1、专 题 探 究考 点 突 破专题六 情态动词和虚拟语气专 题 探 究考 点 突 破怎么考 在语篇中考查：1.情态动词的基本用法(情感、态度和推测)；2.某些情态动词的“偏义”用法，如：shall，must，wont等；3.虚拟语气的考查。怎么学 在平时的阅读与学习中，注意情态动词的基本用法，掌握虚拟语气的句型公式。怎么解 细心体会上下语境，把握作者或语篇中人物的情感态度，然后确定情态动词的选择。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破.体验考向 用适当的情态动词或所给单词的适当形式填空 1.(2016北京卷)I love the weekend，because I_get upearly on Satur
2、days and Sundays.2.(2016浙江卷)George _(go)too far.His coffee is stillwarm.3.(2015湖南卷)That is，you _ always rely just on theInternet for your research.专 题 探 究考 点 突 破4.(2015北京卷)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really_go now.My daughter is homealone.5.(2015江苏卷)It might have saved me some t
3、rouble _ Iknown the schedule.6.(2015天津卷)I wish I _(be)at my sisters wedding lastTuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.7.(2015陕西卷)You _feel all the training a waste of time，but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.8.(2015 重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences，Hem
4、ingwaywouldnt _(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.专 题 探 究考 点 突 破答案 1.neednt 考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为每逢周六、周日我不需要早起。2.cant have gone 考查情态动词。句意：乔治不可能已经走得太远。他的咖啡温乎。cant have done表示对过去否定的推测，意为“不可能做了”。3.shouldnt 那就是你不应该总是仅依靠网络来进行研究。根据语境和句意得知表示不应该，故用shouldnt。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破4.must 考查情态动词。句意：你就不能多待会儿吗？天晚了，我
5、现在必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家呢。5.had 考查虚拟语气。句意：要是知道安排，我可能会省去一些麻烦。这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语使用had done的形式，此句是将had提前，省略if的形式。6.had been 考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望上周二参加我妹妹的婚礼，但是那时我正好在纽约出差。wish后面跟从句时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破7.may 考查情态动词。句意：你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百确信，你以后会感激自己做过的一切。8.have written 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果海明威没有战争经历的话，他就不会写出著名的小说永别
6、了，武器。此处表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，介词短语without.相当于if he hadnt had his wartime experiences，故主句谓语要用wouldnt have done。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破.考点集训 集训 单句语法填空 1.(2015重庆卷)You _be Carol.You havent changed abit after all these years.2.(2015福建卷)Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.Oh，its too bad.You _(make)full preparations.
7、3.(2015安徽卷)It is lucky we booked a room，or we would_(have)nowhere to stay now.4.(2014重庆卷)Ive ordered some pizza，so we _ worryabout cooking when we get home tired.专 题 探 究考 点 突 破5.(2014湖南卷)If Mr.Dewey _(be)present，he wouldhave offered any possible assistance to the people there.6.(2013四川卷)Why are your
8、 eyes so red？You cant _(sleep)well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.7.(2012广东卷)He walked in as if he _(buy)the school.8.(2012重庆卷)_ you interrupt now？Cant you seeIm on the phone?Sorry Sir，but its urgent.答案 1.must 2.should have made 3.have 4.neednt5.had been 6.have slept 7.would buy 8
9、.Must 专 题 探 究考 点 突 破集训 根据提示用适当的情态动词完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，在语境中体会情态动词的用法。Miss Fang _1_(can not)read for very long without gettinga headache.Her mother told her that she _2_ go to the HealthService and see a doctor.“You _3_ see a doctor as soon aspossible，”she said.“You _4_ need glasses.”When Miss Fang had fr
10、ee time，she went to the HealthService.The appointment clerk said that the doctor _5_ see herat 3：30.专 题 探 究考 点 突 破Miss Fang replied that she _6_ not be able to be there at3：30 because she had a class then.“The doctor _7_ take youat about ten to four，”the appointment clerk suggested.“_8_ I put you do
11、wn for ten to four，or _9_ yourather come tomorrow？”Miss Fang thought she _10_(shall not)waste any moretime.The teacher _11_ be unhappy if she asked for permission toleave the class a little early，as he was always so kind toeveryone.And she replied，“I think I _12_ make it at ten tofour.”专 题 探 究考 点 突
12、破Miss Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher，“_13_ I leave at 3：45 today？I _14_ have an eyeexamination.”As expected，the teacher said，“Yes，of courseyou _15_.”答案 1.couldnt 2.should 3.should 4.might 5.could6.would 7.might 8.Shall 9.would 10.shouldnt 11.shouldnt12.can 13.May/Can 14.must 15.can 专 题
