1、吉林省四平市2014高考英语阅读理解巩固全程训练（13）及答案阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(二)】AIn the past decade the popularity of rock climbing has greatly increased，and so has the number of injuries.It has been estimated that rock climbing is now enjoyed by more than 9 million peop
2、le in the US each year.Study findings revealed a 65 percent increase in the number of patients that were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbingrelated injuries between 1991 and 2008.The study，published in the online issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine，found that about
3、 40,000 patients were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbingrelated injuries between 1991 and 2008.The most common types of rock climbingrelated injuries were fractures (骨折) and sprains (扭伤)The ankle was the most common body part to be injured (40 percent)Climbers in the study ranged
4、in age from 2 to 74，with an average age of 26.The study also found that women took up a quarter of the injuries.Falls were the primary reason for injury with over threequarters of the injuries occurring as the result of a fall.The severity of fallrelated injuries had a lot to do with the height of t
5、he fall.Patients who were injured after falling from a height over 20 feet were 10 times more likely to be treated than patients who were injured falling from 20 feet or lower.“We found that the climbers who fell from heights higher than 20 feet took up 70 percent of the patients treated for a rock
6、climbingrelated injury，” explained the study author Lara McKenzie，PhD，director at the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Hospital.“This trend，combined with the fact that rock climbers have a higher hospitalization rate than other sports and recreational injuries，demonstrates the nee
7、d to increase injury prevention efforts for climbers.”26Which body part is most likely to get injured for a climber?AThe arm. BThe ankle.CThe knee. DThe hand.27How many women climbers in America got injured while climbing a rock between 1991 and 2008?AAbout 40,000. BAbout 30,000.CAbout 20,000. DAbou
8、t 10,000.28The severity of climbersfallrelated injures is mainly related to _.Athe height of the fallBthe climbers ageCthe climbers health conditionsDthe climbers climbing experience29The underlined word “demonstrates” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “_”Ademands BpreventsCproves Ddescribes3
9、0The purpose of the passage is to _.Ashow that rock climbingrelated injuries have increasedBtell readers rock climbing is an adventurous sportCwarn readers of the danger of rock climbingDcall on doctors to increase injury prevention efforts26B细节理解题。根据第二段“The ankle was the most common body part to be
10、 injured (40 percent)”可知踝关节是最容易受伤的部位，因此答案是B。27D推理判断题。第二段首句说从1991到2008年间，美国大约有4万人因为爬山时受伤而接受治疗，本段最后一句又提到“women took up a quarter of the injuries”，可知答案是D。28A细节理解题。根据第三段“The severity of fallrelated injuries had a lot to do with the height of the fall.”可知摔下来的高度是决定受伤程度的主要因素，因此A项正确。29C词义猜测题。根据语境，爬山者住院率高于参加
11、其他体育和娱乐活动的人，这“证明”了爬山者要更加注意预防受伤。C项意思最合适。30A作者意图题。文章是一篇说明文，主要是告诉读者与爬山运动相关的伤害增加了，因此A项是最佳选项。科普知识型阅读理解(二)- (二)Europes deadly outbreak of a rare form of Ecoli(大肠杆菌) bacteria has brought new attention to food safety issues. Ecoli bacteria naturally live in the intestines(肠) of humans and many animals. Most
12、 kinds of Ecoli are harmless but some can make people sick.One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made them sick? Of course, one way to avoid such problems is to keep dangerou
13、s organisms out of the food supply. This_is_easier_said_than_done,_but scientists keep looking for new ways.Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner. The inspection system is fixed in the packing houses where produce is sorted for
14、 market. The system is designed to identify the produce polluted by soil or animal waste. The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.Scientists designed the system at a Department of Agriculture research centre in Beltsville, Maryland.
15、Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team.MOON KIM: “We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to test the polluted produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample.”The scanner uses a highspeed camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along.
