1、天津市南开中学2020届高三英语第四次月考试题（含解析）本试卷分第卷（选择题）、第卷（非选择题），共 130 分，考试用时 100 分钟。第卷第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节：单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。1.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak【答案】C【解析】【详解】考
2、查非谓语动词。句意：为了学好英语，我们应当找机会多听我们能够所讲的英语。动词hear的宾语是English，宾语与speak之间构成被动关系，故使用过去分词spoken作宾语补足语。故C正确。2.I wonder if my complaint about the quality of your products _ tomorrow.A. is handledB. will be handledC. handlesD. will handle【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我想知道明天我对你们产品质量的投诉是否能处理。分析句子可知，此处缺乏谓语动词，handle意为“处理、应
3、付”，my complaint和handle被动关系，应用被动语态（be done）； wonder后面接了一个由if引导的宾语从句，if意为“是否”，从句时间标志为tomorrow，要用一般将来时，所以是一般将来时的被动语态will be handled。故选B项。3.A _ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from Bank of China.A. beneficialB. perfectC. validD. flexible【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从中国银行购买外币
4、时，需要一张有效的身份证证件。A. beneficial受益的；B. perfect完美的；C. valid有效的；D. flexible灵活的。分析语境可知，购买外币时，有效的身份证是需要的。故选C项。4.How to _ social wealth reasonably has become a key issue when it comes to narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor in most societies.A. distributeB. associateC. accommodateD. contribute【答案】
5、A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如何合理分配社会财富，已成为大多数社会缩小贫富差距的关键问题。A. distribute 分配；B. associate联系；C. accommodate 容纳；D. contribute贡献。分析语境可知，要缩小社会贫富差距，就是要合理分配社会财富，应用distribute。故选A项。5.I am always delighted when receiving your invitation. _ the party on July 11th after the national college entrance examination, I sha
6、ll be pleased to attend.A. On account ofB. In respond toC. In view ofD. With regard to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：收到你的邀请我总是很高兴。至于高考后的7月11号的聚会，我很乐意参加。A. On account of由于；B. In respond to对的回应；C. In view of考虑到；D. With regard to关于、至于。分析语境可知，此处讲的是关于高考后聚会的事情，所以用With regard to。故选D项。6.In the program aiming to h
7、elp kids with heart disease, _ is given to those who are the only child in their family.A. preferenceB. prejudiceC. recognitionD. compromise【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个旨在帮助心脏病儿童的项目中，独生子女获得了优先考虑。A. preference偏好、优先权；B. prejudice偏见；C. recognition认可、赏识；D. compromise妥协。分析语境可知，帮助患有心脏病的孩子，独生子女获得了优先考虑，应用pre
8、ference。故选A项。7. I just cant stop worrying about the result of the final exam. _. Theres nothing you can do now but wait.A. Go aheadB. Good luckC. RelaxD. Go for it【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：我忍不住担心学校期末考试的结果。放松，现在你也无能为力只有等待。A. Go ahead去做吧；B. Good luck好运；C. Relax放松；D. Go for it全力以赴。分析语境可知，一方对于考试结果表示担忧，另一方安
9、慰其耐心等待，Relax用于缓解对方压力。故选C项。8.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.A. itB. thoseC. oneD. that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：网上的信息传播得要比报纸上的信息传播得更快。A.it指代上文出现的同一事物；B. those指代可数名词复数；C. one指代可数名词单数。D. that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数形式，后面要有定语修饰 ，表示特指。本句中that指代不可数名词information后面有介词
10、短语修饰，表示特指。故D正确。【名师点睛】1)it通常用来指代上文提到过的那个事物，表示特指概念，即指代同一物。(2)one表示泛指概念，替代可数名词的单数形式。其复数形式ones也表示泛指概念，用来替代可数名词的复数形式。the one(s)也是替代可数名词，但表示特指概念。(3)that既可以用来指代不可数名词，又可以用来指代可数名词单数形式，表示特指概念，相当于“the名词”结构。(4)those用来指代可数名词复数形式，表示特指概念，相当于“the可数名词复数”结构。它是that(指代可数名词单数时)的复数形式。(5)当that或those在句中指代事物时，它们的后面通常使用一些后置定
11、语，如：Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.(that指代不可数名词joy)特别提醒：(1)that只能代替事物不能代替人(定语从句除外)，one既可代替事物也可代替人。(2)“物主代词own”之后不能加one。(3)一般可以用this one，that one，较少用these ones和those ones。当ones前有形容词修饰时则可以用these和those。9. How was your evening? We went to a Pizza Hut and had _. We
