1、Section Grammar 定语从句()探究发现1The number of people who/that were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.2Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which/that was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.3The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the
2、 dead.4China is a country that/which has a long history.5Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.6The man(whom/who/that)I have to phone lives in Canada.我的发现(1)关系代词 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，如句、句和句。(2)关系代词 whom 指人，在定语从句中作语，在口语和非正式文体中可用 who 或 that 替换，如句 6。(3)关系代词 which 指，在定语从句
3、中作主语或宾语，如句 2和句 4。(4)关系代词 that 既可以指人也可以指，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如句 1、句 2、句 4 和句 6。(5)关系代词 whose 既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作语，如句 5。136宾物物定一、定义定语从句定义在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句关系词关系代词who;whom;whose;which;that;as关系副词when;where;why分类限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句单元语法关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose引导的限制性的定语从句点津 关系词在句中的三个作用：连接主从句；指代先行词；在从句中充当成
4、分。二、关系代词的基本用法1that 既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。The children that are injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。There is a film(that)Id like to see.有一部电影我想去看。2which 指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。Guilin is a city which has a history of 2,000 years.桂林是座有 2
5、 000 年历史的城市。This is the hotel(which)I stayed at when I was travelling here.这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的房子。3who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。The man who is talking with my father is a policeman.正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是警察。The professor(who)you wish to see has gone abroad.你希望见的那位教授出国了。4whom 指人，who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用 who 或
6、 that 代替。The woman(whom)you saw just now is our English teacher.你刚才看见的那位女士是我们的英语老师。I know who you are and whom you represent.我知道你是谁并代表谁。5whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北
7、的房间里。即时演练 1 选词填空(who,whom,that,which,whose)I dont know the girl you speak to.Wang Wei and Wang Kun were cycling along the river is called Lancang River in China.Those boys are playing tennis are my friends.The earthquake happened in 1976 in Tangshan shocked the people all over the world.I looked up
8、at my friend look on the face was determined.whom/that/whowhich/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhose三、关系代词指物时只用 that 不用 which 的情况1当先行词为 all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。The old man tried to write down all that he had gone through in his life.这位老人尽力把他平生经历的事情都写下来。2当先行词被序数词修饰时。The first place
9、that they visited in London was the Big Ben.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。3先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the largest ship that I have ever seen.这是我曾经见过的最大的船。4当先行词被 the very,the only,the same 修饰时。Thats the only thing that we can do now.那是目前我们唯一能做的事。I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。5当先行词中既有人，又有物
10、时。We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。6当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的疑问句时，为避免重复 而用 that。Which is the book that you like most?你最喜欢的书是哪一本？即时演练 2 用适当的关系词填空There seems to be nothing seems impossible for him in the world.He prefers the apples come from his parents farm.I h
11、ave read all the books you gave me.This is the best TV series has been shown this month.This is the only newspaper I read in the morning.thatthat/whichthatthatthat链接高考单句语法填空1(2019浙江高考语法填空)A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform.On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of clot
12、h gives off light in the dark.2(2018全国卷语法填空)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.that/whichthat/which3(2018全国卷语法填空)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture
13、finds that between 2005 when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.4(2018浙江高考语法填空)Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it c
14、an be to eat out.that/whichwho/that5(2017天津高考改编)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California,you will be among trees are over 1,000 years old.6(2017北京高考改编)The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.that/whichthat/which演练提能.单句语法填空1The boy saved
15、 your grandma is my neighbor.2He is the man I saw yesterday.3The book I bought yesterday is on English grammar.4Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?5This is the biggest laboratory we have ever built in our school.who/thatthat/who/whom/不填that/which/不填thatthat/不填6The Sound of Music is the first Eng
16、lish film I have ever seen.7The place interested me most was the Childrens Palace.8Is there anyone in your class family is in the country?9Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from you received gifts?10The things and people my grandpa told me when I was young still remain refresh in my min
17、d.that/不填that/whichwhosewhomthat.完成句子1She was not on the train just now.她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。2I once lived in the house.我曾经住在那所屋顶已经倒塌的房子里。3This is the teacher.这就是我们谈论过的那个老师。4The man has been arrested.偷你汽车的人已经被逮捕了。which arrivedwhose roof has fallen in(whom)we have talked aboutwho stole your car5Do you know
18、the things and persons 你知道他们讨论的事和人吗？6People can appeal.房租被提高的人可以上诉。7This is the best movie.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。8Music is the only thing.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。that they are talking about?whose rents have been raised(that)Ive ever seenthat interests me.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。New York City is a cit
19、y that _1_(lie)at the mouth of the Hudson River,southeastern New York State.It is _2_(official)called the City of New York.The city has five parts:Manhattan,Brooklyn,the Bronx,Queens,and Staten Island each having its own lifestyle._3_(move)from one city to the next may be like passing from one count
20、ry to _4_.For the past two _5_(century),New York City has been the largest and _6_(busy)American city.Over half the people and goods that ever entered the US.in the past came through its port(港口).New York City means _7_(possible)because it is always on its way to something better.However,it has also
21、 become a goal for international terrorism(恐怖主义).The World Trade Center,_8_ had been the most important symbol of the city for 30 years,_9_(attack)on September 11,2001.Whatever happens,New York City is a place that provides people _10_ all kinds of foods,languages,and experiences.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国
22、第一大城市纽约市。1lies 定语从句的关系词 that 是 lie 的主语，两者之间是主动关系，且本句为陈述事实，故填 lies。2officially 副词修饰动词 called。3Moving/To move 动名词或动词不定式作主语。4another 根据上文的“from one country”可知，此处填 another指代另一个国家。5centuries 根据本空前的 two 可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。6busiest 根据空前的 largest 可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。7possibility 纽约市意味着许多可能性。名词作谓语动词means 的宾语。8which 该空为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为 The World Trade Center，关系词在从句中作主语，故填 which。9was attacked 本句的主语是 The World Trade Center，与动词 attack 之间是动宾关系，且本句描述过去发生的事情，故填 was attacked。10with provide sb.with sth.“向某人提供某物”。谢谢 观 看