒还是微不足道的。这里有一些数据：在过去的10年里，英国路上行驶的汽车数量上升了30%。现在这个国家有2 500万辆汽车。英国每年有3 000多人死于车祸。伦敦大气中99%的一氧化碳是由汽车的发动机产生的。每年25 000人死于空气污染。有些类型的癌症和交通污染有关系。交通是全球变暖、气候变化的主要原因之一。全球平均温度比100年前高大约0.5摄氏度。读文清障原文呈现24 carry on继续25 make excuses找借口26 admit/dmIt/vt.承认，供认admi
9、t doing sth.承认做了某事admit sb.to be.承认某人为admit sb.to/into.允许某人进入27 addicted/dIktId/adj.沉溺于的be addicted to沉溺于28 give up放弃We know that cars are bad for us.So why do we carry on24 using our cars so much?We all make excuses25：“The buses are terrible.”“The trains are always late！”“I havent got time to walk.
10、”Im talking about myself,too.I admit26：Im addicted27 to my car.When I asked Jenny Trowe of Greenpeace for advice about how to give up28，she told me six things：读文清障原文呈现29 regular adj.频繁的，经常的on a regular basis定期地30 cut the risk of降低的风险cut down on削减，缩小1 Use your legs.Over 25%of car journeys are under t
11、wo miles short journeys we could easily walk or cycle.Leg power can save you money,keep you fit and help you live longer.And regular29 exercise cuts the risk of30 heart disease by 50%!读文清障原文呈现31 on average平均；通常above/below average平均水平以上/以下at an average speed of以平均的速度32 while“而，却”，连接两个并列分句，语意上表示对比。33
12、occupy/kjpaI/vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)be occupied in/with(doing)sth.忙于(做)某事34 so what那又怎样Now what？又怎么了？What if.？如果怎么样？2 Use public transport.On average 31，about forty people travel in one bus,while 32 the same number occupy33thirty-three cars.Sometimes it can take a little bit longer,but so what34？You can re
13、lax on the bus or train,read a book,talk to someone,meet the love of your life who knows?读文清障原文呈现35 around the corner 附近；在拐角处；即将来临36 share v分担，分享share sth.with sb.与某人分担/分享某物37 have got to have to 必须，不得不3 Think before you go.Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town?W
14、hat about the shops around the corner35？Before you get into your car,think about whether you really need to make that journey.4 Share 36cars.If youve really got to 37 use a car,share journeys with someone else.It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.以上部分译文 既然我们知道汽车对我们不利，那么大家为什么还要继续频繁地使用汽车呢？
15、我们会找出种种借口：“公共汽车让人难以忍受。”“火车经常晚点！”“我没有时间步行。”我也是在说我自己。我承认：我沉迷于汽车难以自拔。我曾向绿色和平组织的珍妮托沃讨教怎样放弃汽车，她告诉了我6条建议：1 尽量步行。25%以上的车程通常不到两英里这样短的路程步行或骑自行车都很容易。步行可以省钱、保持健康，并且有助于长寿。经常锻炼可以降低50%的心脏病发病概率！2 使用公共交通工具。平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。有时乘公共交通工具可能会多花一点儿时间，但是这又有什么关系呢？你可以在公共汽车或者火车上放松一下，读书，和人聊天，或许你能遇见你生命中的挚爱谁知道会
16、发生什么事呢？3出门前仔细考虑。你真的不得不到城市另一边的购物中心去吗？到附近商店购物如何？上车前，认真考虑一下你是否真的需要那次行程。4共用车。如果你真的需要用车，和别人开一辆车去。这样更省钱，又更有益于保护环境。读文清障原文呈现5 Dont believe advertisements!Nearly a quarter of 38 all the advertisements on TV are about cars.You see an attractive man or woman driving a fast car through beautiful countryside.Its
17、 not true!That new car wont make you more attractive.And you wont be driving on an empty country road.Youll be stuck in a traffic jam in a city or on a highway39！38 a quarter of四分之一39 highway/haIweI/n公路高速公路：expressway,freeway,motorway读文清障原文呈现6 Take action40 somehow41！We often think there is nothing
18、we can do about the noise,pollution and danger of traffic.There is.If your streets full of heavy traffic,talk to your neighbours about it.Write to the papers.Go to the city government.Ask for a speed limit 42.Ask for a pedestrian area 43.Do whichever 44 of these things that suit45 you.Dont just sit
