1、课时作业4Starting out & Understanding ideasWhen Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $500,000 “genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. _1_， she put the money in the bank and _2_ writing poems.In 2011, she finally _3_ what to do with it.That year, Heathers god
2、son and his wife _4_ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled.“I saw how peoples _5_ can change overnight.She _6_ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled.So in 2012, Heather _7_ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday free vac
3、ation to people who have been caregivers for at least 10 years.Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation.When Tricia got a call about the vacation, she couldnt _8_ it.Disbelief even _9_ her concern about leaving her two kids.Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjo
4、y the _10_ things.“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold.I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to，” says Tricia.She was afraid the _11_ would return when the vacation was over, but to her surprise, it hasnt been back since.Heather says Tricias _12_ resembles those of
5、 the other ten caregivers she helps every year.“Before the vacation they are so _13_， but the change is so amazing. They reflect and relax.It feels _14_ like another world and gives them a chance to see their lives from another _15_，” she adds.本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Heather McHugh利用自己的五十万美元奖金建立了一个非营利组织，为照顾慢性病
6、患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中，从不一样的角度来看待他们的人生。1A.However BThereforeCInstead DBesides答案：C解析：根据文章首句可知，在获得了五十万美元的奖金后，她并没有购买豪车或去巴黎(旅游)，反而，她将这些钱存入银行。C项意为“而是，反而”，符合语境。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“此外”。2A.continued BquittedCpracticed Dstarted答案：A解析：她(这位诗人)获奖后，将奖金存进银行，继续(continued)写诗。quit“停止”；practice“实践，训
7、练”；start“开始”。3A.thought over BwonderedCtalked about Ddecided答案：D解析：根据下文中的“Heather _7_ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday free vacation”可知，此处表示在2011年，她终于决定如何使用这笔钱。decide“决定”，符合语境。think over“仔细考虑”；wonder“想知道，好奇”；talk about“谈到，谈论”。4A.held BwelcomedClost Dsaved答案：B解析：Heather的教子和他的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子
8、，那是一个漂亮的女婴，但是有严重的残疾。welcome“迎接”，符合语境。hold意为“握着，举行”；lose意为“失去”；save意为“拯救，节约”。5A.feelings BfutureClives Droutine答案：C解析：根据语境，并结合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾的女婴可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之间发生改变的。feeling“感觉；感受”；future“未来”；routine“惯例，常规”。6A.discovered BclaimedCadmitted Dfelt答案：A解析：她发现有数百万照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理
9、员。claim“宣称；断言”；admit“承认”；feel“感觉”；discover “发现”。7A.donated BfoundCvisited Dformed答案：D解析：因此Heather在2012年建立了一个非营利组织，为那些当护理员至少十年的人提供七天免费休假。form “建立，组织”，符合语境。donate“捐赠”；find“发现”；visit“参观”。8A.believe BtakeCrefuse Denjoy答案：A解析：根据空后的“Disbelief”可知，Tricia不敢相信她获得了免费休假这件事。believe “相信”，符合语境。9A.woke BdefeatedCsh
10、owed Dmoved答案：B解析：根据even 可知，她对免费休假的怀疑甚至打败(defeated)了对于留下孩子们的担忧。wake “醒来”；show “展示”；move “移动”。10A.wonderful BdeliciousCpeaceful Dsimple答案：D解析：根据空后的“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold.I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to”可知，Tricia在度假时所做的事情都是很简单的(simple)事情。wonder
11、ful“精彩的，极棒的”；delicious“美味的”；peaceful“平静的，和平的”。11A.heaviness BpainCsadness Ddisbelief答案：A解析：她担心度假结束后，自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷，但出乎她意料的是后来的生活并没有回到从前。根据上文可知，Tricia是一个护理员，平时的工作都是照顾病人，生活很少有放松的时候，故heaviness“沉闷”符合语境。pain“伤痛”；sadness“伤心，悲伤”；disbelief “怀疑，不信任”。12A.comment BstoryCsurprise Dfortune答案：B解析：上文讲述的是Tricia享受免费休
12、假的故事，故B项story “故事”符合语境。13A.worried BconfusedCunexpected Dstressed答案：D解析：根据上文提到的Tricia担心度假结束后自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷可知，在旅行前他们的生活有压力，D项“stressed”符合语境。14A.slightly BinterestinglyCmagically Dmostly答案：C解析：这感觉非常神奇(magically)，就像是另外一个世界，并且给了他们一个从另一个角度(angle)看待他们的生活的机会。magically“魔法般地；神奇地”，符合语境。slightly“轻微地”；interestin
13、gly“有趣地”；mostly“大多地”。15A.place BsituationCheight Dangle答案：D解析：参见上题解析。AAs a volunteer, you will discover the unique opportunity of visiting the real world beyond the tourist window and become immersed (沉浸) in the cultures you visit.For many travelers, this time spent working on meaningful projects an
