1、Unit 9 Learning Lesson 1 Active Learning学习目标1. 掌握本节生词及句型的表达与运用。2. 掌握不定式和动名词作宾语的用法。3. 通过课堂练习，对课文内容有更深入的了解。知识运用1. reflect词性：_ 意思：_reflect on/ upon 思考；反省reflect A from B 从B反射出Areflection n. 思考；映射on reflection 仔细想来；经过慎重考虑without reflection 不假思索练习：Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, i
2、t is time to pause and _.2. assume词性：_ 意思：_assume sb./ sth. (to be)+ adj./ n. 假定/ 认为某人/ 某事（为）It is assumed that 人们认为assuming (that). 假设They assumed her to be the best singer of their time.assumption n. 假定，假设on the assumption that 假定make an assumption 作出假设练习：They _ her to be the best singer of their
3、time.3. attempt词性：_ 意思：_attempt to do sth. 尝试/ 企图做某事at the first attempt 第一次尝试make an attempt to do sth. 尝试/ 企图做某事attempted adj. (犯罪或非法行为）未遂的练习：To achieve the incredible you have to _ the impossible.4. exist词性：_ 意思：_exist in 存在于之中There exists. 有/ 存在existing adj. 现存的；现有的existence n. 存在in existence 现存
4、的；现有的come into existence 产生；存在练习：The two sides have reached an agreement, but several differences still _ between them.5. impression词性：_ 意思：_make/ leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象impress vt. 使印象深刻；使铭记impress sth. on/ upon sb. = impress sb. with sth. 使某人牢记某事be impressed by 被所感动；对印象深刻be impressed on
5、 ones mind/ memory 被印在某人的脑海里impressive adj. 令人赞叹的练习：The girl made a deep _ on us that day.阅读探究Do our brains learn by themselves? How can we become active learners? Read the first paragraph and answer the questions.1 What do most people believe about the human brain? Is it true?2 What is active learn
6、ing?3 What is Kevin Daum going to talk about in the article?句型梳理 1.（教材P53）Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/ writer after all.你的观点要有灵活性，最终，你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。end up的用法end up 结束；结果，后面可以接不同的形式。(1) end up doing 以结束；最后；最终If you dont know what you want, you might e
7、nd up getting something you dont want.如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能会得到自己不想要的东西。We were going to go out but ended up watching TV at home.我们原本打算外出，结果却是待在家里看电视。(2) end up in在中结束，以方式结束Their effort ended up in failure.他们的努力以失败告终。(3) end up with 用结束The meeting ended up with a song.会议以一首歌结束。注意：(1) end up doing不是“结束做
8、某事”，不能将其理解为finish doing sth.或stop doing sth.，可理解为do sth.in the end。(2) end up in sth.有时表示意料之外的结果。2.（教材P53）If you try to find out the source of an idea, no matter how crazy it seems, you will increase your chance of learning something.如果你努力去弄清楚一个想法的源头，不论它看起来多么的愚蠢，这都可以增加你学到东西的可能性。no matter how + adj./
9、 adv.+句子“no matter how + adj./ adv.+句子”引导的是一个让步状语从句，意为“无论”或“不管”。Keep trying no matter how hard it seems, and it will get easier.无论多么艰难，努力尝试，它就会变得容易。No matter how old we get, we always need a place to call home.不管我们年龄多大，我们总要有一个称为家的地方。No matter how fast you ran, you could not catch up with him.无论你跑得有多
10、快，你都不能赶上他。They will never succeed, no matter how much they try.不管他多么努力，他们都不会成功。注意：(1) 在no matter how + adj./ adv.句式中，可以用however来代替no matter how。(2) no matter后可接其他的疑问词，如：no matter who; no matter which; no matter what; no matter when; no matter where +句子来引导一个让步状语从句。No matter who knocks at the door, do
11、nt open it.不管是谁敲门都不要开。No matter which path you choose, the act of forgiving is the first step.无论你采用何种方式，宽恕是首先要做的。No matter what happened, he could keep calm.不管发生了什么，他总能保持镇定。No matter when I got a chance, I wanted to give him a hand.只要有机会，我就会给他帮助。No matter where you work, you must keep in touch with
12、me.不管你在哪里工作，你都必须和我保持联系。3.（教材P53）It is true that we cannot help disliking some peoplethis is human nature, after all.确实，我们难免会讨厌某些人，毕竟这是人的本性。It is true that 句型在“It is true (clear, obvious, possible, certain.) that”句型中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。It is true that some people achieve success very early in li
