1、天津市北辰区2020届高三英语模拟考试（三模）试题（含解析）本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟，第卷1页至10页，第卷11页至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第卷注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分
2、15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there youll be able to see it better.A. or B. and C. but D. while答案是 B。1.You mustnt tell _ about the matter. Its a secret between you and me.OK. I promise you.A. anyone elseB. no one elseC. nobody elseD. someone else.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：-这件事你禁止告诉
3、任何人。这是你我之间的秘密。-好，我答应你。else用作形容词常做后置定语，即放在疑问代词who,what,which等后面，或者放在something,anything,nothing,anyone,everyone等复合不定代词的后面。根据题意可知，该句为否定句，故选择anyone else译为“任何人”。故选A项。2.A search group was organized to look for the university students _ in the mountain.A. trappingB. having trappedC. to trappedD. trapped【答案
4、】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个调查队被组织起来去寻找困在大山里的大学生。be trapped in意为“陷入”，trap和students构成被动关系，且是已完成的动作，所以用过去分词形式作定语，故选D。3.African Americans _ about 13% of the population of the United States.A. account forB. get acrossC. engage inD. contribute to【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语的词义辨析。句意：非裔美国人约占美国人口的13%。A. account for （比例）占
5、；B. get across通过；C. engage in从事于；D. contribute to有助于。根据“about 13% of the population of”约占人口的13%，可知，此处表示非裔美国人占美国人口的比例。故选A项。【点睛】本题考查动词短语的词义辨析，要求学生掌握大纲内每个短语的意义及用法。在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思，才能明确的判断出用来形容某人或者某事物的词语。当然明确辨析出各个短语的含义也是很重要的。4.The rich man often provides the local poor people with free food and mo
6、ney, so they are very thankful for his _.A. adventureB. generosityC. passionD. personally【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个富人经常给当地的穷人免费提供食物和钱，所以他们非常感谢他的慷慨。A. adventure冒险；B. generosity慷慨，大方；C. passion激情，热情D. personally亲自地，当面。根据The rich man often provides the local poor people with free food and money可知此处表示感
7、谢富人的慷慨行为。故选B项。5.The law requires that everyone should be equal _ race, religion or sex.A. in search forB. in support ofC. on behalf ofD. regardless of【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：不管你属于哪一人种，信仰哪种宗教，是哪种性别的人，法律面前人人平等。A. in search for寻找，寻求；B. in support of支持，拥护；C. on behalf of 代表；D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意，法
8、律面前人人平等，是不管人种、宗教、性别这些因素的，不会区别对待，故选D。6._ in the traffic jam, I usually set out at 7:00 in the morning from home by car.A. To avoid to be caughtB. To avoid being caught.C. Avoiding being caughtD. Avoiding to be caught【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家出发。分析句子结构可知此处应用不定式短语在句中充当目的状语，固定短语avoid
9、 doing sth.“避免做某事”，主语I与catch构成被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动语态。故选B。7._, we had planned a tour of England but we didnt go in the end.A. SlightlyB. OriginallyC. incrediblyD. Conveniently【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查副词的词义辨析。句意：起初，我们计划去英国旅行，但最后没有去。A. Slightly轻微地；B. Originally起初；C. incredibly难以置信地；D. Conveniently便利地。根据“in the end”以及
10、表转折的连接词“but”可知，最初计划去旅行，但是最终没有去。故选B项。【点睛】本题考查副词词义辨析，需要考生认识所给的四个副词，之后才能结合句意选出正确答案。四个词的意思是“轻微地”、“起初”、“难以置信地”和“便利地”，根据“in the end”以及表转折的连接词“but”，可以判断空白处指的是“起初”。故选B项。8.As students, we must _ on our studies and work hard instead of fooling around.A investigateB. memoriesC. approachD. concentrate【答案】D【解析】【
11、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为学生，我们必须集中精力于学习和努力学习，而不是游手好闲。A.investigate调查； B.memories记忆； C.approach接近； D.concentrate集中。根据instead of fooling around可知此处表示集中精力于学习和努力学习，固定短语concentrate on集中精力于，全神贯注于，专注于。故选D项。9.The people in the mountain village treated us like old friends _ we were strangers to them.A. so thatB. as
