1、课时素养检测 二Unit 1Period 2. 阅读理解AIf you want someone to open up to you, just make them laugh. Sharing a good laugh makes people more willing to tell others something personal about themselves, without even necessarily being aware that they are doing so. These are among the findings of a study led by Ala
2、n Gray of University College London in the UK. The study was published in the journal Human Nature. Gray and his colleagues gathered 112 students from Oxford University in England, into groups of three. It was the first time that the students had seen one another. The groups watched a 10-minute vide
3、o together, without chatting with one another. The videos differed in the amount of laughter and positive feelings they produced. One featured a stand-up comedy by Michael McIntyre, another a golf instruction video, and the third a pleasant nature documentary of the BBCs Planet Earth series. The lev
4、els of laughter and the students emotional state after watching the video were then measured. The students who had a good laugh together shared more personal information about each other than the groups who did not watch the funny video. Gray suggests this is not only because it is a positive experi
5、ence, but because of the physiology(生物反应)behind a good laugh. It actually causes the release of the so-called “happy hormone(荷尔蒙)”. The findings support the idea that laughter encourages people to tell more personal information to strangers. Interestingly, the person who told their personal informat
6、ion seldom noticed that he or she had done so. It was only the listener who realized it had happened. “These results suggest that laughter should be a good topic for those who are interested in the development of social relationships. ” says Gray. This suggests laughter can serve as a shortcut(捷径)to
7、 forming new relationships. 【语篇概述】英国伦敦大学学院通过研究发现: 人在心情很好的时候往往会说出自己的许多私人信息, 并且自己意识不到这一点。所以, 笑声有助于人际交往, 是构建新的人际关系的捷径。1. What does the underlined part “being aware” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Guessing. B. Realizing. C. Doubting. D. Planning. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据划线部分前后句可知, 在笑声中人们很可能透露自己的个人信息, 并且不会有所觉察,
8、 故选B。2. What is the physiological influence of laughter? A. It makes people feel very energetic. B. It is called the bodys natural painkiller. C. The “happy hormone” is released during laughing. D. It results in more movements of the muscles in the body. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 “It actually causes the
9、 release of the so-called happy hormone. ”可知, 人们笑时身体会产生一种快乐荷尔蒙, 故选C。3. What is the best title for this passage? A. Having a good laugh can help keep you fit. B. It is interesting to communicate with funny people. C. Sharing funny videos can help you make more new friends. D. Laughter may cause peopl
10、e to share their personal information. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知, 本文主要讲人们在笑时会无意透露自己的个人信息, 故选D。BDoctors are known to be terrible pilots. They dont listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didnt realize then,
11、 but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon(外科医生). I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardles
12、s of positions. I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to pu
13、t the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilotand my bossso it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to. Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now! ” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and Ive used it in the operating
14、room ever since. CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesnt overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when Im in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help fro
15、m others. Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”. 【语篇概述】作者介绍了自己做医生和飞行员的体会, 强调了倾听别人建议的重要性。4. What does the author say about doctors in general? A. They like flying by themselves. B. They are unwill
16、ing to take advice. C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段第二句 “They dont listen because they already know it all. ”可知, 医生往往不喜欢听取建议, 因为他们了解情况, 故选B。5. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when _. A. he saved the plane by speaking up
17、 B. he was in charge of a flying taskC. his boss landed the plane too lateD. his boss operated on a patient【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段“We need to put the landing gear down now! That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and Ive used it in the operating room ever since. ”可知, 作者大胆提醒飞行员(主治医生)放下起落架, 第一次感受
18、到了大胆说出来的力量, 且从此以后在手术室也这样做, 故选A。6. In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means _. A. following flying requirementsB. over reacting to different opinionsC. listening to what fellow doctors sayD. making a mistake that may cost lives【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据本句句意“但是我希望, 如果我继续鼓励他们, 总有人会在某一天阻止我犯将起落架升起来这样严
19、重的错误”可知, 此处 “landing gear up” 借指所犯的可能会以生命为代价的错误, 故选D。7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe B. Flying Makes Me a Better DoctorC. The Making of a Good PilotD. A Pilot-turned Doctor【解析】选B。主旨大意题。作者将自己从飞行员职业经历中所获得的经验运用到行医生涯中, 使自己善于倾听别人的建议, 从而使
20、自己成为了一名优秀的医生, 故选B。. 完形填空Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And theyve never actually 1 you. Everything they know about you came through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 2 they feel they can know you 3 from the sound of you
21、r voice. Thats how powerful the 4 is. Powerful, yes, but not always 5. For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom Id never met 6, got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 7 me. I sometimes wished to find another agent.
