1、课时作业29Global warming.阅读理解A(辽宁大连联考)The researchers findings will hardly come as a surprise to those who study air pollution. Previous research has shown that outdoor air pollution causes more than 3 million deaths annually and suggested that the figure could double by 2050.Another study suggested tha
2、t air pollution causes 1.6 million premature (早产儿) deaths annually in China alone. Policy makers across the globe have responded to air pollution with a number of new regulations, many of which focus on limiting pollution from coal. China stopped approval of new coal mines for three years at the end
3、 of 2015 and has issued strict requirements along the lines of those in the US for new coalfired power plants. Cities in China have also developed warning systems to get cars off the streets and limit industrial pollution during periods of intense smog. But even these policies may still be met by in
4、creases in mortality (死亡率) as aging populations are increasingly suffering from the problems associated with pollution.“China might move in the right direction in terms of air pollution, but its going to have to continue revising policies just like the US and Europe，” said Dan Greenbaum, president o
5、f Health Effects Institute, which supported the research.And, while premature deaths due to pollution in the US and Europe have declined in recent decades, cities in the West have still taken steps to reduce pollution. Air pollution kills more than 200,000 in Europe and nearly 80,000 in the US each
6、year, according to the research. The benefits of addressing air pollution extend beyond the people who experience the health effects of poor air directly.“One of the unique things about air pollution is that you cant run, you cant hide from it，” said study researcher Michael Brauer, a professor at t
7、he University of British Columbia, in a video accompanying the presentation. “But we know that if you improve air quality, everybody benefits from it.”本文是一篇新闻报道。在美国和欧洲由于户外的空气污染导致人口死亡率不断增长，很多国家已经采取相应措施来减少空气污染。1What has changed under the new policies in China?ANo more new coal mines are allowed until
8、2018.BCars cant be driven in big cities.CLess aging population are dying from air pollution.DFactories polluting air are forbidden to work.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“China stopped.plants.”可知，直到2018年中国才允许开采新煤矿。故A项符合题意。2What should China do according to Dan Greenbaum?AChange the ways of dealing with air po
9、llution.BSeek for help from the US and Europe.CRelease more strict policies.DAdjust the policies constantly.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，中国还得持续调整相关政策。故D项符合题意。3What can be inferred about the US and Europe from the last but one paragraph?AThey have settled their environmental problems.BThey have cut their pre
10、mature deaths to the lowest.CMeasures are still being taken to deal with pollution.DPopulation killed by air pollution have increased.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，虽然在美国和欧洲污染所致的早产儿死亡率在不断地下降，但是西方的很多城市还会采取措施来减少污染，因为采取措施治理空气污染所带来的好处也会有益于那些因空气质量差而健康遭受直接影响的之外的人们。故C项符合题意。B(云南师范大学附属中学模拟)A new study finds that y
11、oung females in one group of African chimps (黑猩猩) use sticks as dolls more than their male peers (同龄人) do, often treating pieces of wood like a mother chimp caring for a baby. In human cultures around the world, girls play with dolls and pretend that the toys are babies far more than boys do.Chimp o
12、bservations, collected over 14 years of field work with the Kanyawara chimp community in Kibale National Park in southern Uganda, provide the first evidence of a nonhuman animal in the wild that exhibits sex differences in how it plays. This finding supports an argument that biology as well as socie
13、ty underlies boys and girls different toy preferences.Stick play occurred most commonly between ages 3 and 9. Females spent a lot more time carrying sticks than males did. Young male chimps occasionally used sticks to mimic (模仿) childcare. “Far more often, they fought with sticks, an infrequent beha
14、viour among females，” say Sonya Kahlenberg of Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, and Richard Wrangham of Harvard University.“Biological differences between the sexes make female chimps more receptive to stickmothering than males，” says Wrangham.Consistent with reported cultural traditions among adult
15、 chimps, Kanyawara youngsters learned from each other to play with sticks as if caring for babies. Stick play among young chimps showed no evidence of being directly influenced by older chimps. Childbearing females never played with sticks and thus didnt model such behaviour for younger chimps.Young
16、 females carried sticks for anywhere from a few minutes to several hours. They often rested in nests with their sticks, sometimes playing with them much as chimp mothers play with their babies though they didnt get any form of teaching from the adults.本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究黑猩猩玩棍棒游戏，告诉我们不同性别的差异及其社会影响。4What
