1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 3ComputersLearning about Language现在完成时的被动语态观察上面对话, 并类比填空。1. First as a PC and then as a laptop, I have been used(use) in offices and homes since the 1970s. 2. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found(find) for me. 3. I h
2、ave even been put(put) into space rockets and sent(send) to explore the Moon and Mars. 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作, 动作已完成并强调对现在造成的影响或结果, 主语和谓语之间为被动关系。现在完成时的被动语态的结构为has/have been done。主语为单数时用has been done, 而主语为复数时则用have been done。*More than 65 Syrian soldiers have been killed in the area since Feb. 25
3、. 自从2月25号以来, 在这个地区已经有超过65名叙利亚士兵阵亡。一、现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式肯定式主语+ have/has been done. . . 否定式主语+ have/has not been done. . . 一般疑问式Have/Has +主语+ been done. . . ? 特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+ have/has +主语+ been done. . . ? *Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA. 今年美国已经报道了115例荨麻疹病例。*Moran says one
4、of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. Moran说现在的爵士乐存在的问题之一就是它的娱乐因素已经没了。*The construction of the bridge has not been finished. 桥的建设还没有完成。*Has it been announced when the plane is to take off? 有没有宣布飞机何时起飞? *The dream was so true at the beginning, bu
5、t why has it been broken into pieces? 梦当初那么真, 为何裂为碎片? (1)since then, since+从句, so far, by now, up to now, recently, lately, already, yet, in the last/past+时间段等常用于现在完成时的句子中。(2)非延续性动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思, 则要变换动词或时态。This bike has
6、been bought by my brother for almost four years. (F)My brother has had this bike for almost four years. (T)(1)句型转换。The children have already been told the good news. 变为否定句。The children havent been told the good news yet. 变为一般疑问句。Have the children been told the good news yet? 对the children进行提问。Who ha
7、s been told the good news yet? (2)Im sorry, but the letters havent been typed yet. 很抱歉, 这些信件还没有被打印出来。(3)The plan has been discussed for nearly two hours. 这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。(4)She hasnt been heard from since then. 从那时候起, 她就没来过信。二、使用现在完成时的被动语态的几点注意事项1. 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时, 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。*Mobike, a new
8、 kind of public bike rental service, has been put into use in some big cities. 摩拜单车, 一种新型公共自行车租赁服务, 已经在一些大城市投入使用。2. 带有双宾语的动词, 如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等, 变为被动语态时, 一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语, 若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时, 间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。*The le
9、ading part has been given to a young actress and she should play it very well. 主角由一位年轻女演员去演, 她应该演得很好。3. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。*The news that he has been elected president of the country is true. 他当选那个国家的总统的消息是真的。4. 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体, 在被动语态中要保持完整性, 其中的介词或副词不可省略。*The traditional sk
10、ill of making the paper by hand has been passed down through generations. 用手制作纸张的传统工艺已经传了好几代人了。5. happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组不能用于现在完成时的被动语态。Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. (F)Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. (T)6. 在时间或条件状语
11、从句中, 用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。*You shouldnt go swimming before the wound has been recovered. 在伤口恢复之前, 你不应该去游泳。带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时, 若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时, 在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。将下面句子变为被动语态。(1)They have built many houses in the village in the past few years. Many houses have been built in the village in the past f
12、ew years. (2)They should have completed the project earlier this month. The project should have been completed earlier this month. (3)Jacks boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work. . 用所给词的适当形式填空1. A lot of factories have
13、 been set (set) up since last year. 2. Why does the lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water have been polluted (pollute). 3. If the paper has been finished (finish), please hand it in. 4. Although he has lived with us for years, he hasnt left (not leave) us much impression. 5. Many of
14、 her friends have been invited (invite) to her birthday party. 6. Is the meeting being held now? No. I hear that it has been put (put) off till tomorrow. 7. How many cars have been made (make) in the factory since 1990? 8. Its the first time that the old computer has been checked (check) since I bou
15、ght it. 9. We want to sit at the table near the window. Im sorry, but it has been taken (take) already. 10. Its said that the bridge has been closed (close) for repairs for months. . 完成句子1. How long has the battery not been changed? 电池多久没有更换了? 2. You shouldnt leave school before your homework has be
16、en finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。3. Paper money has been used for over one thousand years. 纸币已经被使用了1 000多年了。4. He has been given a chance to work abroad recently by the company. 最近公司给了他一个出国工作的机会。5. He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting. 他已被挑选出来参加运动会。6. The plan has been studied by th
17、e experts for three times. 这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。7. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。8. The passage has been polished. 这段文字已被润色。随着科技的发展, 尤其是计算机的发展, 我们的生活发生了很大的变化。自20 世纪70年代以来, 计算机被广泛地运用到许多不同的领域。例如, 计算机已经应用于机器人和太空火箭当中。在计算机的帮助下, 人们的生活质量有了很大改善。With the deve
18、lopment of technology, especially the development of computer, our life has changed a lot. The computer has been widely used in many different fields since the 1970s. For example, the computer has been put into robots and space rockets. The quality of human life has been improved greatly with the help of the computer. 关闭Word文档返回原板块