1、第一部分选修八Modules 56.语法填空，单句训练1(2015长沙长郡中学高三一模改编)_spite of the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were able.答案：In考查短语。句意：尽管他不是一位受过训练的经济师，他的成就仍是非凡的。in spite of“尽管，虽然”，符合句意。2(2015天津武清大良中学高三模拟改编) The American teacher asked me if I had been accustomed to _(study) there.答案：studying考查
2、固定搭配。句意，美国老师问我是否习惯了在那里学习。be accustomed to.为固定搭配，表示“习惯于”，其中to为介词，其后要用动名词。3(2015山西省临汾一中高三月考改编)Those young men were _(accuse) by the police of causing a disturbance in the neighborhood.答案：accused考查固定搭配。句意：警察指控那些年轻人在社区引起了混乱。accuse.of.“指控，控告”，符合句意及结构。4(2015天津南开中学高三月考改编)Word comes_ free souvenirs will be
3、given to _ comes first.答案：that; whoever考查名词性从句。句意：有消息说免费的纪念品将会赠送给第一个到达的人。第一个空格及后面的句子是对主语word内容的具体解释，所以用that引导。第二个空引导的是一个名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用whoever。5(2015临沂高三模拟改编)Lin Yi isnt what it used to be. The last decade _(witness) great changes in the city images.答案：has witnessed考查时态。句意：临沂不再是过去的样子了。近十年见证了这个城市形
4、象的变化。由the last decade可知用现在完成时。6(2015威海市高三模拟改编)Soon children in the camp had many new friends, _ they shared food, stories and projects.答案：with whom考查定语从句。 句意：很快营里的孩子们便有了许多愿意分享食物、故事和活动的好朋友。share sth.with sb.为固定搭配，表示“跟某人分享某物”，故用with whom引导非限制性定语从句。7(2015西安高三质检改编)If you _ smoke, you could at least go t
5、o the smoking area.答案：must考查情态动词。句意：要是你非吸烟不可的话，至少得去吸烟区里吸。must在这里表示“偏偏，非要”。8(2015河北省保定市八校高三12月联考改编)If only I _ more confidence in the English speech contest held last week!答案：had had考查虚拟语气。句意：在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中，我要是有更多的信心就好了！if only“但愿，要是就好了”，这表示对过去的推测和假设，用过去完成时态。9In order to know about what the readers th
6、ought of his new novel, he almost read the newspaper every day, which _ the opinions of the readers.答案：reflected考查动词词义。 句意：为了了解读者对他这部新小说的看法，他几乎每天都读报纸，这些报纸反映了读者的观点。reflect“反映”，符合句意。10Weve corresponded_ each other for years but Ive never met him.答案：with句意：我们已互相通信多年了，可是我从未见过他本人。correspond with“与通信”，符合句
7、意。.语法填空，篇章训练阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A：What game do you like?B：I like board games. I like Chinese chess and draughts.A：Ive never played Chinese chess_1_， but Ive seen old men_2_(play) it in the street. It looks complicated.B：Its about as complicated_3_chess. The_4_(base) rule and moves ar
8、e simple enough, but there are many strategies_5_players need to learn.A：I like _6_(play) cards. Im pretty good_7_poker. Do you play cards?B：Im terrible at cards and so I never play games which _8_(involve) gambling, like poker. If I did, Id lose all my money. A：Do you play bridge?B：Yes, I do. Its h
9、ard to find four players though, so I dont play very often. Do you know anyone who plays? If_9_， we could set up a game.A：I can play quite well. I have a friend who likes playing, but shes not very good at it. Shall I invite her to play?B：Sure, I have a friend who play fairly well. We should find ou
10、t_10_our friends are free and arrange a game.A：Ill call my friend now, you call yours. 1_2._3._4._5._6_7._8._9._10._答案：1before考查副词用法。before“以前”。2playing考查非谓语动词。see sb. doing“看到某人正在做某事”。此处为现在分词做宾语补足语。3as考查asas结构。4basic考查形容词用法。basic“基础的”。5that考查关系代词。that在此引导定语从句修饰strategies。6playing考查非谓语动词用法。此处为动名词作宾语
11、。7at考查介词。be good at意为：擅长做某事。8involve考查动词的数。关系代词做主语指代games，因此谓语动词用原形。9so考查省略。if so 意为：如果这样的话。10when考查连词用法。when引导时间状语从句。.完形填空(2015江淮十校联考)Jasmine Harman, a famous TV presenter, was sunny and active. Nothing seemed to _1_ her down. But nearly a decade on, Jasmine spent the first years of her TV life _2_
12、a secret about her backgroundone she couldnt _3_ to be made public.“When I started out in TV, I lived in fear of someone discovering about my _4_，” she admitted. Because her mother had a _5_ illness called Hoarding Disorder (囤积症). “Mom would keep _6_ batteries, old speakers, broken dolls and baskets
13、 she _7_ in the street. Nothing would be thrown away. And shed be _8_ if you ever tried to clear them up，” Jasmine recalled. Eventually, the entire family couldnt have a _9_ life.Two years ago, Jasmine did something _10_. She made a documentary called My Hoarder Mom and Me about her familys battle t
