1、知识梳理核心突破单元微写作分层限时跟踪练选修 8 Unit 2Cloning知识梳理|五种记忆攻克预习关.重点单词音义记A根据所给提示写出下列单词1_/breIkru/n突破2_/drbk/n缺点；不利条件3_/kst/vt.扔；投；掷4_/straIk/vt.&vi.打；撞击；罢工 n.罢工5_/bteIn/vt.获得；赢得breakthroughdrawbackcaststrikeobtain6_/teIn/vt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)7_/ndteIk/vt.着手；从事；承担8_/vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于9_/fbId/vt.(forbade，forbad；forbi
2、dden)禁止；不准10_/riznbl/adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的attainundertakeoweforbidreasonableB用上述单词的适当形式填空11Scientists are hoping for a _ in the search for a cure for cancer.12Dr.Johnson _ the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary last year.13I _ this record for you with difficult.14He _ his success to his
3、teacher.15The workers want the boss to give a _ explanation for reducing their pay.breakthroughundertookobtainedowesreasonable掌握这些生义1undertake vt.承诺；答应2owe vt.忠诚，服从3strike vt.&vi.报时；划(火柴).拓展单词构词记A根据所给提示写出下列单词1_vt.改正 adj.正确的；恰当的；端正的_n改正；纠正；修正2_vi.反对；不赞成_n不赞成；反对；异议_adj.客观的；就事论事的3_vi.不同；相异_adj.不同的_n不同，
4、差异correctcorrectionobjectobjectionobjectivedifferdifferentdifference4_adj.精确的；准确的_adv.恰好地；精确地；正确地5_vt.假定；设想_n假定；设想6_vt.调节；管理_n规则；规章；法规7_adj.流行的，通俗的；受欢迎的_n受人喜爱；流行exactexactlyassumeassumptionregulateregulationpopularpopularity8_vt.抵抗；对抗_adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的_n抵抗；对抗9_vt.装饰；装潢_n装饰10_adj.最初的；开始的_adv.最初；开始；起初resi
5、stresistantresistancedecoratedecorationinitialinitiallyB用句后所给单词的适当形式填空11Although they are twins，they _ from each other in many aspects.One of their major _is that they have _characters.(differ)12Nowadays few people can _ the temptation of money.Whoever is _ to it is bound to achieve a lot in their l
6、ife.(resist)13Many people raised an _ to the news report，arguing that it is not _.(object)differdifferencesdifferentresistresistantobjectionobjective14She lives in an _ that she will win every time because she always _ no one is more capable than her.(assume)15In western countries，every family _ the
7、 Christmas trees with materials.On Christmas Eve，the home takes on a wonderful look with all these _.(decorate)assumptionassumesdecoratesdecorations领悟这种构词由第 2 题可知后缀-ive 常常加在某些动词后面，构成形容词，带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义。常见的还有：suggestive adj.引起联想的attractive adj.吸引人的collective adj.集体的.核心短语搭配记A补全下面短语1pay _ 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
8、2cast _使沮丧；使失望3object _反对4_ favour of 赞成；支持5(be)_ to(do).一定或注定offdowntoinbound6strike._ ones heart 使刻骨铭心7from time _ time 不时；偶尔8bring back to _使复生；使复活9_ vain 白费力气；枉费心机10_ good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏intotolifeininB.选用以上短语的适当形式填空11After ten years of hard work，Mathild _ all her debts at last.12Th
9、e man attempted to escape from prison，but _.13Although his car is old，it is still _.14The company discriminates against old people _ the young.15They _ putting off the meeting.paid offin vainin good conditionin favour ofobjected to当心这些短语1object to 中 to 是介词，后可以接名词、代词或动名词。2be bound to 中 to 是不定式符号，后跟动词
10、原形。3cast down 中 cast 的过去式和过去分词分别为 cast 和 cast。.典型句式仿写记A根据提示补全教材原句1_(接着传来了的坏消息)that Dolly had become seriously ill.2_(的优点是)if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.3However，scientists still wo
11、nder _(克隆技术会帮助我们还是伤害我们)and where it is leading us.Then came the disturbing newsThe advantage is thatwhether cloning will help or harm usB佳句仿写 1 对 14接着传来了令人兴奋的消息中国队赢得了 439 枚金牌中的 151 枚。_5骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。_6我不知道他喜不喜欢它。_Then came the exciting news that China won 151 of the 439 gold medals.The advan
12、tage of cycling to work is that we can live a lowcarbon life.I dont know whether or not he likes it.写作这样使用1(2015浙江高考)Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum.有一次让我们自己决定是否在公园里野餐或者去博物馆。2(2015浙江高考)The main reason for my choice is that being brought up in a cultur
13、e emphasizing collectivism,I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit.我选择的主要原因是，在一个强调集体主义的文化中，我倾向于为集体利益牺牲我自己的利益。.课文内容缩写记阅读所学课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Cloning is a way of 1._(make)an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is 2._ gardeners use it to produ
14、ce commercial 3._(quantity)of plants.The other is that it is 4._(value)for research on new species and for medical research on animals.5._，the process of cloning is difficult to undertake.makingthatquantitiesvaluableHoweverMany attempts to clone mammals failed.The first successful clone，Dolly the sh