14、d getting to know the local area and its people is often regarded as their most memorable, enjoyable and fulfilling experience.Who can volunteer?Kaya volunteers are 1880 years old people with an adventurous spirit.Whether you have time for a 2week trip or a 6month break, traveling on your own, with
15、a group or with your family, or you are a student, taking a break from your study or have even retired, they will find a project that can use your help.What types of projects can you do?Kayas project advisers work with you to decide which project is best for you and what type of work you like to do.
16、You can work in the following fields：*Environmental preservationFrom the Ecuadorian rainforest to the jungle of Thailand, repair the damage done to some of the most beautiful and diverse places on earth.*Work with childrenThey have over 40 projects working with children across the world in orphanage
17、s, schools and shelters for the abused and disabled.*SportsThrough sports their projects can provide opportunities for health education and the development of life skills such as teamwork, communication, discipline and selfconfidence.*EducationFrom English teaching to education programs for special
18、needs and minority groups, give greater opportunity to the disadvantaged through education.All projects include airport pickups and dropoffs, accommodation, orientation and 24hour support. Many of their placements also include all meals and some language classes so that you can get even more involve
19、d.本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了参加Kaya志愿者项目的条件以及项目的类型等相关信息。1Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo inspire people to volunteer.BTo show the advantage of volunteers.CTo call on volunteers to take part in certain projects.DTo explain different projects to volunteers.答案：C解析：写作意图题。根据第一段尤其是“For many trave
20、lers, this time spent working on meaningful projects”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁志愿者参与某些项目。2What can a volunteer do while doing the advertised voluntary work?AReceive some extra pay for their work.BTravel around for free.CHelp the local people with their work.DVisit the local places of interest.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据“
21、What types of projects can you do？”部分中的“From the Ecuadorian rainforest to the jungle of Thailand, repair the damage done to some of the most beautiful and diverse places on earth”可知，志愿者在做志愿工作的时候能够参观当地的一些名胜古迹。3What can we infer from the “Who can volunteer？” part of this passage?AFew people are willin
22、g to do the voluntary work.BThere are almost no restrictions set on volunteers.CPeople without voluntary experiences are not welcome.DJunior school students can participate in the project.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Who can volunteer？”部分中的描述可知，参加Kaya志愿者项目除了有年龄的要求外几乎没有任何限制。BA 7yearold boy in Ohio tried to sel
23、l his toy dog, police in Franklin said.“We heard about the boy from a man who came into the police station and said there was a small child carrying a stuffed animal in a busy street of Franklin，” Franklin Police Officer Steve Dunham said.When officers went to the area, Dunham spotted the boy in fro
24、nt of a shop and got out of his car to speak with him.“The boy was really nervous at first，” Dunham said. “He told me he was hungry and needed food.”Chief Russ Whitman added the boy said he had not eaten for several days.While other officers went to the childs home, Dunham took the boy to a fast foo
25、d restaurant and the two had dinner together.The officers who went to investigate the boys home reported that it was in terrible condition and there were other children there, adding that they found garbage and liquor bottles everywhere.Four other children11,12,15 and 17also lived in the house.The p
26、arents, who were home at the time, were each charged with child neglect.Child Protective Services contacted other family members to pick up the children.The 7yearold watched cartoons at the police station with a policeman for a few hours until a family member picked him up. The boys parents were not