13、 探 究考 点 突 破知识胸有成竹 一、情态动词的6种特殊用法 1.can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级。2.can/could的否定式与enough或too(much)连用表示“再也不为过”。3.must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句。4.may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。5.would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯，现在已不复存在。6.should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破二、“情态动词have done”的2类用法 1.对过
14、去发生的事情或状态进行推测 must have done(过去)一定；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句 may(might)have done(过去)可能；语气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句 can(could)have done 用于否定句和疑问句，表示怀疑或不确定 专 题 探 究考 点 突 破2.表示“与过去事实相反”could have done 过去本可以做某事但实际上没做 neednt have done 过去本不必做某事但实际上做了 ought to/should have done 过去本应该做某事但实际上没做 oughtnt to/shouldnt have done 过去不应该做某事但实
15、际上做了 might have done 过去可能做某事但实际上没做 专 题 探 究考 点 突 破三、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中的4种情况 1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用 类别 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词 与现在事 实相反 过去式(be用were)should/would/could/might动词原形 与过去事 实相反 had过去分词 should/would/could/mighthave过去分词 与将来事 实相反 过去式(be用were)should/would/could/might动词原形 should动词原形 were to动词原形 专 题 探 究考 点 突 破2.虚拟条件句中的
16、省略与倒装 如果虚拟条件句中含有were/had/should，有时可把if省略，把were/had/should提到主语之前形成倒装；若为否定形式，not不可提前。3.错综时间条件句 有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。4.含蓄条件句 有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for，without等介词(短语)来表达或用连词or，otherwise等暗示后文与前面情况相反。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破四、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件 1.在“It isimportant/necessary/natural/strange/es
17、sential/vital/apitythat.”句型中，谓语动词用(should)动词原形。2.在would rather(that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破3.句中含有以下单词或变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破4.wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气 从句谓语动词 与现在事实相反 过去式(be动词一般用were)
18、与过去事实相反 had过去分词 与将来事实相反 would/could动词原形 专 题 探 究考 点 突 破五、3个特定句式中的虚拟语气 句型结构 过去虚拟 现在虚拟 将来虚拟 if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had过 去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might动词原形 as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had过 去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might动词原形 It is(high)time(that).过去式或“should动词原形”专 题 探 究考 点 突 破集训 奔向高
19、考 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One day，a poor boy who was trying to earn moneyby_1_(sell)newspapers，was so hungry_2_he decided to begfor a meal at the next house.However，when a_3_(love)youngwoman opened the door，he asked for a drink of waterinstead_4_a meal.She thought he looked hungry so she
20、brought_5_(he)a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly，andsaid“Thank you.”With these words，Howard Kelly left.专 题 探 究考 点 突 破Years later the woman became_6_(serious)ill and wasfinally sent to the hospital where Howard Kelly worked.He，nowfamous，heard the name of the town_7_she came from.Dressed in his
21、doctors clothes，Dr.Kelly recognized her at once.He decided to save her life.At last the woman _8_(save).Dr.Kelly paid the final bill and then wrote something on the side.When the bill was sent to the womans room，the note on the sideof the bill_9_(catch)her attention.She read these_10_(word)：“Paid in
22、 full with a glass of milk，Dr.Howard Kelly.”Tears ofjoy flooded her eyes.专 题 探 究考 点 突 破【语篇解读】男孩在饥肠辘辘之时得到了一个年轻女子的帮助，由此心存感激。许多年以后，这个小男孩成为一名医生，并最终挽救了这位患了重病的女子的生命。1.selling 考查非谓语动词。介词by后面接动词ing形式作宾语。2.that 考查连词。so.that.为固定结构，意为“如此以至于”。3.lovely 考查动词转换为形容词。love为动词，本题需要用形容词lovely修饰其后的名词。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破4.of
23、考查介词。instead of为固定的介词短语，意为“取代”。5.him 考查代词。bring sb sth为习惯用法，结合提示词可知此处应用人称代词宾格him。6.seriously 考查副词。空后为形容词ill，此处应用副词seriously修饰。7.that/which 考查关系代词。先行词为“the town”，引导词在定语从句中作“came from”的宾语，故此处用that或which来引导。专 题 探 究考 点 突 破8.was saved 考查动词时态和语态。save与the woman之间为动宾关系，结合上下文语境可知此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。9.caught 考查动词时态。文章的主体时态为一般过去时，且此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用caught。10.words 考查名词的数。由空格前的these可知，此处应用名词复数words。