12、 really enjoyed ourselves.A. a white elephantB. a square mealC. a sacred cowD. the salt of the earth【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：你晚上过得怎么样？我们去了必胜客，吃了一顿美餐。我们真的玩得很开心。A. a white elephant沉重的负担；B. a square meal美餐；C. a sacred cow神圣不可侵犯的思想、机构、制度；D. the salt of the earth非常正派（诚实）的人。分析语境可知，他们去了必胜客（吃东西），又很开心，说明吃
13、了一顿美餐。故选B项。10. What has made him upset recently? _ alone to face those difficulties.A. LeftB. Being leftC. Having leftD. To leave【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：什么使他最近不安？被单独留下面对那些困难。分析句子可知，因为选项是对what?进行回答，所以回答的是主语的内容，用动名词做主语，he和left是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式Being left。故选B项。11.With proper measures, the economy in China
14、 is beginning to _ again.A. rise upB. hold onC. pick upD. take on【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过适当的措施，中国的经济又开始复苏了。A. rise up上升;B. hold on等一等；C. pick up恢复；D. take on呈现。根据With proper measures可知，pick up“恢复”符合句意。故选C项。12.One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.A. mightB
15、. couldC. shallD. will【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我们其中的一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。A. might可以；B. could 可能；C. shall 一定 ；D. will会。 shall可以表示“命令，警告，强制要求；允诺；法律，规定要做”，结合句意可知C正确。故选C项。13.You cant put this yellow tablecloth _ that table itll look embarrassing!A. onB. aboveC. upD. over【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：你不能把这张黄色的
16、桌布放在那张桌子上这会让人难堪的！A. on在表面上；B. above在上方；C. up往上；D. over在正上方。分析语境可知，黄色的桌布是放在桌子表面上的，应用on。故选A项。14.By the time your habit of managing time is developed, you better decisions about how to spend your time in your future career.A. will have madeB. will be madeC. are to makeD. have been making【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查
17、动词时态。句意：当你养成管理时间的习惯时，你就会对如何在未来的职业生涯中利用时间做出更好的决定。在by the time引导的从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时/或现在完成时（表示将来），那么主句中的谓语动词常为将来完成时，表示“截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成”。故选A。【点睛】by the time用法辨析1、 如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，那么主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成时，表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去”。2、如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时/或现在完成时（表示将来），那么主句中的谓语动词常为将来完成时，表示“截止到将来某一时间为止，主
18、句动作将已经完成”。3、如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，（主句是be的系表形式或者是表示像know, find, believe等表示认知的持续性动词，则往往用一般时态，不用完成时态。）此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态，此时by the time相当于when。15.I lied yesterday, _I should make an apology to you. Im very sorry.A. whichB. for whichC. whomD. for whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我昨天撒谎了，我应该为此向你道歉
19、。对不起。所缺词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，用关系代词which，make an apology for“因而道歉”，固定搭配，介词提前，为介词加关系代词的结构。故选B。第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个 最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。In the 1860s, John Roebling, a creative engineer, launched the idea of building a bridge connecting Manhattan wi
20、th Brooklyn, New York. _16_, other bridge building experts thought that this was _17_ and told Roebling to forget the idea.John _18_ about it all the time and he knew deep in his heart that it _19_ be done. He then _20_ the dream with his son, Washington, an up-and-coming engineer. Working together,