13、fe while others must work along time before achieving their goals.情况确实如此，有些人一生中很早就获得成功，而另外一些人则要工作很长一段时间方能实现自己的目标。It is clear that not all boys like football.很明显，不是所有的男孩都喜欢足球。can not help doing sth.can not help doing sth. 忍不住做某事She could not help crying when she heard the news.当听到这个消息时，她禁不住哭了起来。I can
14、 not help thinking that he knows more than he has told us.我不禁认为他知道的比他告诉我们的还要多。can not help but do sth. 禁不住/ 不得不做某事can not help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事She couldnt help but wonder what he was thinking.她不禁琢磨着他在想什么。One can not help but reflect on his past experience.一个人不禁反思起了他过去的经历。I am sorry I can not hel
15、p (to) do the housework.对不起我不能帮忙做家务。语法解析语法：不定式和动名词作宾语1. 下列动词只能用不定式作宾语：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。decide/ determine, learn, want, expect/ hope/ wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/ beg, help。此外，afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。By all appe
16、arances, my choice of careers seems to have worked out.显然，我对职业生涯的选择似乎是成功的。2. 下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。consider, suggest/ advise, look forward to, excuse/ pardon; admit, delay/ put off, fancy; avoid, miss, keep/ keep on, practise; deny, finish, enjoy/ appreciat
17、e; forbid, imagine, risk; cant help, mind, allow/ permit, escape。另外，be used/ accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, cant stand, give up, feel like, insist on, thank.for, apologize for, be busy (in) , have difficulty/ trouble (in), have a go
18、od/ wonderful/ hard time (in), spend time (in)等短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语。I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我非常感激两年前被给予了出国学习的机会。3. 下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事regret to do sth. 对即将做的事表示遗憾（未做）regret doing sth
19、. 对做过的事表示后悔（已做）try to do sth. 尽力去做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事remember to do sth. 记着去做某事（未做）remember doing sth. 记着做了某事（已做）mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事What a poor memory! I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday. But today I forgot to retur
20、n the money to him. 多么差的记忆力！我忘了昨天向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。4. 固定句型(1) There is no good/ point/ sense/ harm + doing sth.(2) have difficulty /trouble/ a problem/ a hard time/ a good time/ fun (+in) + doing sth.(3) spend/ waste time (in) doing sth.(4) cannot help but do, can do nothing but do, have no choice/
21、 alternative but to do表示“不得不”。(5) “Why not+动词原形？”表示向某人提出建议，意为“为什么不？”(6)“would rather/ had better (+not)+动词原形”意为“宁愿/ 最好（不）做某事”。练习：1. The bird was lucky and it just missed _ (catch).2. _ (make) friends is a necessary part in our life.3. They are considering _ (go) to Hainan for the summer holiday.4. S
22、he sometimes cant help _ (persuade) into buying more clothes than necessary.5. _ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.6. He is so stubborn, so its no use _ (talk) to him again.7. The girl dreams of there _ (be) a chance to go abroad for
23、 education.8. After a long talk, the boy admitted _ (cheat) in the last exam.答案知识运用1. reflect 2. assume 3. attempt 4. exist 5. impression阅读探究1 Most people believe that our brain learns automatically. But, its not true.2 Active learning is training ourselves to be better learners, to actively take part in the learning process.3 Kevin Daum is going to talk about how to take an active role in your learning.语法解析1. being caught 2. Making 3. going 4. being persuaded5. Ignoring 6. talking 7. being 8. cheating/ having cheated
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