14、o fight against her moms disease. “I do _11_ our program will shine more light on the issue，” said Jasmine. Then a second program, Britains Biggest Hoarders _12_.Luckily, there are diagnostic criteria (诊断标准) now and experts that can help. Jasmine has become a(n) _13_herself in a way. She runs a webs
15、ite to help sufferers and their _14_. “Its incredible. I spent most of my childhood being ashamed, but now Id like to make it _15_. People like my mum need help, but not to be made to feel _16_.” “We hadnt been able to have Christmas dinner at Mums for _17_， because you couldnt get people into the h
16、ouse _18_. But we had one last year, and it was amazing，” Jasmine said. “The _19_ still isnt perfect, and Mom isnt perfect either. Shes still _20_ with it. But Im so proud that shes come this far, and I want to tell other people its possible.”语篇解读：本文介绍了著名的电视节目主持人贾丝明哈曼生活中不为人知的隐痛她的母亲患有囤积症。在她的家里堆满了垃圾，这
17、使得贾丝明哈曼觉得很困扰，然而，后来的一件事使她完全改变了自己先前的想法。1A.settle BtakeCbeat Dcalm答案：Csettle down意为“定居，解决”；take down意为“记下，拿下”；beat down意为“击败，击倒”；calm down意为“使镇静，使平静”。根据上句中的“.was sunny and active”可知，此处表示似乎没有什么能够击倒她，故C项正确。2A.making BdiscoveringChiding Dmixing答案：Cmake意为“制造，使得”；discover意为“发现”；hide意为“隐藏”；mix意为“混合”。根据宾语secr
18、et可以推断出此处表示“隐藏一个秘密”，故C项正确。3A.wait BplanCcover Dbear答案：Dwait意为“等待，等候”；plan意为“计划，打算”；cover意为“覆盖，遮盖”；bear意为“容忍，忍耐”。根据下文可知，此处指一个她不忍公之于世的秘密，故D项正确。4A.work BmumCillness Dmemory答案：B根据下一句中的Because her mother.可知，此处指贾丝明哈曼害怕别人发现她母亲，故B项正确。5A.mental BphysicalCfinal Dsocial答案：Amental意为“精神的，心理的”；physical意为“身体上的”；fi
19、nal意为“最后的”；social意为“社会的”，根据此空后的疾病名称“囤积症”及下文的描述可知A项正确。6A.new BusedCround Dexpensive答案：Bnew意为“新的”；used意为“使用过的”；round意为“圆的”；expensive意为“昂贵的”。根据疾病名和old speakers，broken dolls可以推断出，此处表示母亲收集用过的电池，故B项正确。7A.put away Bmade ontCpicked up Ddug out答案：Cput away意为“收好，放起来”；make out意为“理解；辨认出”；pick up意为“捡起，拾起”；dig ou
20、t意为“挖出”。根据此空后的in the street可以推断出此处表示她在街上捡这些东西，故C项正确。8A.terrible BgratefulCOK Dcrazy答案：D句意为：当你想把这些东西清理掉时，她会非常生气。terrible意为“可怕的”；grateful意为“感激的，感谢的”；OK意为“好的”；crazy意为“疯狂的，生气的”。根据语境可知此处D项正确。9A.rich BnormalCsimple Dhard答案：B句意为：最后，全家几乎无法拥有正常的生活。rich意为“富裕的”；normal意为“正常的”；simple意为“简单的”；hard意为“困难的”。根据语境可知B项正
21、确。10A.special BdangerousChopeless Dimpossible答案：Aspecial意为“特殊的”；dangerous意为“危险的”；hopeless意为“无希望的”；impossible意为“不可能的”。根据下文可以推断此时Jasmine Harman采取了一个特殊的行动，故A项正确。11A.hope BwonderCfear Ddoubt答案：Ahope意为“希望”；wonder意为“想知道；纳闷”；fear意为“害怕，恐惧”；doubt意为“怀疑”。上文提到她采取了行动，制定了这个计划，此处表示强调，意为“真的希望”，故A项正确。12A.ended up Bb
22、roke downCkept away Dcame out答案：Dend up意为“结束”；break down意为“抛锚；崩溃”；keep away意为“离开，远离”；come out意为“出来，出现；出版”。此处表示第二个节目英国最大的囤积症患者制作出来了，故D项正确。13A.patient BexpertCexample Drole答案：B由前一句中的“.experts that can help”可推断此处expert正确。14A.friends BbossesCfamilies Dmistakes答案：C根据下文可知，此处表示她建立了一个网站，帮助患者和他们的家人，故C项正确。15A
23、.fair BsafeCfalse Dpublic答案：Dfair意为“公平的，公正的”；safe意为“安全的”；false意为“错误的”；public意为“公开的”。根据连词but和前文中的secret可以推断出此处表示公开这个秘密，故D项正确。16A.better ByoungerCprouder Dworse答案：Dbetter意为“更好”；younger意为“更年轻”；prouder意为“更骄傲”；worse意为“更糟糕”。根据连词but可以推断出此处所填词是贬义词，故选D项。17A.years BmonthsCcenturies Dweeks答案：A因为圣诞节是一年一次，故A项yea
24、rs正确。18A.hardly BactuallyCluckily Dregularly答案：Bhardly意为“几乎不”；actually意为“事实上”；luckily意为“幸运地”；regularly意为“规则地，定期地”。根据语境可知，此处表示“事实上，你不能邀请人们去家里”，故B项正确。19A.dream BwayChouse Dstudy答案：C根据本段中前文“.because you couldnt get people into the house.”可知此处C项正确。20A.struggling BfillingCturning Dbegging答案：Astruggle意为“挣
25、扎，斗争”；fill意为“充满，装满”；turn意为“转向，变成”；beg意为“祈求”。此处意为“她仍然在与疾病作斗争”，故A项正确。.阅读理解(2015江西两所名校联考) A camera, a glove, a hand tool, even a toothbrush . they are all up there, above the clouds, going around and around the Earth. There are also thousands of pieces of metal and plastic. Some of them are only about
26、the size of a fingernail. Many are much larger. Scientists consider all these objects to be space_junk,_and they are a problem. Since people first launched rockets into space in the 1950s, we have been leaving behind all sorts of things. Much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things t
27、hat were once bigger objects, until they struck each other and broke apart. Sometimes larger pieces survive the extreme heat through the atmosphere and hit the ground or the ocean at great speeds. But space junk falling on housetops is not the biggest worry. Scientists are concerned about the Kessle