21、 the father and the son made a _21_ of how it could be done and studied the problems they might _22_.After these preparations, they hired their crew and began to build their _23_ bridge. The project started well, but a(n) _24_ on the site took the life of John Roebling. Washington was _25_ and left
22、with a certain amount of brain damage. He wasnt able to move or even talk. However, Washington did not _26_ and still wanted to complete the bridge. One day, an idea _27_ him. All he could do was to move one _28_ and he decided to make the best use of it.He _29_ his wifes arm with that finger, _30_
23、to her that he wanted her to call the engineers again. Then he used the _31_ method of touching her arm to tell the engineers what to do. Then the project was underway again. For 13 years, Washington tapped out (敲打出) his _32_ with his finger on his wifes arm, until the Brooklyn Bridge was finally _3
24、3_.Perhaps this is one of the best examples of a never-give-up attitude that _34_ a terrible physical disability and achieves an impossible _35_.16. A. AnywayB. ThoughC. ThereforeD. However17. A. suitableB. impossibleC. easyD. available18. A. thoughtB. talkedC. toldD. took19. A. wouldB. couldC. must
25、D. should20. A. hidB. sharedC. realizedD. kept21. A. planB. decisionC. mapD. way22. A. faceB. findC. askD. cause23. A. traditionalB. fashionableC. dreamD. future24. A. eventB. accidentC. thingD. fight25. A. injuredB. deadC. sadD. nervous26. A. give outB. take upC. take inD. give up27. A. beatB. happ
26、enedC. occurredD. hit28. A. stickB. handC. fingerD. eye29. A. wavedB. feltC. touchedD. held30. A. pointingB. indicatingC. arguingD. shouting31. A. differentB. otherC. sameD. usual32. A. plansB. speechesC. methodsD. instructions33. A. completedB. appearedC. decoratedD. rebuilt34. A. overcomesB. acqui
27、resC. fightsD. removes35. A. awardB. fortuneC. statusD. goal【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John和Washington两父子要建一座其他专家认为不可能建成的桥（布鲁克林大桥），一次事故父亲John死了，儿子Washington受伤了，只有一根手指能动，Washington用永不放
28、弃的态度，克服身体残疾，用手指下指令建成了大桥。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他建桥专家认为这是不可能的，并告诉他忘了这个想法。A. Anyway无论如何；B. Though尽管；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。前文提及John Roebling想建一座连接曼哈顿和布鲁克林之间的桥，后文提及其他专家说那是不可能的并让John Roebling忘了这个想法，前后文表转折，用However。故选D项。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他建桥专家认为这是不可能的，并告诉他忘了这个想法。A. suitable合适的；B. impossible不可能
29、的；C. easy简单的；D. available可利用的。由后文，其他建桥专家让他忘了这个想法可知，建一座连接曼哈顿和布鲁克林之间的桥是不可能的，用impossible。故选B项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：John一直想着这件事。A. thought想；B. talked谈话；C. told告诉；D. took拿。由后文John和儿子制定计划去建桥了可知，John一直想着这件事，用thought。故选A项。【19题详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他内心深处知道这是可以做到的。A. would将；B. could可以；C. must必须；D. should应该。由下文可知，这座桥建成
30、了，说明建桥这件事是可以做到的，用could。故选B项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他和儿子Washington分享了这个梦想，Washington是一个有前途的工程师。A. hid躲藏；B. shared分享；C. realized意识到；D. kept保持。由下文他和儿子一起建桥可知，他和儿子分享了他的梦想。故选B项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父子俩一起制定了一个有关如何建桥的计划，并研究他们可能面临的问题。A. plan计划；B. decision决定；C. map地图；D. way方法。由下文研究如何建桥、面临的问题可知，他们对建桥做了计划。故选A项。【22
31、题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父子俩一起制定了一个有关如何建桥的计划，并研究他们可能面临的问题。A. face面临；B. find发现；C. ask问；D. cause引起。由全文语境可知，此处指的是建桥会面临的问题。故选A项。【23题详解】考查语境理解。句意：经过这些准备，他们雇佣了工人，开始建造他们的梦想之桥梁。A. traditional传统的；B. fashionable时尚的；C. dream梦想；D. future将来。由上文第5空后的the dream可知，John开始建造他的梦想之桥，实现建桥的梦想。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个工程开始得很好，但工地上