19、around46 and complain47！40 take action采取行动41 somehow/smha/adv.以某种方式anyhow adv.无论如何，不管怎么样42 limit n.C限度，极限without limit无限制地43 a pedestrian area步行区44 whichever/wItev/pron.无论哪个45 suit/sut/vt.适合46 sit around闲坐；无所事事47 complain vi.抱怨读文清障原文呈现All quite simple48，isnt it?Six easy ways to improve our environme
20、nt.Well,Im sorry I must finish this article.Ive got to pick up 49 my daughter from school at four oclock.Then Ive got to drive to Sainsburys to do the shopping.After that I have to take my son to a party.And tomorrow were driving 50 over to see my mother.The traffics going to be awful,but what can w
21、e do？48 All quite simple是All is quite simple的省略形式。49 pick up接送(某人)50 be driving 此处是现在进行时表示将来的动作。5 不要相信广告！几乎四分之一的电视广告和汽车有关。你会看见一位颇具吸引力的男士或女士开着车快速地行驶在风景秀丽的乡间。那不是真的！那辆新车不会使你更具吸引力。你也不会在空旷的乡间公路上开车。你会在城市里或高速公路上遭遇堵车！6 用某种方式采取行动！我们常常以为自己对噪音、污染和交通危险无能为力。其实不然。如果你居住的街道交通不畅，你可以和邻居谈谈。给报社写封信。去市政府申诉。请求限速。申请画出斑马线步行
22、区。做上述任何一件适合你的事情都可以。不要只坐在那里抱怨！这些办法都很简单，是不是？6种改善我们环境的简便易行的方法。遗憾的是，我必须在此停笔了。我4点钟得去学校接女儿，然后开车去圣斯伯里购物，接着还得送儿子去参加聚会。明天我们要开车去看望我的母亲。交通肯定会很糟糕，但我们又有什么办法呢？.词义匹配1construction atotal sum or value2crossroads bunable to stop taking or using sth.as a habit3amount crelated to someones body rather than their mind or
23、 emotions4physical dto recognize or acknowledge sth.as true,often reluctantly5figure ethe act of constructing something6addicted fto take up or fill7admit gthe place where two roads meet and cross8occupy hwritten symbol for a number答案：1.e 2.g 3.a 4.c 5.h 6.b 7.d 8.f.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1_ n 数量2_ adj.身体的，物质
24、的3_ n.数字，数目4_ adj.沉溺于的5_ vt.承认，供认6_ vt.居住7_ vt.适合amountphysicalfigureaddictedadmitoccupysuit.补全短语1go _上升2_ average 通常3if 如果这样4be related 与有关5be addicted 对上瘾6_ action 采取行动7keep 保持健康8So _那又怎样？uponsotototakefitwhat?1If so,what kind of car is it?如果是这样，那是什么类型的车？句式分析 if 引导的省略句。佳句赏析 假如是这样，我希望他付给你的租金比我更多。If
25、 so,I hope hell pay you better than I.2This morning it took me forty minutes to get to work.今天早上，我花了四十分钟去上班。句式分析 it takes sb.sometime to do sth.“某人花费多长时间做某事”。佳句赏析 完成这项任务花了我们两天的时间。It took us two days to finish the task.3.How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out,tired,and angry?有多少次，我们在极其
26、焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？句式分析 stressed out,tired and angry 为形容词短语作状语，表示伴随情况。佳句赏析 飞机最终着陆，安然无恙。The plane landed finally,safe and sound.4.On average,about forty people travel in one bus,while the same number occupy thirty-three cars.平均而言，大约 40 人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占用 33 辆小汽车。句式分析 while 在此为并列连词，意为“而，却，然而”，表示对比
27、性转折。佳句赏析 当前，一些发达国家陷入衰退，而一些发展中国家却充满生机。At present,some developed countries are on the decrease whilesome developing countries are full of life.With the rapid development of our society and improvement of peoples living standard,many families have their private cars.Well,can you say something about the
28、 following pictures?We can never imagine what our life will turn into without private cars,which do bring us more convenience than ever before.First,private cars enable us to get anywhere we want to go anytime.Second,private cars play an important role in our economy nationwide,for the car industry
29、can provide people out of work with jobs.However,every coin has two sides.With the number ofprivate cars going up,some difficult problems appear.First of all,private cars give off a large quantity of poisonous gases,which inturn destroy our environment and do harm to our health.Andfurthermore,privat
