1、Unit 2 Sports and FitnessLesson 1 The Underdog教学设计科目：英语 课题：Grammar 课时：1课时教学目标与核心素养：知识目标：To learn about and practise relative clauses and relative pronouns.能力目标：To grasp relative clauses and relative pronouns.教学重难点Students may use the relative pronoun which to refer to people or who to refer to thing
2、s.课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔教学过程：一、Pre-class1. Greeting2. Leading-in学生活动：要求学生阅读下面句子，找出关系代词以及定语从句。1). When we werent playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV.2). Pauls favourite player was a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.3). Paul was someone who worked really
3、hard for the team.4). He didnt know hed soon get the chance that hed been waiting for.5). They were playing The Bears, a team whose record was perfect.活动目的：把学生的注意力吸引到课堂上来；让学生们回忆旧知识，为接下来的教学奠定基础。二、While-class 1. 教师活动：对定语从句作出详细讲解。一、知识点1：关系代词的基本概述定语从句的定义：在复合句中修饰或限定主句中某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句，它所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。限制性
4、定语从句与先行词之间的关系非常密切，从句说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况。限制性定语从句不能省略，否则句意就不完整。引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。2、关系词的作用：连接主句和从句；指代先行词；在从句当中充当句子成分。3、关系词的分类：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose，as（本单元讲前五个的用法）；关系副词；when，where，why。二、知识点2：关系代词的基本用法关系代词用于替代指人或物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。1、who 指人，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。Here comes the girl who wants to
5、 see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。（who在从句中作主语）He is the man who I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见到的人。（who在从句中作宾语）2、whom指人，在定语从句中只作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。若whom前有介词，则不能用who代替，也不可省略。Rose is the person (whom/who) you should look after. 罗丝是你应该照顾的人。When I have trouble, he is the only one to whom I can go for help.当我有困难时，他是我唯一可以求助的人。3
6、、whose 指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那个人的车坏了，他们冲过去帮忙。4、which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。作宾语时一般可省略。China is a country which as a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。（which在从句中作主语）The package (which) you are carrying is about to fall.你拿的包快掉了。（which在从句中作宾语）5、that 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从
7、句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时一般可省略。指人时一般可用who替代，指物时一般可用which替代。The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。（that/who在从句中作主语）The chair (that/which) you broke yesterday is now being repaired.你昨天弄坏的那把椅子现在正在修。（that/who在从句中作宾语）三、知识点3：关系代词的选择两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：
8、1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使这条河很危险。He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：She may
9、 be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构：He had only the long nigh
10、ts in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself. = He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thi
11、ng), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。Have you everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有了吗?The sleeping mans subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不
12、会做。4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that：This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that：This is the best dictionary that Ive ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。The first thing that you should do is to work
13、 out a plan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。8. 当要避免重复时：Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程？学生活动：让学生们清楚并掌握定语从句的用法。2. 学生活动：让学生们完成课本33页的第10和11题，然后教师和学生们一起来检查答案。活动目的：检查学生们对定语从句的掌握程度。3. 教师活动： 三、After-class学生活动：让学生们完成课本33页的第12题，然后教师和学生们一起来检查答案。活动目的：进一步检查学生们对定语从句的掌握程度。四、Summary 总结课上所学。作业布置：巩固今天所学的关于定语从句的相关知识。
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