1、Section Grammar 省略语法图解探究发现1.First degree burns turn white when(they are)pressed.If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if(it is)possible.2.He is the man(who/whom/that)you can depend on.There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills(that/which)he learned at
2、 school saved Ms Slades life.3The boy wanted to play football in the street,but his mother did not allow him to(play football in the street)4.It shows(that)a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.我的发现(1)第1组例句为的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语指的是同一人或物，且由人称代词的主格担当，或当状语从句的主语为it，而且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以把从句的一起省略。(
3、2)第2组例句为的省略。当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作时可以省略。(3)例句3为的省略。有时可用不定式符号“to”来替代上文中出现的不定式。(4)例句4体现的是当及物动词之后跟由连接词that引导的时，that可以省略。状语从句主语和be动词关系代词宾语不定式宾语从句为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：一、状语从句中的省略1在when,while,if,as if,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless等连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主
4、语和系动词be或当从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。I didnt notice it until(it was)very late.直到很晚，我才注意到它。If(it is)possible,Ill go outing.如果可能的话，我将去郊游。点津 若省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示尚未发生，则使用不定式。While cycling,dont forget the traffic lights.骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。He opened his mouth as if to say somethin
5、g.他张开嘴好像要说什么。2在than,as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。I know you better than(I know)him.我了解你胜过了解他。He runs as fast as Bob(runs)他跑得和鲍勃一样快。点津 并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after,before,because等词引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语等，用动名词代替be动词。Because he was ill,he didnt attend the meeting.Because of being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.()B
6、eing ill,he didnt attend the meeting.()Because ill,he didnt attend the meeting.()由于生病了，他没有出席会议。正正误即时演练111.单句语法填空 Video games can be a poor influence if (leave)in the wrong hands.When (surf)on the Internet,I found the news.He rushes out of the room,as if (meet)some important person.leftsurfingto meet
7、12.把下列句子改为省略句If it is so,I hope you will have a wonderful time.,I hope you will have a wonderful time.The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild.If soas in Guangzhou二、定语从句和宾语从句中的省略1定语从句中的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom,which,that可省略(但whom,wh
8、ich紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。The man(who/whom/that)you want to meet has come.你要见的人来了。(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。Do you know the way(that/in which)work is measured?你知道衡量工作的方式吗？2宾语从句中的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。I believe(that)beauty comes from within.我相信美丽来自内心。He s
9、aid(that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。(2)when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。She wants to learn English well,yet she doesnt know how(she can learn it well)她想学好英语，但她不知道怎样才能学好。即时演练2 把句中可以省略的部分用横线标出来 Among the many dangers sailors have to face,prob
10、ably the greatest of all is fog.Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.She didnt go to school yesterday.I dont know why.whichthatthatshe didntgo to school yesterday三、动词不定
11、式的省略1当不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to(answer the question)如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。2某些使役动词如：make,let,have等和感官动词如：see,watch,notice,observe,hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。We often hear her sing an En
12、glish song in the classroom.She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)我们经常听见她在教室里唱英语歌。3并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不省略to。He likes to swim more than(to)skate.比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。He believes it important to study rather than to playcomputer games.(比较)他认为最重要的是学习而不是玩电脑游戏。4当不定式在某
13、些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,know,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,would like等。I asked him to see the film,but he didnt want to(see the film)我请他看电影，但是他不想去。5介词but,except(除了)前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to。All he could do was nothing but wait and see.他所能做的只有等等看。6当不定式在be going
14、to,be able to,have to,ought to,used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。They dont go shopping as much as they used to(go shopping)他们不像过去那样经常去购物了。点津(1)省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的 have 或 be 的任何形式时，to 后要保留原形的 have 或 be。(2)类似这样用法的还有动词短语 be going to,be about to,be supposed to,have to,used to 及形容词 glad,happy,pleased,delighted 等。He di
15、dnt attend the meeting,but he ought to have(attended)他没参加这次会议，但他应该参加的。Are you a farmer?No,but I used to be(a farmer)你是个农民吗？不是，但我过去是。即时演练3 接要求做题 There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait.We can do nothing but to give up.He was noticed to leav
16、e the office.The city now is much noisier than it used to be.My mother wouldnt let me to go to see the film.(1)以上句子中，加黑部分应省略的是：(2)不能省略的是：四、使用so,not等时的省略 在英语中，可以用so,not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。Can you finish your work today?你今天能完成工作吗？I think so.我认为能。I dont think so./I think not.我认为不能。点津 hope,guess,be
17、afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not.so的形式。The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they?I guess not.男孩子们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？我猜是没做好。即时演练4 完成句子Is he feeling better today?(恐怕没有好转)Tom was injured,or he would have won the race.(我认为如此).Im afraid notI think so链接高考把下列加黑部分的省略句补充完整1(福建高考)The climate here is quite pleas
18、ant,the temperature rarely,if ever,reaching 30 in summer.2(湖南高考)Children,when accompanied by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.3(天津高考)Had he caught the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.4(浙江高考)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam be at the age of si
19、x months old.if the climate here ever reached 30 in summerthey are accompaniedIf he had caughtshould be5(江西高考)If asked to look after luggage for someone else,inform the police at once.6(浙江高考)There are some health problems that,when not treated in time,can become bigger ones later on.7(新课标全国卷)The dri
20、ver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to.8(福建高考)Anyone,once tested positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.you are askedwhen they are not treatednot to park his car near the roadsideOnce anyone is tested演练提能.句型转换(用省略形
21、式)1Though he was tired,he managed to climb the hill.,he managed to climb the hill.2He didnt come,but he ought to have come.He didnt come,but he.3While he was in prison,he managed to write the book.,he managed to write the book.4When the ice is heated,the ice in the kettle will turn into water.,the i
22、ce in the kettle will turn into water.Though tiredought to haveWhile in prisonWhen heated5Check your answers carefully and make some changes if it is necessary.Check your answers carefully and make some changes.6Come this way,please.,please.7If you are asked,please give him a hand.,please give him a
23、 hand.8Get up early tomorrow.If you dont get up early,you wont catch the train to Beijing.Get up early tomorrow.,you wont catch the train to Beijing.if necessaryThis wayIf askedIf not.用省略形式完成句子 1 I always turn to her for help.(trouble)我有困难时总是找她帮忙。2He didnt want to wait for her but.(have)他不想等她，但是他不得不
24、等。3I think she should get a job,but you cant force her to.(ready)我认为她应该得到一份工作，但是如果她没有准备好，你不能强迫她。When in troublehe had toif shes not ready to4Do you believe he will pass the exam?.(believe)你认为他会通过考试吗？我认为会通过。5,youd better not attend the party.除非被邀请，否则你最好不要参加这个宴会。6All that I can do is find a new way.我能
25、够做的一切就是尽力找出一个新办法。7Last night Tom didnt come,but he.昨晚汤姆没来，但他应该来。I believe soUnless invitedtry my best toought to/should have8The workers requested that the manager.工人们要求经理给他们涨工资。9What do you think made Mary so upset?.(lose)你知道什么让玛丽如此不安吗？丢了她的自行车。10It is said that someone will come to help us solve the problem,but we dont know.据说有人会来帮我们解决问题，但不知是谁。raise their payLosing her bicyclewho谢谢 观 看