28、r syndrome. It is named after the American scientist who first thought of the idea in 1978. Imagine what happens when an empty rocket strikes another while orbiting the Earth. Two big things become many smaller things, They then hit other things. The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a
29、cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles.Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher, suggested launching a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk. The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object. When t
30、he rocket explodes, it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit, nearer the Earth. After a time, the junk burns up in the atmosphere.Scientists have been concerned about space junk for many years. Right now, the costs of the cleanup have been too great. Mr. Castronuovo says his system could be
31、put in place for a much more reasonable amount of money.语篇解读：太空垃圾是人类在太空活动中丢弃在太空中的物体，这些物体形成垃圾云之后将对人造卫星或飞船的飞行产生很大影响，科学家正在寻找清理太空垃圾的有效方法。1What does the underlined part “space junk” in Paragraph 1 refer to?AIt refers to small pieces of things that were once bigger objects.BIt refers to objects that survi
32、ved the extreme heat through the atmosphere.CIt refers to clouds that are made up of small objects in space.DIt refers to all kinds of objects that have been left behind in space.答案：D细节理解题。从第二段第一句判断，space junk指人类在太空活动中遗留在太空的所有的物体，即“太空垃圾”。2What is mainly talked about in the passage?ASmaller objects c
33、ome together to form clouds of space junk.BHuman beings are responsible for space junk.CSpace junk is a big problem human beings have to find ways to solve.DAn Italian researcher has found a good way to remove space junk.答案：C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了太空垃圾及其危害，还介绍了科学家正在研究清理太空垃圾方法的情况，故C项最能概括全文的内容。3What is the
34、 authors attitude towards Marco Castronuovos method of cleaning up space junk?ADoubtful.BObjective.CFavorable.DDisapproving.答案：B观点态度题。作者在之中只是客观介绍Castronuove提出的清理太空垃圾的方法，没有做任何评论，因此其态度是客观的。4What can be inferred from the passage?ACameras or gloves had been left behind in space after they were used.BSpa
35、ce junk is made up of many big objects given up by humans.CThere isnt an effective system to clean space junk at the moment.DLarger pieces of objects are often broken into smaller ones and fall onto the Earth.答案：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段判断，目前尚没有一种有效的清除太空垃圾的方法。.短文填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peer
36、 pressurePeer pressure is just part of the challenges in life. _1_ If you need further guidance, this article might help you. It provides three effective tips to deal with it：Be with friends who respect your beliefs.You can go out with people who accept and respect the things you believe in and thos
37、e who you know you can share your interests with. It is all right to be choosy with friends because you just want what is best for them and you. _2_ You are just exhibiting what you know is right and good for both sides. Your friends will understand you for that. They can drag you away from discrimi
38、nation and you can be confident that they will not leave you for your stand in life._3_When you are driven by so many peer pressures, you can always stay away from it. You can actually decide not to be one of them. When you have decided on it, learn to be firm with your decision. _4_ They should kno
39、w that you cannot be forced to do certain things because you are strong and firm with what you believe in.Learn how to say no.Learning to say no is one big factor to deal with some pressures from all of your friends. When you are convinced to do something you know that can only destroy you or ruin y
40、ou, learn to say no._5_ You cannot just say yes to anything. You have a functional mind and you know what is best for you. So learn to say no even if saying no means losing your friends.AHave a firm decision.BDont blame others.CThis does not mean you are being selfish or you are being selfcentered.DYou should know how to deal with it.EYou can always deal with it positively.FThis can make them believe that you cannot just be driven by any other thing.GJust be straightforward and say it without hesitations.答案：15DCAFG