1、周五早读晚练晚练语法第5练易错题集训(一)名词、冠词、代词、形容词和副词、介词和介词短语时间：10分钟 分值：15分1(2013洛阳考前热身)If you know _ English language, you can communicate with people all around the world through _ Internet.A. /; / B. the; /C. the; the D. an; the答案与解析C句意：如果你懂英语，你就能通过网络与全世界的人们交流。表“语言”的名词后如加上language，前面应加定冠词the; the Internet“网络”。2(2
2、013忻州五月联考2)If you are interested in any one of the books on the shelf, Ill buy and send _ to you as a gift.A. it B. oneC. them D. some答案与解析A句意：如果你对书架上的任何一本书感兴趣，我会买下它并把它送给你作礼物。it指代前面提到的名词any one of the books为同名同物。3(2013太原高三调研)In our class, the student leaders are on _ duty every _ few days.A. the; a
3、B. /; aC. /; / D. the; /答案与解析Con duty“值日”； every few days“每隔几天”。两个短语都是固定表达。故C项正确。易错分析：该组试题错解的主要原因是对常见的一些固定搭配记忆不清，对有无冠词意义的不同短语混淆不清。因此，在平时的学习过程中应注意对同类短语多加归纳。4(2013宁波八校高三联考) Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management? If you make _ most of the equipment, there will be _
4、 rise in production.A. /; / B. the; aC. /; a D. the; /答案与解析B第一空考查短语中的冠词，make the most of“充分利用”；第二空将抽象名词具体化，a rise“一次提升”。故B项正确。5(2013衡水中学高三调研)The story shows that _ knowledge of _ first aid can make _ real difference.A. the; the; / B. a; /; aC. /; the; a D. a; /; /答案与解析B句意：这个故事表明急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。(have)
5、 a knowledge of .“精通”； first aid“急救”， make a difference“有关系；有影响；有作用”，故答案选B。易错分析：该组试题考生易由于对含有冠词的固定搭配记忆不准而误选；另外也有些考生由于对一些常见不可数名词的特殊用法不了解而误选。如knowledge是不可数名词，但在搭配中表某方面的知识时可与不定冠词a连用。6(2013石家庄质检二)The man went to bed, _ and when he woke up, he found his shoes still on.A. having drunk B. being drunkC. drin
6、king D. drunk答案与解析D句意：这个男人喝醉了，睡了。当他醒来的时候，他发现他的鞋子没脱。drunk“喝醉的”，形容词作状语表状态。7(2013河北质监二)_ a minor illness, he seems to be in excellent health.A. But for B. Except forC. Except that D. Except答案与解析B句意：除了一点儿小病外，他似乎非常健康。but for用于虚拟语气，except that后面跟句子，except通常不用于句首。故选except for，表示除去美中不足的部分，而肯定主要部分。8(2013泉州二次
7、质检)Quanzhou Bay SeaCrossing Bridge, due to be completed at the end of 2013, is still _ construction.A. in B. underC. on D. within答案与解析B句意：现在仍在建造中的泉州湾跨海大桥预计于2013年年底完工。句中的“due to be completed”说明大桥正在建设中，under construction“在建造中”，是固定短语，故选B项。9(2013长春第一次调研) How much bread is there? _. I wish you could offe
8、r me some.A. None B. AllC. Nothing D. Any答案与解析A根据“I wish you could offer me some.”可知，此处表示没有面包了，所以选none，表示数量。10(2013温州一模)Passengers all breathed sighs of _ the moment their plane landed safely.A. nervousness B. reliefC. anger D. excitement答案与解析B句意：飞机一安全着陆，乘客们都松了一口气。breathe a sigh of relief“如释重负，松了口气”
9、。11(2013银川一中二模)With prices rising sharply, we now have to spend _ three months ago on basic living materials.A. as twice much as B. twice as much asC. twice as more than D. twice as many as答案与解析B倍数表达法的结构应为“倍数词asadj./adv.as .”，由此可排除A项；as . as和more . than不能同时存在，故排除C项；根据句意可知，花费的是钱，为不可数名词，用much修饰，故选B项。1