22、 One morning, I had to 8 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Ranis office 9. The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 10 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 11 immediately. “What a wonderful lady!
23、 ” I thought. Rushing out 12 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, whats your name? ” “Im Rani, ” she said. I turned around and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 13! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so nice. Sitting back in th
24、e car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Ranis 14her warm smile, her nods, her “Im here for you” 15were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires. 【语篇概述】作者通过例子表明通过电话不能完全了解一个人。1. A. accepted B. noticedC. heardD. met【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据第一段的内容可知, 很多人通过你桌子上的那个小装置对你形成印象, 了解你的一切, 但是他们没有见
25、过(meet)你。2. A. ThusB. YetC. ThenD. Indeed【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。尽管有时距离你几百英里, 但他们认为他们能通过声音了解你。yet在此处表示“然而”。3. A. ratherB. alsoC. justD. already【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。此处指仅仅(just)通过声音就能了解你。4. A. telephoneB. voiceC. connectionD. impression【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据下文的only by phone可知。5. A. directB. usefulC. easyD. accurate【解析】选D。逻辑推理题
26、。第一段提到很多人认为通过电话中的声音就可以了解一个人, 但是作者通过下面的例子说明电话影响力很大, 但通过电话了解一个人不总是很准确。accurate精确的, 准确的。6. A. in personB. by myselfC. in publicD. on purpose【解析】选A。短语辨析题。此处指我没亲自见过Rani, 指未谋过面的经纪人。in person亲身, 亲自, 本人; by myself我自己; in public公开地; on purpose故意地。7. A. annoyedB. interestedC. discouragedD. confused【解析】选A。逻辑推理
27、题。她冰冷的声音让我生气(annoyed), 我甚至想换经纪人。8. A. arrangeB. postponeC. confirmD. book【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指我要预订(book)一张机票。9. A. for the first timeB. at any timeC. from time to timeD. in good time【解析】选A。短语辨析题。前面提到我以前没有见过Rani, 所以这是作者第一次进Rani的办公室。for the first time第一次; at any time在任何时候; from time to time有时; in good time
28、及早, 提前。10. A. shyB. comfortingC. familiarD. forced【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据上句中的sympathetically可知, 女士给我一个安慰的(comforting)微笑。11. A. billB. formC. ticketD. list【解析】选C。背景常识题。要乘飞机, 当然要给我打印机票。12. A. hopefullyB. disappointedlyC. gratefullyD. regretfully【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。女士了解我的情况后, 对我表示同情安慰, 并及时给予帮助, 所以我非常感激地(gratefully)跑出
29、去。13. A. amusedB. worriedC. helplessD. speechless【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。因为之前没有见过Rani, 作者很生气Rani电话中冰冷的声音, 但是见到Rani本人后, 才知道她是很热情的人, 落差之大让作者说不出话来(speechless)。14. A. forgivenessB. eagernessC. friendlinessD. skillfulness【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据破折号后面的“her warm smile, her nods”可知, 这都是友好的信号。故选C。15. A. explanationB. attitudeC. conceptD. behavior【解析】选B。词义辨析题。her “Im here for you” attitude表示“她为你解决问题的态度”。【技法导练】阅读理解: 词义猜测题解题技巧1. 利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜测词义。2. 利用定义或解释猜测词义。3. 利用举例说明猜测词义。4. 利用文章的逻辑关系猜测词义。5. 利用构词法猜测词义。