1、课下天天练(三十六)50分阅读提分练姓名_班级_考号_时间：40分钟阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2022大连高三测试VolunteerOpportunitiesVolunteersareavitalpartofourmissionofprovidinghighqualityenvironmentaleducationalprogrammesforthelocalyouth, HudsonRiverresearch, andcommunityevents.Wearecurrent
2、lyseekingvolunteersforthefollowingpositions：EducationAssistantAssisteducationstaffwitheverydayschoolwork, afterschoolenvironmentalclubsandcommunitygroupvisitseveryWednesdayafternoon.Marsh (沼泽) AssistantHelpmaintainriverfrontmarshonThursdaysandSaturdays.Workonoccasionalmarshrepairsincludingtheremoval
3、offoreignspeciesofplantsandthecleanupofrubbish. (Seasonal)ResearchAssistantParticipateinwaterqualitymonitoring, thesealifestudy, andotherprojectsastheyaredeveloped.Eighthourseachweekonworkdays.Aquaria (水族馆) AssistantProvidecareforthecenterscollectionofaquaticwildlifeincludingtankmaintenanceandanimal
4、feedingattheweekend.Volunteerpositionsareavailablethroughouttheyear! Previousexperienceisnotrequired.Trainingwillbeprovideduponthestartofvolunteerservice.Formoreinformationaboutourvolunteerprogramsaswellassingledayvolunteerevents, call (914) 3771900orvisitwww.centerfortheurbanriver.org.1WhatdoestheE
5、ducationAssistantneedtodo?AHelpwithschoolroutine.BGivelecturesafterschool.CCoachstudentsinsportsclubs.DVisitpoorstudentscommunities.2Ifyouarebusyonweekdays, whichvolunteerpositionisprobablysuitableforyou?AEducationAssistant.BMarshAssistant.CResearchAssistant.DAquariaAssistant.3Whatsrequiredtobeoneof
6、thevolunteers?AWorkingexperience.BAcademictraining.CConcernfortheenvironment.DAroundtheclockavailability.B2022河北高三六校联考Notlongago, LindaKhanwassittingbyahospitalbedinHouston, feelingillatease.Besideherlayherfatherwhoneededheartsurgery.Thetwoofthemhadengagedinnothingbutdepressingsmalltalk.Then, hereye
7、sfellonapileofbooks.Shepickedupone, andstartedtoreaditoutloud.“Rightawayitchangedthemoodandatmosphere，”shesays.Readinggavethedaughterawaytoconnectwithherfather.Listeningallowedthefathertotravelonthesoundofhisdaughtersvoiceintoaplacewherehefelthimselfagain.“Fromthenon，”Khansays, “Ialwaysreadtohim.”In
8、a2010surveyintheUnitedKingdom, elderlyadultswhojoinedweeklyreadaloudgroupsreportedbetterconcentration, lessanxiety, andanimprovedabilitytosocialize.Thesurveyauthorsowedtheseimprovementsinlargeparttothe“rich, varieddietofseriousliterature”thatgroupmembersconsumed, withfictionencouragingfeelingsofrela
9、xationandcalm, poetryfosteringfocusedconcentration, andnarrativesgivingrisetocognitive (认知的) thoughts, feelings, andmemories.Intruth, almostanykindofreadingtoanotherpersoncanbebeneficial.Readersgetrewardstoo.ForNeilBush, thelatelifehospitalizationofhisfamousparents, GeorgeHW.andBarbaraBush, becameop
10、portunitiestorepayadebtofgratitude.“WhenIwasakid, theywouldreadtome，”hesaid.Withhisparentsinandoutofcare, “WevebeenreadingbooksaboutDadsforeignpolicyand, morerecently, Momsautobiography.”Bushwenton, hisvoicethickwithemotion, “Andtoreadtheiramazinglifetothemhasbeenaremarkableblessingtome, personally,
11、 astheirson.”Tomanypeople, readingtoparentsmayseemsofaroutsidethenormalrangeofregularactivities, anditmayevenfeeloddandimproper.However, therearestillmanypeoplewhobravethemomentarystrangenessofreadingtoelderlyadultsandbothreadersandlistenersare, toborrowaphrasefromWordsworth, surprisedbythejoyofit.4
12、WhatdidreadingoffertoLindaandherfather?AAwaytoestablishabond.BAwaytotraveltogetherinreality.CAwaytotreatthedisease.DAwaytoengageinlearning.5WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?AImprovementsinmentalhealth.BBenefitsofreadingtoothers.CChangesinthecognitiveprocess.DDevelopmentofsocialskills.6WhatdoesNeilBushsex