16、As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit. A spectrograph device can use the light to check an apple to show evidence of damage. Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.MOON KIM: “We are targeting for development in commercial
17、 plants for the next several years.”The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventors hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface. 1. The pass
18、age mainly talks about _A. the danger of Ecoli bacteria to healthB. the way to avoid getting sick from foodC. a system to test the polluted produceD. the new attention to food safety issues2According to the passage, we know the new scanner _A. has already used in the supermarketB. is perfect to find
19、 out the polluted appleC. is still in test and need to improveD. can also damage the bacteria in the food3What can we learn from the passage? A. Most of the Ecoli is dangerous to the peoples health.B. The damage in the fruit might cause it difficult to sell out.C. Now the system can take the picture
20、s of each piece of fruit.D. The scanner is put on a moving belt while testing the produce.4. By saying “This is easier said than done” in Paragraph 2, the writer wants to _A. show the difficulty in finding the bad bacteria from the food supplyB. show the scientists hardship in finding a new way to h
21、eal the diseaseC. express his/her anger to the businessmen from selling the polluted foodD. express his/her worry about the dangerous issue in todays food safety5This passage can be classified as _A. an advertisement B. a book reviewC. a feature story D. a news report(二)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了美国科学家开发了一种使用高科技
22、光学扫描仪的实验系统。1C 主旨大意题。由本文的内容以及其主题句，即第三段第一句“Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种用来检测被污染的产品的实验系统，故选C项。2C 细节理解题。由倒数第三段“Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.”以及本文最后一句“The inventors hope
23、 to improve the process so it can show the whole surface.”可知这一扫描仪还在试验当中且需要改进，故选C项。3B 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.”可知水果损害之后更难吸引购物者，也就会导致其很难卖出。 4A 细节理解题。由画线词前一句“one way to avoid such problems is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food
24、 supply.”可知，要从食物的来源里找到有害的病菌是有困难的。5D 推理判断题。由文章中把MOON KIM说话的内容直接引入的形式来看，本文应该是一篇新闻报道。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(二)】BDid you ever look up at the moon and think you saw a mans face there？When the moon is round and full，the shadows of the moon mountains and the lines of the moon valleys sometimes seem to show a gia
25、nt nose and mouth and eyes.At least，some people think so.If there were a man on the mooninstead of mountains and valleys that just look like the face of a manwhat would he be like?He would not be like anyone you know.He would not be like anyone anybody knows.If the man on the moon were bothered by t
26、oo much heat or cold the way Earth people are，he could not stay on the moon.The moon becomes very，very hot.It becomes as hot as boiling water.And the moon becomes very，very cold.It becomes colder than ice.Whatever part of the moon the sun shines on is hot and bright.The rest of the moon is cold and
27、dark.If the man on the moon had to breathe to stay alive，he couldnt live on the moon because theres no air there.(Hed have to carry an oxygen tank，as astronauts do.)Theres no food on the moon，either.Nothing growsnot even weeds.If the man on the moon liked to climb mountains，he would be very happy.Th
28、ere are many high places there，such as the raised land around the holes，or craters，of the moon.Some of these rims are as tall as Earths highest mountains.But if the man on the moon liked to swim，he would be unhappy.There is no water on the moonjust dust and rock.When you think of what its like on th
29、e moon，you may wonder why it interests our scientists.One reason is that the moon is Earths nearest neighborit is the easiest place in space to get to.Going back and forth between the moon and Earth，astronauts will get a lot of practice in space travel.Things learned on moon trips will be of great h
30、elp to astronauts who later take long，long trips to some of the planets.Scientists are also interested in the moon because it has no air.The air that surrounds Earth cuts down the view of the scientists who look at the stars through telescopes.A telescope on the moon would give them a clearer，closer
31、 view of the stars.31Which of the following is the best title of the passage?AThe MoonBThe Man on the MoonCResearch on the MoonDWhat Is It Like on the Moon?32What is the reason why our scientists are interested in the moon?AThe moon is beautiful.BThe moon is different from the Earth.CThe moon is Ear
32、ths nearest neighborit is the easiest place in space to get to.DThe moon is the easiest place in space to get to and it has no air，unlike Earth.33Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AThe climate on the moon is quite different from that on the Earth.BTraveling betwe
33、en the moon and Earth will do much good to astronauts.CThere is some food and weeds on the moon，even though theres no air.DIf you want to drink hot water on the moon，its not so hard to boil water.34The underlined word “rims” in Paragraph 8 means _.Aball BhillCround edge Dheight35What is the main ide
34、a of the passage?AWe can learn much from research on the moon.BThere may be human beings on the moon.CIf there were a man on the moon，there would be many similarities between the man on the moon and on the Earth.DA telescope on the moon would help scientists have a clearer，closer sight of the stars.
