1、Section Grammar 定语从句()语法图解探究发现1The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.3He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.4The school where I studied for only two years was three k
2、ilometres away.5However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.6The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.7.until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.8.we were put into a position in which we had either to accept
3、 we were less important,or fight the government.我的发现(1)关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语(句 1、5、6)；关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语(句 4、7)。(2)在“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句中，用于指代物(句 3、8)；用于指代人(句 2)。whenwherewhichwhom一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的指代及功能关系副词先行词功能when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语why reason原因状语1.关系副词 when 引导定语从句时，先行词应是表时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。There
4、are occasions when one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。2关系副词 where 引导定语从句时，先行词应是表地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。This is the school where I graduated.这就是我毕业的学校。3关系副词 why 引导定语从句时，先行词常常为 reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。The reason why I dont trust him is that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。点津 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系
5、副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。Is this the reason(that)he explained for his rudeness at the meeting?这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？即时演练 1 选词填空：when/where/whyThe Voice of China has set up a stage some people can achieve their dreams.April Fools Day is a traditional festival people play harmle
6、ss jokes on others.Can you explain the reason you dont help him?wherewhenwhy二、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句1若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用 whom，指物时常用 which。另外，whose 也可以放在介词后，即“介词whose名词”结构。Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事业。I wish to thank Professor Smith,without whose h
7、elp I would never have got this far.我希望感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我永远不会走这么远。2该结构中介词的选用(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词的搭配This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配Is this the car for which you paid a high price?这就是你高价买的汽车吗？句子的意思This is the pilot with whom my father ha
8、s worked for ten years.这就是和我爸爸一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用 of。常见结构：在 some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each 等代词或数词的前、后可以用 of which/whom。John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of whomare family members.约翰邀请了大约 40 人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。(3)有时“介词where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词whi
9、ch”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。His head soon appeared out of the window,from where he saw nothing but trees.他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(from where 相当于 from out of the window，而不是 from the window)即时演练 221.在下面的句子中填入适当的介词The girl whom you talked just now is our English teacher.This is the house which we lived last
10、 year.The boss whose company Mr.King worked had heard about the accident.to/withinin22.用适当的介词对比填空This is the book which I spent 10 yuan.This is the book which I paid 10 yuan.I still remember the day which I first came to this school.Do you remember the year which you first visited Beijing?onforonin链
11、接高考单句语法填空1(2019天津高考改编)Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.2(2019江苏高考改编)We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.3(2018江苏高考改编)Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.wherewhenwhere4
12、(2016全国卷语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.5(2015北京高考改编)Opposite is St.Pauls Church,you can hear some lovely music.whenwhere演练
13、提能.句型转换1The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago.The house he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.2There is a table in the house.There are some apples on it.There is a table in the house there are some apples.3We settled down in a small village.In front of the village ra
14、n a winding river.We settled down in a small village ran a winding river.where(in which)on whichin front of which4She has three sons.All of her sons are abroad now.She has three sons and are abroad now.5There are sixty students in our class.Thirty of the students in our class are girls.There are six
15、ty students in our class,are girls.6The school lies in the east of the town.He once studied in the school.The school he once studied lies in the east of the town.7Do you remember the days？On those days we played together.Do you remember the days we played together?all of themthirty of whomwherewhen8
16、Well go to hear the famous singer.We have often talked about the famous singer.Well go to hear the famous singer we have often talked.9The man is my friend.You talked with the man.The man you talked is my friend.10The plane is very comfortable.We flew to Shanghai in the plane.The plane we flew to Sh
17、anghai is very comfortable.about whomwith whomin which.完成句子1Listening and speaking are very important for a language learning,.听和说对于一门语言学习非常重要，通过此种方式你一定会取得很大进步。2Our class also has problems of its own,.我们班也有自身具有的问题，其中最明显的是学生的懒惰。3During holiday seasons,I will live in the countryside,.在假期，我会住在乡下，那里空气新鲜
18、而且人们友好。by which you are sure to make great progressof which the most obvious one is the students lazinesswherethe air is fresh and people are friendly4I think the reason may be the high pressure of study.我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。5The day from abroad is the happiest day in the boys life.父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个
19、男孩一生中最幸福的一天。6Last week,two people came to look at the house,it.上周，有两个人来看了这间房子，两人都想把它买下来。why you are always angrywhen/on which his father returnedboth of whom wanted to buy7I dont know the reason the well-paid job.我不知道为什么他拒绝了这份高收入的工作。8They have come to an important stage.他们已经到了他们必须做出决定的重要阶段。9The coup
20、le have three daughters,music in college.这对夫妇有三个女儿，都在大学里学音乐。10The man pulled out a gold watch,were made of small diamonds.这名男子拿出一只金表，它的指针是由小钻石做成的。why he refusedwhere they must decideall of whom are studyingthe hands of which.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Carol Gee,now a writer,had been fi
21、red from her job after 12 years of working.Though she _1_(look)for a new job for 17 months,she couldnt find another job.Then an event led her to the path that she didnt know she needed.“I hope _2_(stay)at Emory University because I enjoy working with students.But _3_(unlucky),I was laid off.I told e
22、veryone that I was looking for a job,and to let me know if they heard of anything.One day,a friend emailed me about a position at the business school _4_ she worked.She even sent me the job description.Even after reading the description,I wasnt sure it was right _5_ me,but she thought _6_ was and to
23、ld me to go.I did and I got the position,which included _7_(write)case studies that I loved and some other _8_(skill)I didnt realize I had.I was _9_(surprise)by the result but I was also happy as this position gave me the chance to work with students again.The meaning of this story is that sometimes
24、 other people know us _10_(well)than we know ourselves.”语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Carol Gee 用自己的故事告诉读者：有时候别人比我们自己更了解我们自己。1had looked 从句 look 的动作发生在主句动作 couldnt find之前，故用过去完成时。2to stay hope to do sth.“希望做某事”。3unluckily 副词作状语，修饰整个句子。4where 该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词是 the business school，关系词在从句中作状语，故填 where。5for be right for sb.“适合某人”。6it 这里用 it 指代上文提到的 position。Carol Gee 的朋友觉得这份工作适合她。7writing include 后面跟 v.-ing 形式。8skills 根据空前的“some other”可知，这里用名词的复数形式，泛指其他的一些技能。9surprised 主语是人，故用 surprised。10better 根据下文“than we know ourselves”可知，这里用 well的比较级 better。谢谢 观 看