13、perienceprove?AReadingbenefitsmorethanthelistener.BParentsshouldreadmoretotheirkids.CChildrenshouldshowtheirgratitude.DReadingtoparentsischildrensduty.7Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutreadingtoanelderlyadult?AImproperandodd.BAbnormalbutworthy.CRewardingandjoyful.DInterestingbutunnecessary.C2022青岛高中质量检测Nobo
14、dywantstosnackonplasticbagsorsodarings, butaccordingtoarecentstudyfromtheUniversityofNewcastle, wecouldbeconsumingroughlyacreditcardsworthofplasticeveryweek.Microplastics, whicharelessthanaquarterinchsizeandcomeinvariousshapes, havepollutedthenaturalworldandinfiltrated (渗入) ourbodies.Thefirstcluetom
15、icroplasticexposureinhumanscamearound2013, whenscientistsdiscoveredplasticparticlesinseafoodpreparedforconsumption.Butin2019, whentheUniversityofNewcastlestudywaspublished, thescientificcommunityunderstoodthattheproblemwasconsiderablybroader.Microplasticsshedoffclothesandtiresandhavebeenfoundinbeer,
16、 honey, tablesaltandotherfooditems.Webreatheinplasticstayingintheairanddrinkplasticfloatinginourdrinks.Itsnostretchtoconcludethatourexposureissignificant.Whatwedontknowiswhatthismeansforus.Theamountofevidencecollectedonthis_subjectisgrowingrapidly, accordingtoScottCoffin, atoxicologist (毒理学家).Studie
17、sdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodiescanseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.Becausemicroplasticsaretoosmalltocleanup, theonlysolutionistostopplasticwasteatthesource.Anddoingsowouldtakeathoroughadjustment, giventhatplasticisdeeplyembeddedinoureconomyandlifestyle.Stoppingusingthemwouldfund
18、amentallyaffectcountlessindustries, includingtextiles (纺织业), transportationandmanufacturing.“Ithinkweneedtohavemorestudiescomingoutthataredirectlyrelatedtohumanhealthbeforeweseealotmoreconcernfromthegeneralpublic，”Scottsaid.“Ittakesalottoconvincepeoplethatsomethingthatisreallyconvenientforthemtousei
19、ssomethingtheyshouldsacrifice.”Thequestionofmicroplasticsandhumanhealthneedsmoreattentionfromthescientificcommunity, thegeneralpublic, thegovernmentandfundinggroups.Theissueisntbeingignored, butitsnotbeingprioritizedeither.8Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellusaboutmicroplastics?ATheirwideusageinda
20、ilylife.BTheirharmtohumanhealth.CTheirsignificantexposureinhumans.DThenewstudyconductedonthem.9Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thissubject”referto?AThewaythatmicroplasticsexist.BThepollutioncausedbymicroplastics.CTherelationshipbetweenmicroplasticsandhumanhealth.DThereasonfortheexistenceofmicroplastics.10
21、HowtosolvetheproblemaccordingtoScott?ATocutdownplasticproduction.BTocarryoutmorestudiesonmiceandrats.CToinventsomethingmoreconvenientthanplastic.DTopromotepeoplesawarenessontheharmbroughtbymicroplastic.11Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?AIsmicroplasticpollutionharmfultoourhealth?BWhy
22、ismicroplasticpollutioneverywhere?CWhyisplasticharmful?DWhatdoyouknowaboutmicroplastics?D2022南昌市模拟Theteam, ledbyMichaelTTolley, aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringattheJacobsSchoolofEngineeringatUCSanDiego, detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17, 2021issueofthejournalScienceRobotics.“Thisworkrepresentsafundame
23、ntalyetsignificantsteptowardsfullyautonomous, electronicsfreewalkingrobots，”saidDylanDrotman, aPhDstudentinTolleysresearchgroupandthepapersfirstauthor.Applicationsincludelowcostrobotsforentertainment, suchastoys, androbotsthatcanoperateinenvironmentswhereelectronicscannotfunction, suchasMRImachines.
