1、Section Grammar 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句语法图解探究发现This gift was the Amber Room,which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.However,the next King of Prussia,Frederick William，to whom the amber room belon
2、ged,decided not to keep it.Later,Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.This was a time when the two countries were at war.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg,which was at that time a German city on the Bal
3、tic Sea.我的发现(1)例句中含 which 引导的定语从句；例句中含which 引导的定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有。(2)以上例句中含非限制性定语从句的有 ；含限制性定语从句的有 。非限制性限制性逗号一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式与先行词之间不用逗号隔开与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开功能与先行词的关系十分密切，限制了先行词的意义。如果去掉该从句，剩余部分的意思往往不完整，甚至失去意义是先行词的附加说明，如去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句先行词先行词一般为单个的
4、名词或代词先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分引导词可用所有的关系代词/副词引导，且关系词作宾语时可省略在所有的关系词中不能用that或why引导非限制性定语从句，且其他引导词不能省略翻译常译成前置定语常译成并列的分句The girl who likes expensive bags works hard to keep her job.(who 引导的限制性的定语从句，与主句之间无逗号)这位喜欢昂贵包包的女孩为保住自己的工作而努力着。His brother,who lives in London,will go to America next week.他的哥哥住在伦敦，
5、下周将去美国。点津(1)限制性定语从句对先行词有限制作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确。若将此从句省掉，句意会不完整。Taobao is a website where you can buy what you want at a good price.(where 引导的限制性的定语从句)淘宝是一个你能以一个合理的价格买到你想要的东西的网站。(2)非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不是十分密切，只是作附加说明，不起限制作用，往往有逗号与主句隔开。There are many high buildings along the river,where there used to stand rows
6、of trees.(where 引导的非限制性的定语从句)沿河有很多的高楼，过去这儿是成排的树。(3)which 引导非限制性定语从句时不置于句首。The stubborn girl will never give in to any difficulty,whichhas made her character more charming.(which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为主句表达内容)这个倔强的女孩永不屈服于任何困难，这一点令她的性格更为迷人。即时演练 1单句语法填空The old woman was looking for someone,she could ask for he
7、lp.The novel,I have read three times,is very touching.The young man stole the car was put into prison.His son has made great achievements in his work,made him very proud.I have told him the reason,for I was late this morning.whichwhomthat/whowhichwhich二、非限制性定语从句中需要注意的几个问题1非限制性定语从句由“介词关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代
8、词用 which 或 whom。They are talking about the newly opened market,in which you can buy all that you need.他们正在讨论新开放的市场，在那里你能买到你所需的一切。I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party,most of whom are from abroad.我邀请了 100 多位朋友参加宴会，他们中大多数来自国外。点津 the名词of whom/which可换为：of whom/whichthe名词或 whose名词。Ta
9、j Mahal was built with marble,the colour of which(of which the colour/whose colour)is white.泰姬陵是由玛瑙建成，玛瑙的颜色是白色的。2在“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句中，介词的选择原则。(1)根据介词与动词的搭配关系There are some details in the project,about which the manager cares much.(care about)在这项工程里有一些细节，对此经理非常关心。(2)根据介词与形容词的搭配关系I introduced some
10、subjects to her,in which she may be interested.(be interested in)我给她介绍了几个科目，她可能对此感兴趣。(3)根据介词与先行词的关系The president said that he didnt need any reason,for which the plan couldnt be carried out.(for any reason)董事长说他不需要任何计划不能得到执行的理由。(4)根据属于与被属于(或部分与整体)的关系There stands a building over there,the elevators o
11、f which often go out of order.那里矗立着一座楼，这座楼的电梯经常出故障。3as,which 引导非限制性定语从句区别aswhich指代引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义正如这，那功能连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句As we all know,the situation of the real estate in this town is changing.(as 引导非限制性定语从
12、句)众所周知，这个城镇的房地产形式在发生变化。His success has hit the whole country,which his family members are proud of.(which 引导非限制性定语从句)他的成功轰动全国，他的家人以此为傲。即时演练 221.单句语法填空There was a prison on the island,which nobody escaped.He has made great progress in his work,which his parents feel proud.Sometimes we may be in a sim
13、ilar situation,which we have ever been.fromof in22.完成句子They have bought an apartment recently,()face south.最近他们买了一套公寓，公寓的两个房间朝南。,_the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围着太阳转。two rooms ofof which two roomswhichAs we all know链接高考单句语法填空1(2019全国卷语法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at th
14、e pet shop in Macclesfield,_she opened with her late husband Les.2(2019天津高考改编)Their child is at the stage _ she can say individual words but not full sentences.whichwhere3(天津高考改编)Kate,sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia.4(全国卷)Like anything,it is possible
15、 to have too much of both,is not good for the health.5(全国卷)But Sarah,has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined to carry on with her education.whosewhichwho6(天津高考改编)My eldest son,work takes him all over the world,is in New Yor
16、k at the moment.7.(全国卷)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.whosewhen演练提能.单句语法填空1Between the lectures is 20 minutes break,the student
17、s can get relaxed.2There is too much information on the Internet,some ofis unreliable.3The project is based on an agreement,one of purposes is to ensure that the project can be accomplished before the deadline.whichwhen whose4is reported in the newspaper,the air pollution in some big cities,such as
18、Beijing and Wuhan,has become more and more serious.5Nowadays,it is common to see people staring at their mobile phones instead of reading a real book,which many experts are worried.6Her performances on the stage were perfect,made a lot of people admire her.7In the dark street,there wasnt a single pe
19、rson,whom she could turn for help.Asaboutwhichto 8I made friends with Tom during his stay in Beijing,he was studying Chinese in a university there.9is widely accepted,in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses,but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.10A story I re
20、ad two years ago,name I cant remember clearly,changed my idea about education.whenAswhose.句型转换1Stephen Hawking believed that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet whose life has developed gradually.Stephen Hawking believed that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet has developed graduall
21、y.2Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all of which she spoke fluently.Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all she spoke fluently.thelifeofwhichofwhich3The school shop,where customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.The school shop,customers are mainly students,is clos
22、ed for the holidays.4The newly built caf，the walls of which are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.The newly built caf，walls are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.atwhichwhose5Thats the new machine whose par
23、ts are too small to be seen.Thats the new machine are too small to be seen.6We are living in an age when many things are doing on computer.We are living in an age many things are doing on computer.thepartsofwhich inwhich7The tourist is looking for someone who he can turn to for the way to the post o
24、ffice.The tourist is looking for someone he can turn for the way to the post office.8The old lady often talks of the reason why she had to go to work in the countryside when she was young.The old lady often talks of the reason she had to go to work in the countryside when she was young.to whomforwhich谢谢 观 看