32、的一次事故夺去了John的生命。A. event事件；B. accident事故；C. thing事情；D. fight斗争。由后文，John失去生命和Washington受伤了可知，工地上发生了事故。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Washington受伤了，留下了一定程度的脑损伤。A. injured受伤的；B. dead死亡的；C. sad悲伤的；D. nervous紧张的。由后文的left with a certain amount of brain damage可知，Washington受伤了。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，Washingto
33、n并没有放弃，仍然希望完成这座桥。A. give out释放；B. take up拿起、占据；C. take in吸收；D. give up放弃。由后文的still wanted to complete the bridge可知，Washington并没有放弃建桥。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他突然想到一个主意。A. beat打败；B. happened发生；C. occurred发生；D. hit使突然想起。由后文语境可知，充分利用手指的功能发出指令去建桥这个想法，是突然想到的。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他所能做的就是移动一根手指，他决定充分
34、利用它。A. stick棍子；B. hand手；C. finger手指；D. eye眼睛。由前文的wasnt able to move or even talk和后文的“他用那根手指触碰妻子示意妻子再次打电话给工程师”可知，他用的是手指。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用那根手指触碰妻子的手臂，示意他想让妻子再次打电话给工程师。A. waved招手；B. felt感觉；C. touched触碰；D. held举起。由前文wasnt able to move or even talk、能动的只有一根手指和后文第16空后的touching her arm可知，他要交流只能用那根手
35、指触碰妻子的手臂。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用那根手指触碰妻子的手臂，示意他想让妻子再次打电话给工程师。A. pointing指着；B. indicating示意、暗示；C. arguing争辩；D. shouting大喊大叫。由前文wasnt able to move or even talk和能动的只有一根手指可知，他只能用手指示意妻子他想做的事情。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他用同样的方法触碰她的手臂，告诉工程师该怎么做。A. different不同的；B. other其它的；C. same同样的；D. usual通常的。由前文可知，Wa
36、shington只能用手指触碰妻子手臂才能传达想法，所以要想告诉工程师如何做，只能触碰妻子手臂传达想法，这是和之前同样的方法。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：13年来，Washington一直用手指在妻子的胳膊上敲出他的指令。A. plans计划；B. speeches演讲；C. methods方法；D. instructions指令。由上文“Washington只能用手指触碰妻子手臂告诉工程师该怎么做”可知，他只能用手指下（工作）指令。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到布鲁克林大桥最终完工。A. completed完成；B. appeared出现；C. de
37、corated装饰；D. rebuilt重建。由后文他实现了目标可知，大桥最终完工了，用completed。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这是永不放弃的最好例子之一，这种态度克服了可怕的身体残疾，且实现了一个不可能的目标。A. overcomes克服；B. acquires得到；C. fights斗争；D. removes去掉。由上文，Washington残疾了且用一根手指进行交流完成了建桥的梦想可知，他克服了糟糕的身体残疾。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许这是永不放弃的最好例子之一，这种态度克服了可怕的身体残疾，且实现了一个不可能的目标。A. awa
38、rd奖赏；B. fortune运气；C. status地位；D. goal目标。由前文可知，Washington在身体残疾仅有一根手指交流的情况下，建成了其他专家认为不可能建成的桥，表明他实现了一个不可能的目标。故选D项。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题要求判断建桥的这个想法怎么样。该题可依据这句的后部分told Roebling to forget the idea可知，其他建桥专家让他忘了建桥这个想法，说明建一座连接曼哈顿和布鲁克林之间的桥是不可能的，用impossible。故选B项。第二部分：
39、阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ACUYAHOGA COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARYBay Village Branch, 502 Cahoon Road, 440-871-6392.The Egyptian Pyramids, 7 pm Sept. 17. Join us as Don King, a long-time student of Egyptology, discusses the pyramids and presents the possible theories
40、of the construction, design and mysteries surrounding these ancient wonders. Join us as local villager, Tom Bell, discusses his book “My Dad Is a Freak: a Memoir”, 7 pm Sept. 27.Fairview Park Branch, 21255 Lorain Road, 440-333-4700 or cuyahogalibrary. org.Dress for Success, 7 pm Sept. 17. First impr
41、essions count. Some job recruiters (招聘人员) use appearance to determine self-esteem, respect, confidence and organizational skills. Learn how to dress to emphasize your strengths and improve your employ ability. Registration (注册) required.Music Study Groups, 1:15-2:45 pm Wednesdays, Sept. 19-Nov. 28.