24、Softrobotsareofparticularinterestbecausetheyeasilyadapttotheirenvironmentandoperatesafelynearhumans.Mostsoftrobotsarepoweredbyairandarecontrolledbyelectroniccircuits.Butthisapproachrequirescomplexcomponentslikecircuitboards, valves (阀门) andpumpsoftenoutsidetherobotsbody.TheseComponents, whichmakeupt
25、herobotsbrainandnervoussystem, aretypicallylargeandexpensive.Bycontrast, theUCSanDiegorobotiscontrolledbyalightweight, lowcostsystemofairpoweredcircuits, madeupoftubesandsoftvalves, onboardtherobotitself.Therobotcanwalkoncommandorinresponsetosignalsitsensesfromtheenvironment.“Withourapproach, youcou
26、ldmakeaverycomplexroboticBrain，”saidTolley, thestudysseniorauthor.“Ourfocusherewastomakethesimplestairpowerednervoussystemneededtocontrolwalking.”Inthefuture, researcherswanttoimprovetherobotswaystowalksoitcanwalkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces.Thiswouldallowtherobottonavigateoveravarietyofobstacle
27、s (障碍).Thiswouldrequireamorecomplicatednetworkofsensorsandasaresultamorecomplexairpoweredsystem.Theteamwillalsolookathowthetechnologycouldbeusedtocreaterobots, whichareinpartcontrolledbyairpoweredcircuitsforsomefunctions, suchaswalking.12Whatistheachievementoftheteamsstudy?ATheirrobotscanwalkahugest
28、ep.BTheirrobotsworkfollowingcommands.CTheirstudygetstheirelectronicsforfree.DTheyfindanewtechniqueinwalkingrobots.13Whatcantheteamsrobotsbeappliedtofromthepassage?AToycompaniesproducts.BEnvironmentalprotection.CHumansafety.DFactorieswithoutworkers.14Whatwilltheresearchersprobablydo?AChangethewayofpo
29、wer.B.Helprobotswalkashumans.CImproverobotstoavoidobstacles.D.Buildanetworktocontrolrobots.15Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?ATheintroductiontoelectronicsfreewalkingrobots.BThefunctionsofnewlydevelopedrobots.CTheapplicationsofsoftwalkingrobots.DThewaystoimprovetraditionalrobots.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满
30、分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2022山西名校测评Willyouraiseyourhandstospeakactively, ordoyoujustremainaquietlistenerinclass? Itsnotunusualforteenstoavoidansweringquestionsinfrontofothersbecausetheyaretooshyortooafraidofbeingmistaken.Sometimes, however, alackofselfconfidencecanarisefromfe
31、elingsofinsecurity. 1.Butrememberitsanormalfeelingthatyoucanandshouldchange!2.Ifyouhaveafearthatpeoplewillseeyourshortcomings, youwillfinditdifficulttoassertyourself.Inbuildingselfconfidence, yourfirstgoalistodeveloparealisticunderstandingofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Youllhavetotakeatoughfirststepan