15、eep，made the whole scientific world follow its process，though it had 6._ problems than the normal sheep.On the other hand，Dollys appearance 7._(raise)a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public 8._(imagine)Different people have 9._(differ)opinions on it.However，scientists st
16、ill wonder 10._cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.moreraisedimaginationdifferentwhether核心突破|互动式探究盘清考点小题快做讲前自测 有的放矢根据提示完成下列句子1She was shut away and forbidden to read(并且不允许看书)2Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak(在他们的语言能力方面不同于其他动物)3For a moment nothing happen
17、ed.Then came voices(接下来传来一阵的声音)all shouting together.4In a natural disaster，minutes and even seconds of warning can make thedifference between life and death(关系到人的生死存亡)5The athletes years of hard training paid off(她多年的刻苦训练总算得到了回报)when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.1differ vi.不同；相异；意见相左佳句理解
18、Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.(重庆高考阅读理解)现在对于灰尘的态度仍然有很大不同。(1)differ from不同于；和不同differ in 在方面不同differ with sb.on/about/over sth.在上和某人有分歧/异议(2)be different from.in.在方面与不同(3)make a difference to.对有影响/作用/关系tell the difference between A and B分清 A 和 BThe story he told the police differed f
19、rom the one he told his mother.他在警方和在他母亲那里说辞不一。What you have told me may make a difference to my own position.你曾经告诉我的对我的职业发展产生很大影响。2forbid vt.禁止；不准佳句理解 You may not go to the partyI absolutely forbid it！(朗文辞典)你不可以去参加聚会我绝对不允许你去！forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb.from doing.禁止某人做forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某
20、事Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的The regulations forbid smoking in the room.规定禁止在房间内吸烟。He was forbidden to leave the house，as a punishment.作为惩罚，他被禁止离开房子。The rain forbade us from playing football.雨阻碍了我们踢足球。名师点津forbid 后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用 forbid sb.to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow，permit，advise
21、等。3owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢佳句理解 Helena probably owed her rapid recovery to her husbands devoted care.(朗文辞典)海伦娜的快速痊愈也许应归功于她丈夫的精心照料。(1)owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe.to.把归功于owe it to sb.that.多亏某人(2)owing to 因为；由于He owes a great deal to his publishers.他对他的出版商感激涕零。Owing to the rain，the match was can
22、celled.因为下雨取消了比赛。4strike nvi.&vt.打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时；划(火柴)；打动 n.罢工一词多义写出下列句子中 strike 的词性及含义The clock has just struck 10.vt.报时It struck me that no one was at home.vt.突然想起He struck the table a heavy blow angrily.vt.打；击The girl struck a match and lit a candle.vt.划(火柴)She was struck by his kindness.vt.打动They
23、have been on strike for several days.n.罢工A big earthquake struck the area last week.vt.袭击(1)strike.with.用敲打strike/knock against 撞到上It strikes sb.that.某人突然意识到be struck by.深受感动；被打动(2)on strike 罢工Workers had been out on strike for 8 months.工人已经罢工 8 个月了。5assumption n 假定；设想；承担；掌握佳句理解 When serious illness
24、 visits your household,its not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar.(2015浙江高考阅读理解)当重大疾病光顾你的家庭时，不仅仅是你的日常生活以及你对未来的设想都变了样。on the assumption that.假定assume v.假定(设)；认为assume sb./sth.to be.认为某人(事)assuming(that).假设(引导条件状语从句)It is assumed that.人们认为Let us a
25、ssume it to be true.让我们假定这是真实的。I had assumed him to be a Belgian.我本以为他是比利时人。Assuming that there wasnt the hard work of the dustmen，what can you imagine our environment will be like?假设没有清洁工们的辛勤工作，你可以想象我们的环境将会怎样？单词随堂巩固完成句子1It is generally assumed that(普遍认为)stress is caused by too much work.2The new la
26、w forbids smoking(新法律禁止吸烟)in offices.3Struck by the beauty of its buildings(被建筑之美所打动)on their previous visit，they decided to visit the small old town again.4If I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher(这一切归功于我的老师)5Man differs from beasts(人与野兽不同)in that the former is able to laugh,while t
27、he latter arent.1pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清一词多义 写出下列句子中 pay off 的含义Our plan certainly paid off；it was a great idea.取得成功They paid off their mortgage after seven years.偿清His design won the first prize in the competition.Years of patience and hard work had at last paid off.得到好结果pay back偿还(欠款)；报复pay for sth.