42、Explore current con- cert music performed by The Cleveland Orchestra at Severance Hall through informal lectures and listening. Classes are designed for both new and experienced music lovers and are led by Dr Rose Breckenridge.Practical Herbs, 7 pm Oct. 3. Famous doctor Sarah Hurt will talk about gr
43、owing, drying and storing herbs (药草) and how to use them. Registration required.North Olmsted Branch, 27403 Lorain Road. 440-777-6211 or cuyahogalibrary. org.Job Club, 1:30-3 pm Tuesdays. Join Jim Hansen for helpful tips on job search strategies (策略) and interviewing. Anyone who is job hunting or lo
44、oking to change careers is welcome.Olmsted Falls Library, 7850 Main St., Olmsted Falls. 440-235-1150 or cuyahogalibrary. org.Family Story-time, 7-7:30 pm Wednesdays, through Nov. 27. Join us for rhymes, songs, finger-plays and a story or two. For children ages birth through age 8 with their caregive
45、rs.Huntington Practice SAT Test, 10 am to 1 pm Sept. 15 and 4-5 pm Sept. 26. Get ready for college by taking a practice SAT exam. Discuss strategies to improve your score, and get tips on preparing for the real exam. Registration required.36. There are many activities for you to choose on Sept. 17 E
46、XCEPT _.A. listening to a speech which is about musicB. discussing about ancient Egyptian pyramidsC. attending a program about how to prepare for examsD. learning about how to leave a good first impression on others37. If you want to study some medical knowledge, you can call _.A. 440-871-6392B. 440
47、-333-4700C. 440-777-6211D. 440-235-115038. If you want to learn how to educate your children, you should contact _.A. Bay Village BranchB. Fairview Park BranchC. North Olmsted BranchD. Olmsted Falls Library39. In order to help yourself find a new job soon, youd better go to _.A. Bay Village Branch a
48、nd Fairview Park BranchB. North Olmsted Branch and Olmsted Falls LibraryC. Fairview Park Branch and Olmsted Falls LibraryD. Fairview Park Branch and North Olmsted Branch40. It is learned from the passage that _.A. you can study music for more than one month in Fairview Park BranchB. you can get the
49、information about the four branches on the InternetC. you can choose to take part in all the mentioned events in the afternoonD. both Don King and Jim Hansen are college professors【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一家社区公共图书馆的四个分部所举办的相关活动的时间及内容。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Huntington Practice
50、SAT Test, 10:00 am to 1:00 pm. Sept. 15. Follow up, 4:00-5:00 pm Sept. 26. Get ready for college by taking a practice SAT exam.可知Huntington SAT考试练习，上午10点到下午1点；9月15日，随访；9月26日下午四点到五点，通过参加模拟SAT考试为上大学做准备。由此可知，学习应试技巧的时间是9月15日和26日。由此可知，C选项“参加一个关于如何准备考试的项目”不是9月17日能够参加的活动，故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二则广告第三段中Practic
51、al Herbs, 7:00 pm Oct. 3. Famous doctor Sarah Hurt will talk about growing, drying and storing herbs and how to use them.可知Practical Herbs，10月3日晚上7点。著名的医生Sarah Hurt将会告诉你如何种植、干燥和储存草药以及如何使用它们。由此可知，要学习医学知识需要拨打440-333-4700。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据从第四则广告的第一段Family Story-time, 7-7:30 pm Wednesdays, through Nov
52、. 27. Join us for rhymes, songs, finger-plays and a story or two. For children ages birth through age 8 with their caregivers.可知家庭故事时间，从11月27日到周三晚上7-7:30。参加我们的押韵，歌曲，手指游戏和一两个故事。适用于8岁以下出生的儿童及其护理人员。由此可知，要想了解教育孩子的事情，要和 Olmsted Falls library联系。故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。从第二则广告的第一段中Some job recruiters use appearanc
53、e to determine self-esteem, respect, confidence and organizational skills.可知一些招聘人员用外表来判断一个人的自尊、尊重、自信和组织能力。以及第三则广告中Join Jim Hansen for helpful tips on job search strategies and interviewing. Anyone who is job hunting or looking to change careers is welcome.可知加入到Jim Hansen的求职策略和面试中来。任何正在找工作或想转行的人都是受欢迎
54、的。由此可知，如果想找新工作，最好去 Fairview park branch和North Olmsted Branch。故选D。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二则广告第二段中Music Study Groups, 1:15-2:45 pm Wednesdays, Sept. 19-Nov. 28.可知音乐学习小组，9月19日至11月28日，星期三下午1:15-2:45。以及后文 Classes are designed for both new and experienced music lovers and are led by Dr Rose Breckenridge.可知课程是为新的
55、和有经验的音乐爱好者设计的，由Rose Breckenridge博士领导。由此可知，你可以在 Fairview park branch学习音乐超过一个月。故选A。BWhen John was growing up other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his chi
56、ldhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more
57、 productive lives than those who had not. Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家) who made the discovery. And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about
58、them.Vaillants study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to dea
59、l with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less li
60、kely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence the underpinning
61、s(基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isnt everything. As Tolstoy once said, One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to
62、love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.41. What do we know about John?A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He received little love from his family.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.42. Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as.A. a