17、does a stick seem like to a young female chimp who plays with it?AA doll.BA mother.CA baby. DA toy.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study finds that young females in one group of African chimps (黑猩猩) use sticks as dolls more than their male peers (同龄人) do, often treating pieces of wood like a mother chimp
18、caring for a baby.”可知，年轻的雌性黑猩猩把棍棒看成婴儿。故选C项。5We can see from the text that young female chimps _.Aoften carry sticks with malesBalways carry sticks with malesCnever use sticks in fightingDseldom use sticks in fighting答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Far more often, they fought with sticks, an infrequent behaviour
19、 among females.”可知，用棍棒打架在年轻的雌性黑猩猩中是一种不常见的行为，据此推断，它们很少使用棍棒来打架。故选D项。6From whom do the young chimps pick up the stick play behaviour?AFrom each other.BFrom older chimps.CFrom their mothers.DFrom male chimps.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“.Kanyawara youngsters learned from each other to play with sticks as if ca
20、ring for babies.”可知，小猩猩是从彼此之间学会玩棍棒游戏的。故选A项。7What does the text mainly tell us about young chimps stick play?AThe types of stick play and social influence.BThe sex differences and social influence.CThe sex differences and age differences.DThe ways of stick play and age differences.答案：B解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中
21、“This finding supports an argument that biology as well as society underlies boys and girls different toy preferences.”可知，本文主要是通过介绍黑猩猩玩棍棒游戏来告诉我们不同性别的差异及其社会影响。故选B项。.完形填空(黑龙江佳木斯联考)Like many authors, I imagined hundreds of bookstore customers lining up for me to sign copies for them. Im _1_ to say, tho
22、ugh properly designed for the _2_ activity, it didnt quite happen like that.Filled with _3_， I was put into a private signing room in the store, but for the next hour and a half, and _4_ more to do than to read my own book and _5_ for what purpose in the world I had felt so driven to spend four year
23、s _6_ it. As each minute passed, I became increasingly _7_. Just when I couldnt feel any _8_， a middleaged couple walked into the room. I managed to _9_ my bad emotions (情感) and introduced myself and my _10_.The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife. She then told me, “I th
24、ink well _11_ the book.” My heart began to beat _12_. But instinctively (本能地), _13_ the desire to jump in the air and shake their hands to thank them for being my first _14_， I realized the woman was trying to say _15_ else.“The reason were buying it，” she said hesitantly, “is that our son committed
25、 suicide (自杀) two years ago.” She _16_ my hand. “Maybe your book which has great spiritual meaning will help us _17_ it.”My eyes got wet. At that moment, I knew _18_ I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing it had _19_ its purpose. This couples story was all the _20_ I needed
26、at that point to keep me moving ahead.本文是一篇记叙文。作者是位作家，本想着自己的签名售书活动非常火爆，没想到却十分冷清。正在他心情极差时，一对夫妇的一句话却给了他极大鼓舞，让他继续写下去。1A.glad BafraidCrelaxed Damused答案：B解析：由下文语境“.it didnt quite happen like that.”可知，句意：我恐怕得说，这一幕并没有发生。2A.singingBdancingCsigningDshowing答案：C解析：根据后文“.I was put into a private signing room in
27、 the store.”可知，此次为作者的首次签名售书活动。3A.expectationBconsiderationCpromiseDhesitation答案：A解析：根据常理可知，对于自己的签名售书活动，作者心里充满了期望。4A.someBmuchCanyDlittle答案：D解析：可是在接下来的一个半小时里，作者除了翻看自己的书之外，没有其他事情可做。little more than“仅仅是”。5A.decideBrememberCwonderDwish答案：C解析：作者不禁感到疑惑，究竟是什么促使他花了四年的时间来写这本书。6A.sellingBwritingCreadingDdiscu
28、ssing答案：B解析：it表示book，这里表示作者用了四年的时间写这本书。7A.anxiousBtiredCpatientDhopeful答案：A解析：按照常理，自己的书无人问津时，一定会很着急。随着时间一分一秒地过去，作者变得越来越焦虑不安。8A.betterBhigherCworseDtenser答案：C解析：就在作者情绪低落到极点的时候，一对中年夫妇走了进来。9A.conveyBhideCshowDfind答案：B解析：看到有人来，作者一边强作镇定，极力掩饰失落的情绪，一边向他们介绍他自己和他的新书。10A.purposeBbookCstoreDfamily答案：B解析：此处指介绍作
29、者自己和他的书。11A.introduceBcollectCtearDbuy答案：D解析：由最后一段“.I never sold another copy of the book”可知，此处描述的是签名售书的场景。这对夫妇听完作者的介绍后想买一本。12A.steadilyBtooCfastDslowly答案：C解析：在自己的书受到极度冷落的时候，有人要买书了，作者心情一定非常激动，他开始心跳加速。13A.despiteBbyCthroughDfor答案：A解析：But一词引出下文的内容。但是，尽管作者想握住对方的手表示谢意(因为是他的第一个读者)，但他还是本能地感受到那位女士有话要说。14A.
30、friendsBleadersCsellersDreaders答案：D解析：这对夫妇买了第一本书，所以算是作者的首批读者。15A.anythingBsomethingCnothingDeverything答案：B解析：由下文这对夫妇说的话可知，此处需要something，意思是有话要说。16A.droppedBbeatCleftDtook答案：D解析：take sb.s hand“握住某人的手”。根据语境可知，女士说完了自己的故事后，便握住了作者的手，再接着介绍买书的原因。17A.get overBget intoCturn toDturn off答案：A解析：这对夫妇的儿子自杀一事肯定让他们感到悲伤，根据句中“has great spiritual meaning”可知，他们希望通过阅读这本书得到精神上的慰藉，从而渡过难关。18A.asBsinceCeven ifDas if答案：C解析：听了他们的故事，作者眼眶湿润了。那一刻，通过这对夫妇买书的故事他认识到，即便他只卖出这一本书，四年的写作也算没有白费。19A.suitedBfailedCobeyedDserved答案：D解析：serve ones purpose“达到目的”。20A.motivationBreputationCsituationDimpression答案：A解析：这对夫妇的故事就是支撑作者继续前行的动力。