27、 jailed, but the children remained in the care of relatives, according to Franklin Police. St.Vincent De Paul at St. Marys Church in Franklin is organizing a donation drive to raise money for the family, according to Whitman.“Im very proud of my officers for what they did, but officers across the na
28、tion go above and beyond every single day，” Whitman said.“You can find stories like this everywhere with police officers every day. Thats why we get into the business to help people.”本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了富兰克林的警察帮助一位七岁男孩的经历以及这次经历带给警察 Whitman 的感悟。4Why did the 7yearold boy try to sell his toy dog?ABecause h
29、e wanted to get money for food.BBecause he was concerned with the police.CBecause he needed to own a stuffed animal.DBecause he had no time to do some cooking.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He told me he was hungry and needed food.”可知，这个七岁的男孩努力卖他的玩具狗是因为他想得到钱买食物。5What did Dunham do when other officers went to
30、the boys home?AHe bought the toy from the boy.BHe took the boy to his own home.CHe took the boy to the police station.DHe bought the boy some food.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While other officers went to the childs home, Dunham took the boy to a fast food restaurant and the two had dinner together.”可知，当其他的
31、警察去那个男孩的家的时候， Dunham 带这个男孩去了快餐店，两人一起吃了饭。故选D。6How many children are there in the boys home?A4. B5.C6. D7.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Four other children11,12,15 and 17also lived in the house.”可知，男孩家中另外还有4个孩子，加上这个男孩一共有5个孩子。7What makes Whitman proud?AHelping people in need.BGoing across the nation.CBeginning
32、the business.DFinding the parents guilty.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Im very proud of my officers for what they.Thats why we get into the businessto help people.”可知，使Whitman感到自豪的是帮助那些有需要的人。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Massimo Bottura is an Italian chef, with plans to open two new restaurants in Paris and
33、 Naples next year. But _1_ (wealth) diners will not be welcome.The food will be free, made from marketplace leftovers (剩余物) and offered only to _2_ poor.Botturas Refettorio Ambrosiano restaurant in Milan already feeds poor and homeless people. Chefs there cook free meals with leftovers from local sh
34、ops.They use recipes _3_ (create) by Bottura and other famous _4_ (cook). Bottura said that he never thought leftover foods were a waste.“Some overripe tomatoes, brown bananas.they are just opportunities for us to show _5_ we can do with our creativity.”Bottura _6_ (start) the project to reuse lefto
35、vers from the restaurants of Milans international Expo in 2015. _7_ (like) traditional soup kitchens (施食处), the guests do not have to wait in a line to receive food.Instead, everyone gets served at tables.Thus the number of daily guests _8_ (limit) to 96.Bottura says the experience can _9_ (actual)
36、help his guests regain confidence and take back control of their lives.The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations says about one _10_ (three) of the food produced worldwide each year is wasted or lost.Many people think what Bottura is doing does make sense.本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了意大利著名厨师Massi
37、mo Bottura开饭店为穷人免费提供食物。1wealthy解析：考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰diners。wealthy“富有的”。2the解析：考查冠词。“the形容词”表示一类人，此处指“穷人”，故填the。3created解析：考查非谓语动词。动词create和recipes之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。4cooks解析：考查名词复数。根据other和cook表示“厨师”时是可数名词可知，此处应用名词复数形式。5what解析：考查名词性从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中动词do后面缺少宾语，表示“的事情”，故填wha
38、t。6started解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 2015可知此处用一般过去时。7Unlike解析：考查介词。根据语境判断，Bottura开的饭店与传统的施食处不一样，在Bottura的饭店，吃饭的人不必排队等候，而是坐在饭桌边吃。Unlike“和不一样”。8is_limited解析：考查主谓一致及动词的时态和语态。the number of.“的数量”作主语时，谓语用单数形式；且此处表示一般的情况，number和limit之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。9actually解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词，故填actually“事实上”。10third解析：考查序数词。根据语境可知，此处指三分之一，故填序数词third。