63、description of personal values and social valuesB. an analysis of how work was related to competenceC. an example for parents expectations of their childrenD. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men43. Vaillants team obtained their findings by.A. recording the boys effort in schoolB. evalua
64、ting the mens mental healthC. comparing different sets of scoresD. measuring the mens problem solving ability44. What does the underlined word sharp probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to react.B. Having a thin edge.C. Clear and definite.D. Sudden and rapid.45. What can be inferred from the last p
65、aragraph?A. Competent adults know more about love than work.B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D. Independence is the key to ones success.【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过John的例子结合一个研究发现说明童年时期帮助做一些家务的孩子长大后会更快乐，更
66、成功。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.，可知，他的工作满意度更高，婚姻更美满，身体也更健康。所以John对他的事业和婚姻很满意。故选A。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的句子Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society可知，在家庭或社区工作的男孩获得足以过温饱生活的收
67、入，并开始觉得自己是有价值的社会成员。由此判断出第二段Vaillant的话是解释为什么一些男孩成长为快乐的人。故选D。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子The researchers compared the mens mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores，可知，Vaillant的团队获得他们的发现是通过对比不同的得分。故选C。【44题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段的Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have
68、 warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid.可知，那些在男孩时期参加过最多活动的人，与各种各样的人保持亲密关系的可能性是其他人的两倍，获得高薪的可能性是其他人的五倍。所以这些人在孩子的时候做的事情和他们成人后是怎样的人之间的关联是确定），所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，这里sharp的意思是明确的，一定的。故选C。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how
69、to work and how too love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones work，可知，如果一个人懂得如何工作，懂得如何去爱，懂得为所爱的人工作，懂得爱自己的工作，那么他就能在这个世界上活得很精彩。由此判断出情感健康对精彩的成年人的生活至关重要。故选B。CCNapoleon, as a character in TolstoysWar and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands. Nor does he “sit well o
70、r firmly on the horse. He is said to be “undersized. with“short legs and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys description-it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to u
71、nderstand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoys Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his noseand that is the point.It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it t
72、urns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three ofWar and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry：doesnt he have more army? He, not the Tsa
73、r, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.Still later, after
74、 reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russiansface,” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently.” To have ones ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French co
75、urt. “Well, well, why dont you say anything? said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.46. Tolstoys description of Napoleon in War and Peaceis _.A. far from the historical factsB. based on the R
76、ussian historyC. based on his selection of factsD. not related to historical details47. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because _.A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace termsB. the Tsars peace terms were hard to acceptC. the Russians stopped his military mo
77、vementD. he didnt have any more army to fight with48. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?A. To walk out of the room in anger.B. To show agreement with him.C. To say something about the Tsar.D. To express his admiration.49. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is _
78、.A. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guestsB. fond of showing off his iron willC. determined in destroying all of EuropeD. crazy for power and respect50. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?A. A writer doesnt have to be faithful to his findings.B. A writer may write about a hero in
79、his own way.C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.【答案】46. C 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了列夫.托尔斯泰笔下拿破仑的形象，告诉我们作家所写的内容可以与研究的内容不一致。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys description-it seems no
80、t that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：可知，这里的问题不在于托尔斯泰描述的准确性它似乎与历史记载相距不远，而在于他对事实的选择。托尔斯泰在战争与和平中对拿破仑的描写。基于他对事实的选择。故选C项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped.”可知，如果他的军队被阻止，他会摧毁整个欧洲。拿破仑在接见俄国代表时很生气，因为俄国人阻止了他的军事行动。故选C项。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段可知，俄罗斯使者带
81、着和平条约到来，使得拿破仑王者尊严受损，因此用餐时，拿破仑想借着“taking him by the ear pulled it gently”揪着他的耳朵轻轻拉。想给给使者一个下马威。由此判断出拿破仑希望使者向他表达钦佩。故选D项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is
82、very angry：doesnt he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts.”可知，事实证明，正如托尔斯泰所说，拿破仑是个疯子。拿破仑接见了沙皇d的使者，他提出了和平条件。拿破仑很生气：难道他没有更多的军队吗？他，而不是沙皇，是制定条款的人。如果他的军
