1、Section Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态语法图解探究发现Over time I have been changed quite a lot.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.The ink has not been removed from the clothes.Havent your problem been solved?How many buildings have
2、 been built in your school?我的发现(1)以上例句中都使用了。(2)以上例句中第句是该时态的句式；第句是_句式；第句是句式；第句是句式。现在完成时的被动语态肯定否定一般疑问特殊疑问一、现在完成时的被动语态1基本概念现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。The door has already been locked.门早已经被锁上了。I have been employed at the job since 2015.自从 2015 年，我就做这份工作。2基本构成现在完成时的被动语态的结
3、构为 has/have been done。A lot of money has been spent to protect the old temple by now.到目前为止已投入了大笔钱来保护这座古庙。These trees have been watered lately.那些树最近已浇水。3现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been one.？Northern China has been s
4、wept through by a strong cold wind recently.最近一股强冷空气横扫中国北方。The children have not been told the good news yet.孩子们还没有被告知这个好消息。Has the date for the next meeting been decided?下次会议的日期已决定了吗？How long has the house been built?这座房子建了多久了？点津(1)若句子主语为第三人称单数时，助动词要用 has。(2)用于现在完成时的时间状语有：since then,since从句，so far,
5、by now,up to now,recently,lately,already,yet,in the last/past一段时间等。(3)ever,never,already,yet 等副词用于现在完成时的被动语态时，放在 has 或 have 之后。即时演练 111.句型转换The plan has been studied by the experts three times.studied by the experts three times？(一般疑问句)has the plan been studied by the experts?(就 three times 提问)Hasthe
6、planbeenHow manytimes12.完成句子His novel .他的小说还没有出版。I the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。has not been publishedhave been told二、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意的问题1现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别The machine has been repaired.(说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“现在修好了”)The machine is being repaired now.(说明动作正在进行)The machine
7、 was repaired yesterday.(只说明动作发生在过去)2非延续性动词，如 borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态，例如：工程已开始三个月了。The project has been started for three months.(F)The project has been on for three months.(T)3现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主
8、语。Tom has sold out all the magazines.All the magazines have been sold out by Tom.(2)带有双宾语的动词，如 give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise 等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。We have given him the book.He has been given the book.The
9、book has been given to him.(3)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。After decorating the Amber Room with jewels,the artists have made it more splendid.After being decorated with jewels,the Amber Room has been made more splendid.点津 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略 to 的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的 to 加上。The boss
10、 has made his company offer more chances for people to work.His company has been made to offer more chances for people to work.(4)动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。Its said that the problem has been looked into.据说已经调查了这个问题。点津 现在完成时的被动语态的选择技巧(1)分析句式结构，明确句子所要表达的意义。(2)明确句中时间的参考点，确定所需时态。(3)明确谓语动
11、词与其主语之间应为主动关系还是被动关系，并明确动作是否能延续。(4)确定正确的时态及语态。即时演练 221.判断正误How long has this book been bought？()How long ago was this book bought？()Those old homeless men have been well looked.()Those old homeless men have been well looked after.()FTFT22.将下列句子变为被动语态I have made her work hard.She hard.His mother has b
12、ought him a computer.He a computer by his mother.A computer him by his mother.has been made to workhas been boughthas been bought for 链接高考单句语法填空1(天津高考改编)The dictionary is out of date:many words _(add)to the language since it was published.2(天津高考改编)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (r
13、each)so far by the two sides.3(重庆高考改编)In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat _(cut)have been addedhas been reachedhas been cut4(天津高考改编)We wont start the work until all the preparations (make)5(北京高考改编)Shakespeares play Hamlet _(make)into at least ten diffe
14、rent films over the past years.have been madehas been made演练提能.单句语法填空1They (sell)ten apartments in the past one hour.2He (buy)a present when she visited Xinjiang.3He already (ask)to help you.4The company (make)its workers work hard recently.have soldwas boughthasbeen askedhas made5A notice already (
15、put up)on the wall.6Since we realized that we should study hard,our time (make)full use of.7These streets (not sweep)for two days.8How long _the book _(keep)?9How long ago the picture (take)?10These goods (not ship)abroad yet.hasbeen put uphas been madehavent been swepthasbeen keptwastakenhavent bee
16、n shipped.完成句子1From what (已被讨论过的)above,we can draw the conclusion that parents are our best teachers.2Fortunately,a lot of measures (已被采取了)to deal with the problem.3Two suggestions (已被提供)by our classmates.4Peoples health (受到了很大的影响)by air,noise and water.5In spite of these changes,the liberation of women (没有被完全认识到)has been discussedhave been takenhave been providedhas been greatly affectedhas not been completely realized谢谢 观 看