28、付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价pay sb.for sth.因某事物给某人报酬pay sth.out/pay out sth.付巨款2object to 反对；不赞成佳句理解 My mother objected to every boy I brought home.我带回家的男孩，我母亲一个都不喜欢。(朗文辞典)object to sb./sth.反对；不赞成object to sb.doing.反对某人做raise an objection to sth.对提出异议have/make an objection to/against doing sth.对表示反对I really objec
29、t to being charged for parking.我非常反对收停车费。We have no objection to discussing the new project again.I cant agree more.我们不反对再次讨论这个新项目。我完全同意。3in vain 白白地；徒劳；白费力气；枉费心机佳句背诵 In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain，while Picture 2 shows a couple happ
30、ily planting trees.(2013江苏高考书面表达)在图 1 中，一个人正试图在一棵被树桩包围的孤零零的树上挂一个横幅，但是没用，而图 2 显示一对夫妇正高兴地植树。in trouble 处于困境中in danger 处于危险中in reality 实际上in fact 实际上in fashion 时髦in charge 负责in advance 提前in order 有秩序An experienced mechanic is in charge of the job.一位有经验的机械师负责这工作。I come in advance of the others，but they
31、will be here soon.我先于其他人来，但他们很快也会来。短语随堂巩固完成句子1The scene struck terror into his heart(使他恐惧)when he saw it.2To our relief,the doctor was able to bring her back to life(把她救活了)3He devoted most of his time to his research，believing his hard work wouldpay off sooner or later(相信他的努力迟早会得到回报)4Worried about t
32、he noise，many local people object to(许多当地人反对)the building of the new airport near their neighborhood.5All the efforts he invested were in vain(是徒劳无果的)1However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.然而科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类以及克隆技术将把我们引向哪里感到困惑。whether.or
33、.意为“无论还是”，常用来引导让步状语从句和名词性从句。Whether he will go there or not makes no difference.(主语从句)无论他去不去那里都没关系。Whether you like it or not，you must do it well.(让步状语从句)不管你喜不喜欢，你必须做好它。名师点津if 也是可以与 or not 并用的，在动词后的宾语从句中，whether.or not 与if.or not 也是可以互换使用的。此外，后置的主语从句，也可以用 if.or not 引出。注意 or not 可直接跟在 whether 后面，即 wh
34、ether or not，但不能直接跟在if 后面，即不可说 if or not。2The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals maydie.其优点是如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉The advantage is that.其优点是The problem is that.问题是The drawback is that.缺点是The chance is that.有可能There is no chance that.没有可能The problem is that we cant g
35、et the money we need.问题是我们不能得到我们所需要的钱。The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.汽车普及的缺点是它引起了严重的空气污染。句型随堂巩固句型转换1I dont know if youll come to attend the party or not.I dont know whether or not youll come to attend the party.2It is because they can carry it wi
36、th them wherever they go.The reason is that they can carry it with them wherever they go.3As is known to us all,heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed.The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is knownto us all.单元微写作|篇章式巩固单元要点.根据所给提示翻译下面句子1人们对克隆有不同的看法。(dif
37、fer)Peoples ideas of cloning differ.2有些人很沮丧。他们认为这在伦理上是不合理的，应该被禁止。(cast down)Some feel cast down.They think it is not morally reasonable and should beforbidden.3许多国家从事这个课题并获得重大的突破。(undertake；breakthrough)Many countries undertake it and obtain great breakthroughs.4我们无法抗拒它。(resist)We are unable to resist it.将以上句子连成一段语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文_参考范文Peoples ideas of cloning differ.Some feel cast down because they think it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden.Actually many countries undertake it and obtain great breakthroughs.So it is almost impossible for us to resist it.