30、e cars also result in lots of traffic jams oraccidents.But even so,we shouldnt throw an apple for itscore.To make the most of private cars,we should take measuresto strengthen traffic management.Read for the detailsTrue(T)or False(F)1In Britain the number of cars in the last ten years has increased
31、very quickly.()2The average global temperature a hundred years ago was about 0.5 degree centigrade lower than it is today.()3Many people refuse to use cars because they think cars are bad for us.()4Regular exercise can help avoid heart attack.()5 Sharing journeys with someone else by car is more env
32、ironmentally friendly and less expensive.()6New car will make you more attractive.()7You can always drive your new car on an empty country road.()8Human can do nothing about the noise,pollution and danger of traffic.()答案：18 TTFTTFFF.Read for the structureRead the text carefully and then fill in the
33、chart with the information in the text.The Road to DestructionSome figures about the motor carThere are 25 million cars in Britain now and the number has 1._ by 30%in the last decade.Over 25%of car journeys are less than two miles.Nearly 25%of the TV 2._ are about cars.increased/risenadvertisementsS
34、afetyOver 3,000 people die every year in road 4._ in Britain.HealthIn London,99%of carbon monoxide is 5._ by car engines and 25,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.Bad 3._ClimateTraffic 6._ a lot to global warming and climate chan
35、ge.effectsaccidentsproducedcontributes 7._Walking or 8._ for short journeys to save money and keep fit as well.Using public transport in place of cars to save a lot of 9._.10._ car journeys with someone else to be environmentally friendly.Taking action instead of sitting around and complaining.Solut
36、ionscyclingspaceSharing1.Amount of TV advertising：(P42)电视广告的总量：amount n数量 vi.合计，接近large amounts of a large amount of大量(修饰不可数名词)amount to 总共，合计He owed me 50,but could only pay half that amount.他欠我五十英镑，但只能还总数的一半。A large amount of money _(spend)on the bridge.Large amounts of money _(spend)on the bridge
37、.(建)这座桥花了很多钱。His words amounted _ a threat.他的话实际上是种威胁。名师点津(1)amount构成的短语“大量的”修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词取决于 amount 的单复数。(2)amount 指“量”，与不可数名词连用；number 指“数”，与可数名词连用。was spentwere spentto2Here are some figures：(P42)这里有一些数据：figure n数字；人物；身材；图形 vt.计算；认为写出下列句中 figure 的含义My uncle has an income of seven figures a yea
38、r._He has become a figure known to everyone._She does exercise every morning to keep her figure._The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers._We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait._数字人物身材图形认为figure out 计算出；想出；理解figure on 指望；打算figure that.认为He figured _ some help from his brother
39、.他指望从他哥哥那里得到些帮助。Hes trying to figure _ a way to solve the problem.他正在努力找出解决问题的方法。onout3I admit:Im addicted to my car.(P43)我承认，我沉溺于汽车难以自拔。admit vt.承认，供认；容纳；接受admit doing/having done sth.承认做某事be admitted to/into.被录取admit to sb.that.向某人承认You must admit the task to be difficult.你必须承认这项任务难。He had to admi