35、31B由全文内容可知B项为最佳选项。32D根据文章倒数第三段最后一句“One reason is that the moon is Earths nearest neighborit is the easiest place in space to get to.”以及最后一段的首句可知只有D项是最全面的选项。33C根据第七段最后一句可知C项是错误的。34C根据上下文可以推出rims是“圆形的边缘”。35A通读全文可知本文是讲“通过对月球的研究，我们可以了解到很多知识”。阅读理解AWomen, be on your guard. There is a new male excuse for n
36、ot listening to us.A recent study shows that men find it almost impossible to listen to what women say because their brains are out of synch（不同步的）with complex female tones. Apparently, when men listen to other men about the things they care about, they use only the frontal area of their brains. Howe
37、ver, when they listen to women its different story. They have to work much harder, employing a part of the brain that normally deals with music. So when a man tells you your voice is music to his ears, hes actually telling the truth, though not in a good way. Im sure a lot of women could recall time
38、s when they have wasted hours explaining why they are completely right about everything in the world, only to wake up the next day to discover that not one brilliant point got through. Those times when men havent listened to me, I just thought I was being ignored. I didnt realize I just wasnt singin
39、g their favorite music. If Id realized I was being heard as music, I would have had a bit of fun with it. Whenever I wanted a discussion, Id have brought along my own band, complete with string and horn sections. It is difficult not to be suspicious of yet more scientific findings sparing men the bl
40、ame because of their biology. Isnt this slaves to biology all-purpose excuse wearing thin? Its enough to make you wonder at what a strange helpless species men are -which part of the body will be beyond their control next. Even if there is something in it, we have to take into account that most rela
41、tionships are likely to become boring. Thats the truth of the matter. Male or female, your voice might start out as music to your beloveds ears. But finally it will end up as boredom. When your beautiful tones are there all the time, as they go about their daily business, you start to blend in a bit
42、 too much, until finally you become a kind of background noise. 1The author of this passage tries to _. A. throw doubts on a commonly accepted idea B. explain a commonly accepted idea as it is C. give some advice on a common problem D. argue against a common belief 答案解析：答案为B。本题考查文章的写作目的。本文第二段就揭示了为什么
43、男性听不进去女性的话的原因，文章后面的内容对此进行了阐述。故答案为B。2According to the new study, men dont listen to women because _ . A. what women say are usually boring B. they dont care about what women say C. they cant deal with female voices D. they regard female voices as music 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第三段的内容可知，男性在听同性的话语的时候只是用了大脑的前面
44、区域；然而听女性的话语的时候，却更费力，因为要使用通常用来听音乐的那部分的大脑区域。故可推断，男性不听女性的话是因为他们大脑不能非常容易地处理女性的声音。故答案为C。干扰性最强的D选项 “他们把女性的声音当成音乐” 与文意不符。故错误。3The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph shows that the author is _. A. realistic B. humorous C. serious D. funny 答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意推断题。结合第五段的内容，作者以女性的口吻谈到如果她早意识到她是因为 “音乐”而被男人倾听，
45、她会为此而感到些许开怀。无论何时，如果她想要一场“讨论”，就会带上自己的乐队，弦号俱全。故可以推断，划线部分的语言显得幽默。4What does the author think of the finding of the new study? A. She thinks it doubtful. B. She thinks it interesting. C. She thinks it needs further proof. D. She thinks it right. 答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推断题。由倒数第三段首句 “It is difficult not to be sus
46、picious of ” 可知，本句话的同义词就是doubtful.故答案为A。5The author would most probably agree that _. A. men should accept what women say B. women should talk less and do more housework C. however beautiful voices may be, they will finally become boring D. the relationship between men and women should always be imp
47、roving 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。从最后一段 “When your beautiful tones are there all the time, as they go about their daily business, you start to blend in a bit too much, until finally you become a kind of background noise.” 可知，当你美妙的旋律每天都出现在男人日常生活中的时候，最后也会变成背景噪音。故答案为C. A、B未提及；倒数第二段首句提到了 “ most relationships are likely to become boring.” D选项与此不符，故错误。