32、dlookinsideyourself.Celebrateyourstrengths.Itsnotsufficienttoidentifyyourweaknessesoryourproblemareas. 3.Youcangetdowntodoingthisbymakingabiglistofthingsyouhaveaccomplishedandthethingsyoudowell.Haveyoueversparedthetimetoexploreyourstrengths? Youwerebornwithsomenaturaltalent, whetheryouhavediscovered
33、itornot.Areyouartistic? Canyouorganizethings? Doyounavigatewell? Ifyoucandoanyofthemwell, youhavetraitstocherish!Changeyourbehaviour.4，whichwillhelpyoufightofffeelingsofnegativity.Exerciseandgetenoughsleep.Complimentothersontheirstrengthsandyouwillfindthatotherpeoplewillreturnthefavourandcomplimenty
34、ougive.Allthesebehaviouraltraitsimproveourmoods.Useathirdpersonapproach.Thereisaninterestingstudythatshowsthattheremaybeatricktomeetourbehaviouralgoalsmorequickly.Thetrick? 5，orwhenyougothroughtheprocessofenhancingyourselfimageandbuildingupyourselfconfidence.AYoualsohavegreataspectsaboutyourselfthat
35、youaresupposedtoexploreBSometimeswehaveawfulfeelingsaboutourselvesandweoftenburythemdeepinsideCUnderstandthecauseforyourlackofselfconfidenceDThinkofyourselfassomeoneelseasyouevaluateyourprogressEButitishealthytorootoutsomethinghiddendeepinsideandworkthroughitFNeverlosefaithinyourownstrengthsandpoten
36、tialGYoucanincreaseselfconfidencebyadjustingyourself, suchassmilingmore课下天天练(三十六)50分阅读提分练第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会广告志愿者招募广告【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个志愿者工作教育助理、沼泽助理、研究助理和水族馆助理。1答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据EducationAssistant部分中的“Assisteducationstaffwitheverydayschoolwork”可知，教育助理需要协助教职工做好学校的日常工作，故A项正确。2答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据
37、Aquaria (水族馆) Assistant部分中的“Providecarefor.attheweekend”可知，水族馆助理需要在周末上班，故适合工作日较忙的人，所以D项正确。3答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Volunteersareavitalpartofourmissionofprovidinghighqualityenvironmentaleducationalprogrammes”可知，志愿者需要关爱环境，故C项正确。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会人际关系为年迈的父母读书【语篇解读】Linda的父亲即将进行心脏病手术，可是她和父亲的交流很令人沮丧。之后
38、她开始为父亲读书，这改变了氛围，缓和了父女俩的关系。其实，给年迈的父母读书会给双方都带来乐趣。4答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Readinggave.connectwithherfather”可知，阅读成了Linda和她的父亲之间建立亲密关系的一种方式，故A项正确。5答案与解析：B考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。通读第二段可知，该段第一句为主旨句，再结合该段尾句“Intruth, almostanykindofreading.canbebeneficial”可知，该段主要陈述了给其他人阅读的好处，故B项正确。6答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第三段第一句可知，给他人阅读的
