1、课时作业33Under the sea.阅读理解A(厦门外国语学校阶段考试)Until recently, scientists had mapped only about 20 percent of the sea floor. But our knowledge of the deep seas is changing because of information from satellites. Scientists have produced a new map that provides a detailed picture of the oceans. The map is exp
2、ected to help oceanographers (海洋学家), industry and governments.The new map is twice as detailed as the map made 20 years ago. David Sandwell is a geophysics professor at the University of California. He and other scientists worked on the mapping project. He says they turned to space to look deeper in
3、to the ocean.The scientists collected and studied information from two satellites. Some of the data came from the European Space Agencys Cryo2 satellite. It was placed in Earths orbit to watch sea ice. The other satellite is the American Space Agencys Jason1. It is studying the surface of the oceans
4、. Scientists combined the satellite data with images gathered by sonar (声呐) equipment on ships. Sonar works by sending sound waves through the water. When the sound waves hit an object, its presence is confirmed.The new map shows the sea floor as it has never been seen before. It shows thousands of
5、underwater mountains and places where continents pulled apart. It shows where earthquakes were active many years ago. They all are buried deep underneath the ocean floor.David Sandwell says the map is a powerful tool for fisheries, those interested in protecting the environment and for oil explorati
6、on.“The petroleum exploration industry is interested in how to reconnect the continents, bring them back together tectonically so you can map the basins on one continental edgesay, Africaand use that to establish where the similar basin would be on the other continental edge in South America.”If sci
7、entists know that information, they may be able to find oil fields. The new data also will help scientists improve their estimates of ocean depths. This information can help ships travel safely and improve military operations and scientific projects worldwide.Mr Sandwell thinks scientists will make
8、many more discoveries as they examine the new map and the information it provides.这是一篇介绍关于新的海洋洋流地图的科普类文章。这个地图不仅能提供详细的大洋的图片而且还可以看到大洋底部的状况，我们通过这个地图可以判断多年前发生在海洋底部的大地震。1Which one is NOT mentioned about the benefits brought by the new map?AFisheries.BScientific projects.CShip manufacture.DOil exploration
9、.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“.the map is a powerful tool for fisheries, those interested in protecting the environment and for oil exploration.”可知，新式地图的编制有利于渔业，环境科学研究以及石油勘探等方面，但并没提到造船业。2What can we know about the new map?AIt shows where earthquakes will happen.BIt will be helpful to industry and government
10、s.CIt is three times as detailed as the old one years ago.DIt shows the sea floor as it has ever been seen before.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The map is expected to help oceanographers (海洋学家), industry and governments.”可知，新式地图有望帮助海洋学家，工业及政府。3The text is likely to appear in _.Aa newspaperBan advertisementCa
11、 science magazineDa finance report答案：C解析：推理判断题。纵观全文，主要讲述了新式地图给海洋科学、工业科学、石油勘探等方面带来的有利之处。故可以推测该文来源于科技杂志。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AThe detailed picture of the oceansBUnderwater mountains and placesCMore discoveries about the oceansDScientists create new maps of ocean f
12、loor答案：D解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Scientists have produced a new map that provides a detailed picture of the oceans. The map is expected to help oceanographers (海洋学家), industry and governments.”以及下文对新式地图绘制过程及在各领域方面的运用可知，本文主要介绍了科学家绘制的新式海底地图。B(哈尔滨第三中学模拟考试)Diseases spread in many ways. An infected person can co
13、ugh or sneeze on someone nearby, or he or she can spread germs through a handshake. But sometimes we pick up germs indirectly. A sick person might leave behind bacteria or viruses when he or she touches a door handle, for example. But what if those surfaces could clean themselves?Two teenagers from
14、Hong Kong asked themselves the same question. Now theyve developed a door handle that can kill germs on contact.The idea is simple: every time the door is opened, the movement creates power that starts a germkilling reaction on the handle. In lab tests, their system killed about 99.8 per cent of the
15、 germs that they spread onto lab dishes covered with their material.Research by others has shown that door handles in public areas are often home to lots of bacteria and viruses, notes 17yearold Sum Ming (Simon) Wong. He and his schoolmate Kin Pong (Michael) Li, 18, wanted to design a covering for d
16、oor handles that would kill germs.After doing some research, they learned that a mineral called titanium dioxide is known to kill bacteria. Its already used in many products, from paints to desserts. To make their covering, the teenagers made the mineral into a very fine powder.Titanium dioxide kill