83、队被阻止，他将毁灭整个欧洲。“这就是你让我参战的好处！”由此判断出，拿破仑是一个好强、对权力和尊严狂热的人。故选D项。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.”可知，托尔斯泰做了他的研究，但这篇文章是他自己写的。由此判断出作家所写的内容可以与研究的内容不一致。故选A项。DWhen Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job，she faced the daunting task of creating a music program
84、with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standardbased learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers.For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges，shes been named national teacher of the year.Principal Waynes Kettler said he h
85、ad worked with many outstanding teachers in his 22 years as an educator，but Peterson is “just that one step above anybody Ive ever worked with before”Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program
86、and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music.When students were reading SE.Hintons novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom，Peterson helped them write a 30minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race，equa
87、lity and social justice，the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs by herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book.The honor means a lot to residents of Granite FallsIts inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors.As national teacher o
88、f the year，Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom，as a national and international spokeswoman for education.Not surprisingly，she is a big believer in the value of arts education.She said its essential for schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education because for
89、some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day.51. The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means_.A discouragingB. interestingC. creativeD. unbearable52. What is the most important reason that Peterson won the award?A. S
90、he concerned herself with current social problems.B. She motivated students to learn music with her creativity.C. She has taught music at the elementary school for 22 years.D. She made great efforts to arouse students interest in literature.53. Which of the following is an example of Petersons way o
91、f teaching music?A. She wrote plays on themes of race，equality and social justice.B. She made use of the contents of other classes in her teaching.C. She organized classroom discussions of Broadway tunes.D. She helped students compose songs by themselves.54. In Petersons opinion，_.A. art，music and P
92、E classes are all importantB. more subjects should be offered to studentsC. students should be motivated to attend art classesD. arts education is more important than other subjects55. It can be inferred from the text that_.A. Petersons honor was a surprise for the local peopleB. Petersons art class
93、es attracted students back to schoolC. Peterson aroused the local residents passion for musicD. Peterson will change her profession next year【答案】51. A 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. A【解析】本文属于人物传记类文章。文章介绍了Andrea Peterson的生平及她对推动音乐教学的巨大贡献及克服困难的创造力。【51题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“.creating a music program with almost no mon
94、ey for equipment or supplies in a climate where standardbased learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers.”可知这个任务，没有钱买乐器，而且音乐课也不受重视，因此可知这个任务令人气馁，故选A。52题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges，shes been named national teacher of
95、the year.”可知她被授予国家年度教师的原因是她推动音乐教学和克服困难的创造力，故选B。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program.”可知Peterson老师可以利用其他科的内容来进行音乐教学，故选B。【54题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“She said its essential for
96、 schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education.”可以推断出她认为音乐课和体育课都是十分重要的，故选A。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Falls.Its inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors.”可知人们没有想到小镇上的人也可以得国家奖项，故选A。第卷第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达 (共 5 小题
97、；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, he was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing
98、 each day. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.Then came the momentthe time to share the days
99、 new learning.Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen. “Felice,” hed say, “tell me what you learned today.”“I learned that the population of Nepal is .” Silence.Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation (拯救) of the worl
100、d would depend upon it.“The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well.” hed say. “Get the map; lets see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a
101、 dozen such facts.As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one anothers education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming (肯定) our value, giving us a sense
102、of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all alongthe value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.56. Wha
103、t did the authors father think of his childrens education? (no more than 10 words)57. What does the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refer to? (no more than 2 words)58. What did the author and his papa talk about at dinner time? (no more than 15 words)59. What has served the author well