39、一方也会有所收获；根据第三段尾句可知，能够给父母读他们的人生经历对他来说也是一件幸事。据此可以判断，不仅仅是倾听者，读的一方也能从阅读中获益。故A项正确。7答案与解析：C考查理解观点、态度的能力。根据第三段第一句“Readersgetrewardstoo”可知，读的一方在阅读时会得到回报；再根据尾段尾句中的“thejoyofit”可知，为年迈的人阅读会令人愉快，故C项正确。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会研究发现微塑料威胁人类健康【语篇解读】没有人想以塑料为食，但微塑料塑料的微小颗粒因其体积小、形式多样，已经深深地渗入到我们生活中的各个方面。研究表明，微塑料会破坏细胞、造成压力。对待微塑料
40、问题，应从源头做彻底的调整，不能完全禁止。与此同时，还要提高公众健康意识，牺牲微塑料给人类生活带来的便利性。8答案与解析：C考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段内容尤其是“Thefirstcluetomicroplasticexposure”可知，微塑料已经渗入到我们的体内，例如：海产品、啤酒、蜂蜜、食盐、呼吸的空气、饮料等。故第二段主要告知我们人类接触微塑料的情况很显著。故C项正确。9答案与解析：C考查理解词汇的能力。前两段讲述微塑料已经渗入到我们的体内，存在形式多样，在人类生活中几乎无处不在，再结合全文讲微塑料和健康的关系可推知，画线词所在句应是，关于微塑料和人类健康的关系的证据越来越多
41、。故C项正确。10答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段尾句可知，Scott认为，人们应该牺牲因便利而使用的塑料，但要让人们相信这一点，需要做很多工作。即要解决这个问题，需要提高人们关于微塑料带给人们的伤害的意识。故D项正确。11答案与解析：A考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。本文主要讲述微塑料已经渗入到我们生活中的各个方面，危害着我们的健康。故可用“微塑料污染危害我们的健康吗？”作本文的标题。故A项正确。【方法指导】本题可采用排除法和倒推法选出答案。B项“为什么微塑料污染无处不在？”；C项“为什么塑料有害？”；本文主要讲的不是原因，故排除B和C。若D项“关于微塑料你了解什么？”正确，那么
42、，文中极有可能涉及微塑料的优点，毕竟万物皆有两面性，但本文无任何介绍其优点的信息，故D项不选。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科学与技术行走机器人新技术及其应用【语篇解读】加州大学圣地亚哥分校研发的机器人由一个重量轻、成本低的空气动力电路系统控制，可应用在多种操作环境中，如玩具、核磁共振成像机器等。本文重点介绍了有关该机器人的研究发现的内容。12答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17, 2021issue”和第二段中的“Thisworkrepresentsafundamental.electronicsfreewal
43、kingrobots”可知，研究小组发现了行走机器人的新技术，该技术代表了行走机器人迈向全自动、无电子行走的重要一步。故D项正确。13答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第一句中的“Applicationsincludelowcostrobotsforentertainment, suchastoys”可知，该技术可以用于低成本的娱乐机器人，如玩具等。据此可知，该技术可以用于玩具公司的产品，故A项正确。14答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据尾段前两句“Inthefuture.walkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces.obstacles(障碍)”可知，
44、研究人员希望将来改进机器人的行走方式，以使其能够在自然场地和凹凸不平的表面上行走，这会让机器人翻越障碍物。据此可以推知，未来研究人员将改进机器人以避免撞到障碍物。故C项正确。15答案与解析：A考查理解主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，文章第二段阐述了全文的主旨。结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了行走机器人的新技术及其应用，故A项正确。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我完善自我增强自信心【语篇解读】对青少年来说，在别人面前避免回答问题并不罕见，因为他们太害羞或太害怕出错。有些时候，缺乏自信可能源于没有安全感。本文介绍了从自身做起，做出一些改变，从而增强自信的方法。1答案与解析：B考查上下文衔接。
45、空后一句指出这是一种你能够且应该改变的正常情绪，结合语境可知，此处应说明缺乏自信心可能对你产生的影响，故B项符合语境。2答案与解析：C考查段落小标题。本段第一句提到如果你担心人们会看到你的缺点，你会发现很难坚定地表达自己的意见，本段后两句介绍了针对这种情况建立自信的第一步审视自我。由此可知，本段与理解缺乏自信的原因有关，故C项符合语境。3答案与解析：A考查上下文衔接。根据本段的小标题可知，此段主旨是为你的优点喝彩。根据空前内容“认识到你的缺点或是问题所在还不够”和空后叙述的探索你自己的优点可知，A项符合语境。4答案与解析：G考查上下文衔接。本段主要列举了改变自身行为的一些做法。而G项内容“你可以通过调整自己例如多微笑等来增强自信”，与下文中的“锻炼并获得足够睡眠”以及“赞赏别人的优点”都属于具体的做法，故G项符合语境。5答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。结合本段的小标题可知本段主要讲了用第三者的角度来看待问题。D项中的“someoneelse”与本段小标题中的“athirdperson”相呼应，故D项符合语境。
