1、 高一英语备课组预习学案（4）预习目标：掌握名词性从句的用法.预习自测：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句(划出句子中的名词性从句)1 That he will succeed is certain.2 Whether he will go there is not known.3 What he said is not true.4 Where he hid
2、 the money is to be found out .5 Whoever comes is welcome.6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。1. It is certain that he will succeed.2. It is not known whether he will go there.
3、3. It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project.常见句型：Its likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that 很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚Its said / reported that 据说/据报道It seems / appears / happens that 似乎/好像/碰巧.Its been announced / declared that已经通知/宣布Its no wonder that 并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity / a fa
4、ct / common knowledge (众所周知)/ a common saying (俗话说) that指出句子中连词的作用。They know that the habit will kill them.It all depends on whether they will support us.He asked how much I paid for the violin.He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. I find it necessary that we sho
5、uld do the homework.二、宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分(可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)连接词：that, whether, if (that常可省略) who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how注意：1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，A. 当whether后紧跟or/or not时,不用if. I dont know whether I will stay or not.B. 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her
6、feelings2. 在主+谓+it (形式宾语) +宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 3. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略。He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.三、表语从句：The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that tim
7、e.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.归纳：表语从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在系动词之后。作用:对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that / whether / as if / as though (if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 四、同位语从句：1）The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises ma
8、ny people.2) Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect (视察) them.3) Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.归纳：同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词(idea; belief; fact; truth; problem; news等)后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。1.同位语从句的格式：n. + 连接词 + 从句2.
9、能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where等来引导同位语从句。在空格处填上适当的连词：1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3. He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take mor
10、e exercise.4. I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.合并句子：1. Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. _2. The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night _3. Teenagers should
11、not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view. _4. Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea. _5. Chinese students should be given more free time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. _ 说明：名词demand, suggestion, proposal
12、, advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为should + do, should可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I (should) be calm now.用适当的连接词填空。(what, that, who, whom, whose, which, how, when, where, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, however, whenever, wherever, whether, why, because)1. _ he said has nothing to do with t
13、his task.2. _ breaks the law deserves a fine.3. Take _ much you want whenever you want to.4. The question remains _ we should accept their invitation.5. Free movie tickets will be sent to _ come first.6. She is in doubt _ she accepts your advice.7. I dont doubt _ hell come.8. It worried her a bit _
14、her hair was turning grey.9. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.10. Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless.当场训练：1. Evidence came up _ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.A. which B. what C. t
15、hat D. when2. I havent decided _ hotel to stay at.A. which B. what C. at which D. where3. _surprises most of us.A. Wolves are afraid of usB. The fact that wolves afraid menC. The fact that wolves are afraid of menD. Wolves afraid of men4. The announcement _all flight were cancelled because of bad we
16、ather greatly distressed the waiting passengers.A. that B. which C. why D. of which5. The question is _can be put into practice.A. how you have learnedB. how what you have learnedC. that why you have learnedD. how that you have learned6. A hinge joint is _ permits the forwards and backward movement
17、of a door.A. that B. what C. those D. which7. One reason why Hamlet is such a successful play is that _.A. it appeals differently to peopleB. different people are appealedC. it appeals to many different peopleD. people find it appealing to them very much8. A more important question is _these ideas are well or ill founded.A. where B. when C. how D. whether9. I think it is _you are doing too much.A. because of B. because C. because that D. because for10. No one could understand _.A. that he was talking about B. what he was talking aboutC. he was talking about D. which he was talking