104、all his life? (no more than 8 words)60. What do you think of the authors father? (no more than 15 words)【答案】56. Papa would let all his children get an education. 57. The news. 58. The author talked with his papa about what he had learnt in a day. 59. The value of continual learning. 60. The authors
105、father was a good parent insistent on his childrens education.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了家境贫寒的父亲，人穷志不穷，因此很重视让孩子接受教育，并利用家庭这一平台让孩子学到很多东西，让他们终身受益。【56题详解】细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“So, he was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.”可知，所以，他下定决心，他的孩子们不会被剥夺受教育的权利，所以父亲会让他所有的孩子接受教育。故答案为Papa wou
106、ld let all his children get an education.【57题详解】指代猜测题。it语法用途之一，就是指代上文已提及过的事情。由第二段中的句子“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly.”可知，我们会谈论当天的新闻，不管多么微不足道，都不会对它掉以轻心，所以it在此指代的是上文中的the news。故答案为The news.【58题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的句子“tell me what you learned
107、today.”告诉我你今天学了什么、后面有关当日所学尼泊尔知识的探讨和倒数第三段中的句子“Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.”在我们清楚地了解了至少一半这样的事实之后，晚餐才结束。可知，晚餐时间作者和父亲会谈论当天所学知识。故答案为The author talked with his papa about what he had learnt in a day.【59题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“They were imparting (传授)
108、what Papa had known all alongthe value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.”可知，爸爸一直传授的the value of continual learning（持续学习的价值），这项技能使作者终生受益，所以是the value of continual learning。故答案为The value of continual learning.【60题详解】推理判断题。由由第一段最后一句“So, he was determined that none of
109、his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.”所以，他下定决心，他的孩子们不会被剥夺受教育的权利。和最后一段中的“They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all alongthe value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.”他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西不断学习的价值。他的技巧使我受益终生。由此判断出，作者的爸爸是一位坚持孩子教育的好家长。故答案为The authors father was
110、 a good parent insistent on his childrens education.【点睛】词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。做这种类型的技巧之一：要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义，即有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，上文或下文接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。如在第2小题中，猜测it的指代意义，由第二段中的句子“We would talk
111、 about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly.”可知，我们会谈论当天的新闻，不管多么微不足道，都不会对它掉以轻心，因为it指代上文已提及过的事情，所以it在此指代的是上文中的the news。故答案为“The news.”。第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分)61.假定你是李津，你的美国笔友Chris来信向你了解“中医”的有关情况。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。(1) “中医”有着悠久的历史，经过了数千年的实践和发展；(2) “中医”也是一门科学，它的优点正得到越来越广泛的
112、认可；(3) 你自己对“中医”的看法。注意：(1)词数不少于 100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：“中医” Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）Dear Chris,_Yours,Li Jin【答案】Dear Chris,Im glad to hear from you. As a Chinese, Im proud, knowing that youre interested in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Ill introduce it to you brief
113、ly.First of all, as an important part of Chinese culture, TCM has a long history, which has undergone thousands of years of practice and development. In addition, TCM is also a science, and its advantages are being more and more widely recognized by people. On my part, in contrast to western medicin
114、e, TCM is aimed at curing illness at source and helping people prevent from potential health problems. Moreover, people apply its unique diagnostic methods to medicine and gain remarkable effects, so I believe TCM will develop better. If you want to know more, you can write to me soon. Yours,Li Jin【
115、解析】分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信给美国笔友Chris，介绍有关“中医”的情况，要求表明“中医”的历史悠久、“中医”作为一门学科认可度愈来愈高和自己对“中医”的看法。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. “中医”有着悠久的历史，经过了数千年的实践和发展；2. “中医”也是一门科学，它的优点正得到越来越广泛的认可；3. 你自己对“中医”的看法。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）hear from；be interested in；Traditional Chi
116、nese Medicine；undergo；in contrast to；apply to ；diagnostic methods第三步：连词成句1. Im glad to hear from you.2. As a Chinese, Im proud, knowing that youre interested in Traditional Chinese Medicine.3. TCM has a long history, which has undergone thousands of years of practice and development.4. On my part, i
117、n contrast to western medicine, TCM is aimed at curing illness at source and helping people prevent from potential health problems.5. Moreover, people apply its unique diagnostic methods to medicine and gain remarkable effects.(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firs
118、tly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not onlybut (also), including, also3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one h
119、and,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing 7.表 陈 述 事 实：In fact, frankly speaking8.表选择：eitheror，or连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：
120、润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了非限制性定语从句，如TCM has a long history, which has undergone thousands of years of practice and development.这句话中用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如be interested in，in contrast to，apply to ，diagnostic methods等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接，如 First of all，In addition，Moreover等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。