17、s bacteria best when lit by ultraviolet light, says Simon. UV light is found in sunlight. But UV light does not naturally shine on indoor handles and cant be used at night, so the teenagers light their door handles from within.To make sure the light reaches the coated surface, the teenagers made eac
18、h of their door handles out of clear glass. Each end fits into a bracket (托架). Inside one of the brack ets is a strong lightemitting diode (LED). From it comes UV light. And heres the interesting part: the power that makes the UV light shine comes from opening and closing the door. The power from th
19、e door is then carried by wire to the LED inside the door handle.The door handle system, Michael and Simon say, might cost no more than about $13 to build.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两名青少年发明了一种门把手，这种把手可以杀死留在上面的病菌。5The ways diseases spread are mentioned at the beginning of the text to _.Ademonstrate how most disea
20、ses are spread indirectlyBremind readers of the importance of cleaning their handsCexplain how to kill bacteria or viruses effectivelyDhelp to describe a new invention that prevents diseases from spreading答案：D解析：推理判断题。本文介绍了两名青少年发明了一种可以杀死病菌的门把手。文章首段提到病菌传播的方式就是为了引出这项新发明，故选D项。6Michael and Simons door h
21、andle _.Ais too expensive for ordinary familiesBis powered by the movement Cworks better at night than in the daytimeDis made of a metal that can take in the UV light答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“.every time the door is opened, the movement creates power that starts a germkilling reaction on the handle.”可
22、知，这种把手是通过使用者开关门来产生动力的，故选B项。7The LED is placed inside the brackets to _.Asupply enough power to the handle systemBproduce titanium dioxide to kill bacteriaCprovide UV light to help titanium dioxide work betterDdirect the UV light in sunlight to the coated surface答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句和第七段最后两句可知，LED会
23、产生紫外线，二氧化钛受到紫外线照射就可以从最大程度上杀死病菌，故选C项。8What is the authors attitude towards Michael and Simons door handle system?ACautious.BCritical.CEnthusiastic.DDisappointed.答案：C解析：观点态度题。结合文中作者叙述该发明的语句“The idea is simple.”“And heres the interesting part.”可知，作者对这项发明是很热情的，故选C项。.完形填空(江西抚州临川一中检测)Two years ago, when I
24、 was still at university, I also worked at a restaurant. Every day I would see people sitting there, doing whatever they _1_. How I envied them! I couldnt, _2_， because I had to work nine hours a day and _3_ the rest of the time. For the rest of my life I will _4_ the difficulties of that time forev
25、er.Last Sunday, it was rainy; a _5_ was hitting the city. What a perfect day to sit and _6_！ I went into a coffee bar, ordered a cup of coffee, and sat down to read the newspaper.Then an old man, helped by a nurse, entered with his whole body shaking. Every step seemed to be a _7_ for him. I wasnt s
26、ure, but he looked _8_ to me. I approached him, and recognized him as one of my customers two years ago.He was a retired professor. We had become friends in the _9_. We often did word puzzles together, and he was always the first to _10_. One day, after some weeks, I finally finished before him. The
27、 next day he gave me, as a _11_， an expensive Scrabble set, which I would _12_ have been able to afford myself.I felt very _13_ when I saw him again this time. He had loved to _14_， but now his mouth could not manage it. _15_ and wise as he had been, he was struck by kidney cancer like an ordinary m
28、an. I told him I had got married and decided not to _16_ my studies. I was embarrassed _17_ I knew I was letting him down, but he seemed to sense my _18_ and said something I would never _19_. “Kate, many people spend their whole life _20_ happiness. Be thankful that you have found it.”在一个暴雨天，作者在一家咖
29、啡店里喝咖啡，遇到了几年前在打工的饭店里认识的一位老人，老人的一句话让她感触颇深。1A.likedBinterestedCimaginedDchose答案：A解析：“我”每天都能看到顾客坐在那里做他们喜欢做的事情。2A.meanwhileBhoweverCthereforeDwhatever答案：B解析：根据上下文可知，“我”却不能这样做。这句话与上文之间是转折关系，故选however。3A.dateBstudyCsleepDplay答案：B解析：文章首句谈到“我”一边学习，一边工作。这里应填study。4A.desireBdescribeCrememberDrecord答案：C解析：“我”以
30、后会永远记住那个时期所经历的困难。5A.bombBplaneCfloodDstorm答案：D解析：前半句提示为雨天，应选storm。6A.relaxBentertainCtalkDwait答案：A解析：这一天特别适合坐下来休息。7A.pleasureBsurpriseCpowerDstruggle答案：D解析：根据上一句可知，这位老人身体颤抖得厉害，看起来走路对他来说都是件困难的事。be a struggle“是困难(费劲)的事”。8A.funnyBstrangeCfamiliarDdangerous答案：C解析：下文说“我”想起他是“我”的顾客，这里应选familiar。9A.univers
31、ityBrestaurantChotelDhospital答案：B解析：根据上下文可知选restaurant，因为是“我”的顾客，所以是在饭店里认识的。10A.put them downBtake them offCget them awayDwork them out答案：D解析：work out“算出，估计出，解(题)”。11A.prizeBjobCtoolDpunishment答案：A解析：“我”在他之前完成了猜字游戏，于是他奖励了“我”一套昂贵的拼字游戏套图。12A.alwaysBsometimesCusuallyDnever答案：D解析：如果不是他送给“我”，“我”自己是绝对买不起的
32、。13A.sadBscaredCshyDhappy答案：A解析：看见他现在生病的样子，“我”觉得很难过。14A.sayBeatClaughDthink答案：C解析：根据后半句“his mouth could not manage it”可知选laugh。15A.WeakBAngryCIntelligentDStupid答案：C解析：根据上段说老人总是第一个找到答案，可推出老人很聪明。16A.startBstopCleaveDcontinue答案：D解析：根据后面“I knew I was letting him down”可推断“我”决定中断学业。17A.becauseBsoCthoughDif答案：A解析：因为“我”知道“我”让他失望了，所以“我”觉得很不好意思。18A.doubtBconcernCfirmnessDfear答案：B解析：从上文可以推测出，这里是指他感觉到了“我”的担心。concern“忧虑；担心”。19A.hearBbelieveCforgetDmeet答案：C解析：他说了让“我”一辈子都难忘的话。20A.learning fromBsticking toCsearching forDhanding over答案：C解析：根据下文you have found it可知，此处是指很多人花了一生的时间去寻找幸福。