40、t _(steal)the car.他不得不承认偷了那辆车。He _ Beijing University.他被北京大学录取了。stealing/having stolenwas admitted into/toaddicted adj.沉溺于的(1)be/become/get addicted to doing sth.对痴迷；沉溺于(2)addict vt.沉迷于；使上瘾 n.(吸毒)成瘾者；有瘾的人addict oneself to sth.沉迷于某物People who often smoke are likely to be addicted to nicotine.经常抽烟的人很可
41、能对尼古丁上瘾。The young man _ alcohol after the failure of his marriage.自从婚姻失败后，那个年轻人沉溺于酒精难以自拔。Addicted to _(surf)on the Net,the kid stayed in the net bar all night,not going home.由于沉溺于上网，这个孩子整夜待在网吧里不回家。addicted himself tosurfing4On average,about forty people travel in one bus，while the same number occupy
42、 thirty-three cars.(P43)平均而言，大约 40 人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据 33 辆小轿车。on average 通常；平均起来above/below(the)average 在平均水准以上/下up to(the)average 达到平均数/水平an average of.平均有(后跟数词)We fail one student per year on average.我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。Temperatures are _(the)average for the time of year.温度高于此时的年平均温度。Harry is _ avera
43、ge in his lessons and Jim is about _the average.哈里的功课在平均水平以下，吉姆的功课刚达到一般水平。abovebelowup tooccupy vt.占用(时间、面积、空间等)；占领1occupy oneself with sth.be occupied with sth.be busy with sth.忙于某事2occupy oneself in doing sth.be occupied in doing sth.be busy in doing sth.忙于做某事During the war,Germany occupied many c
44、ountries,including France.战争期间，德国占领了很多国家，包括法国。The workers occupied themselves in building new houses.The workers _ building new houses.工人们正在忙着盖新房子。When I came in,he was being occupied with his housework.When I came in,he _ his housework.我进来时他正忙于做家务。were occupied inwas occupying himself with5Do which
45、ever of these things that suit you.(P43)做上述任何一件适合你的事情都可以。suit vt.适合(1)suit.to使适合be suited to 适合/适应于(2)suitable adj.适合的be suitable for 适合于Will it suit you if I come around at three?我 3 点左右来，你觉得合适吗？The programme is _(suit)for children.这个节目适宜儿童。You should be suited _ the new surroundings.你应当适应新环境。suita
46、bleto1How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out,tired and angry?有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？stressed out,tired and angry 是形容词短语在句中作状语，用于说明主语的特征或状态，常表示伴随情况，有时也表示原因、条件、让步等。He turned away,disappointed.他失望地走开了。_,the thief hid himself in the corner.由于害怕被抓住，小偷藏在角落里。The rabbit turned over,_.兔
47、子翻了个身，死了。In spite of the terrible weather,he landed all the passengers _.尽管天气很糟糕，他还是使所有乘客都安然无恙地着陆了。Afraid of being caughtdeadsafe and sound2On average,about forty people travel in one bus,while the same number occupy thirty-three cars.平均而言，大约 40 人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据 33 辆小轿车。while 为并列连词，连接两个并列句，表示转折、
48、对比，意为“而，却”；另外，while 还可以用作从属连词，意为“只要；当时候；尽管”。I went swimming while the other played tennis.我去游泳，其余的人则去打网球了。_,theres hope.只要活着就有希望。_,I cant agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。He took a bath _.我准备晚餐的时候他在洗澡。While theres lifeWhile I understand what you saywhile I was preparing dinner课时跟踪检测_.单句语法填空1We have
49、never been able to figure her _.2_ average,men are taller than women by several inches.3A large amount of money _(spend)on this project so far.4This coat isnt suitable _ me.5We arrived home,hungry and _(tire)outOnhas been spentfortired.完成句子1你喜欢体育，而我却喜欢读书。You like sports,_.2我承认打破了窗子。I admitted _ the window.3孩子们对网络游戏上瘾了。The children _ online games.4他昨天忙着写信。He _ letters yesterday.while Id rather readbreaking/having brokenhave been addicted towas occupied in writing “课时跟踪检测”见“Unit 18 课时跟踪检测（十四）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看