10、2(2013台州模拟)Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day?A. this B. thatC. it D. he答案与解析C句意：有必要在国庆节前完成这个设计吗？用it作形式主语，其后的“to complete the design .”作真正的主语。故C项正确。13(2013广西八桂区一模)When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say _ for me?A. everything B. somethingC. anything D. nothi
11、ng答案与解析B句意：当你把我介绍给Johnson先生时，请多美言几句好吗？根据could you please可知，本句表示非常诚恳的意愿，some类复合不定代词用于否定句、疑问句和条件句时，往往希望对方给予肯定的答复，表示肯定的意义，所以用something。14(2013南阳两校联考)Keeping a diary is _ good habit, by which youll make _ great progress in writing.A. a; a B. a; /C. the; a D. the; /答案与解析B句意：写日记是一种好习惯，通过它你将在写作上取得很大进步。第一空h
12、abit是可数名词，根据句意可知此处表泛指“一种好习惯”，应用不定冠词。第二空progress为不可数名词，前面不用冠词，make progress“取得进步”。15(2013银川二中高三月考)From the top of Mount Tai you can get a particularly wonderful _ of sunrise.A. scenery B. sightC. view D. scene答案与解析C句意：从泰山之巅你能看到极其美好的日出景象。view“风景；景色”，多指从某一位置(如某一高处、远处、通过窗户等某个角度所看见的)景物、风景。故选C。scenery指某地总
13、的自然风景或景色。sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，一般要用复数形式。scene指展现在眼前的场景。早读背诵热点写作话题(三)世界与环境A话题单词1plastic n. & adj.塑料(的)2measure n措施3threaten vt.威胁4lowcarbon adj.低碳(的)5energy n能源6waste vt. & n废弃物；浪费7pollution vi.阻止8polluted adj. 受污染的9prevent vt.阻止10lifestyle n生活方式11reusable adj.可重复使用的12existence n
14、生存13renewable adj. 可再生的14environment n. 环境15ecological adj. 生态的16environmental adj. 环境的17environmentallyfriendly adj. 环保的18transportation n. 运输(工具)；交通19recyclable adj. 可回收利用的；可再循环的20environmentalist n. 环境学家21pollutant n. 污染物22reduce vt. 减少B话题短语1run out 用完 2.result in 导致3go up 上升 4.attitude towards/t
15、o 对的态度5a majority of 大多数 6.private cars 私家车7the limited amount of 有限数量的 8.take measures 采取措施9public transportation 公共交通工具 10.as much . as 尽可能多的11instead of 而不是 12.be reluctant to 不情愿13adjust to 适应 14. in ones opinion 在某人看来15pay no attention to 不注意 16.ecological balance 生态平衡17turn off 关掉 18.raise the
16、 awareness of 提高意识19save energy 节约能源 20.be aware of . 意识到特别关注 1.majority(3年2考)(1)major in 主修(2)(3)He majors in chemistry.他主修化学。The majority were in favour of banning smoking.大多数人支持禁烟。2reduce(3年2考)(1)reduce .to/by . 减少到/了多少increase .to/by . 增加到/了多少(to后接减少/增加后的总数，而by后接减少/增加的差额)(2)be reduced to despair
17、 陷入绝望(3)reduction n减少；缩小；减价；折扣The number of smokers has been reduced by 30%.今年吸烟的人数已减少了30%。He is reduced to a beggar.他沦落为一个乞丐。C话题佳句1It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warm.该是我们采取措施来阻止全球变暖的时候了。2Some people pay no attention to the environment that they live in.有些
18、人对他们居住的环境毫不在意。3The students have formed the good habit of picking up the litter that they see in the school.学生们已经养成了在校园里拾起他们见到的垃圾的好习惯。4As we all know, environmental protection has become one of the current hot topics.众所周知，环境保护已成为当下的一个热点话题。5Accordingly/Consequently, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and more aware of the importance of the protection of the environment.因此，不难得出结论，人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了。