12、ifC. even thoughD. as long as【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查从属连词。句意：即使我们对于他们来说是陌生人，山村里的人们还是像老朋友一样对待我们。A. so that以便，为了；B. as if好像；C. even though即使；D. as long as只要。根据句意，前一句说“村民们像老朋友一样对待我们”，后一句说“我们是陌生人”，两个句子之间应该是让步关系，因此用even though引导让步状语从句。so that引导目的状语从句/结果状语从句；as if引导方式状语从句；as long as引导条件状语从句。故选C项。10.The reason why
13、I have come here for the job is that I just want to make practical use of _ I have learned in class.A. whichB. howC. whatD. whether【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句（宾语从句）。句意：我之所以来这里应聘这份工作，是因为我就是要让课上所学派上实际用场。A. which哪一个；B. how怎样，如何；C. what什么，的东西，的事物；D. whether是否。分析句子结构，介词of后接名词或名词性从句，此处为名词性从句，要求补全引导词。从句缺少宾语，指物，结合
14、句意，此处指的是“所学的东西”，只有what符合语境，故选C。11.You seem to be familiar with the town. -Yes, I _ here for 4 years. Its great to be back againA. studiedB. have studiedC. am studyingD. had studied【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你似乎对这个城市很熟悉。是的，我在这里学习了4年。很高兴再次回来。根据“Its great to be back again”可知，在这里学习4年，现在故地重游，陈述的过去的客观事实，所以用一般过去
15、时。故选A。12.Look, some boys are doing hip pop._! The performance is great.A. CoolB. Not at allC. AbsolutelyD. Definitely【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：看，有些男孩在玩嘻哈。很酷！表演很精彩。A. Cool酷的，出色的；B. Not at all一点也不，根本不；C. Absolutely完全第，当然是，绝对是；D. Definitely清楚地，肯定地，明确地。根据The performance is great.可知此处表示男孩玩嘻哈是很酷的。故选A项。13.I w
16、onder whether Helen will be here by five.Her mother said she left home at half past four. She _ be here at ten past five.A. dareB. shouldC. shallD. need【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我不知道海伦五点以前会不会到这儿。她妈妈说她四点半离开家。她应该在5点10分到这里。A. dare敢；敢于；B. should应该；C. shall可以；将；D. need需要。根据前文“Her mother said she left home
17、 at half past four.”可知，她妈妈说她四点半离开家，因此说话人推测出“她按道理/应该会在五点10分到达”这种可能性。选项B“should”可表示可能性，常译为“按道理说或应该”含义。故选B项。14.Covid-19, the most deadly virus in recent years, began to attack people at the beginning of this year, from _ effect people are still suffering.A. thatB. thoseC. whoseD. what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从
18、句。句意：新型冠状病毒，近年来最致命的病毒，开始在今年初攻击人类，人们仍在遭受新冠病毒之苦。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Covid-19，指物，关系词在从句中作定语，应使用whose。故选C项。15.Ive been promoted to the director of HR and Im wondering whether I can ask for a big pay rise ._. After all, the economy is struggling these days.A. You can make it.B. Good for you
19、C. Youve gone too farD. Its up to you【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：我已经升任为人事主管，我在想我是否可以要求一次大幅度的提薪。你太过分啦。毕竟，最近一段时间经济正困顿交加。A. You can make it.你可以的；B. Good for you真棒，真为你高兴；C. Youve gone too far你太过分了；D. Its up to you由你来定，取决于你。根据此处情景，在（企业）经济困难时期要求一个大幅度加薪，显然是天方夜谭，只能说这是个有些过分的要求，故选C。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下
20、面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。“Excuse me,” he waved to the waiter. The waiter arrived at our table. “I _16_ cottage cheese, but this is the mushroom.” The waiter returned with a(n) _17_ smile on his face and said, “Im sorry sir. I _18_ took the order for the mushroom.” “Then change it i
21、mmediately,” I said angrily. I had _19_ my professor, who had retired as CEO of a billion-dollar multinational corporation, to lunch at the _20_ restaurant. The waiter smiled awkwardly. I _21_ to begin the “do-you-know-who-he-is” dialogue. But my professor was quicker. He said, “Its alright. Just do
22、nt _22_ me for both dishes,” and laughed. “No, sir. Sorry, sir. Thank you, sir,” the waiter said and the _23_ and gratefulness were written all over his face.“Why did you do that, sir?” I asked, _24_ .”Its his duty to change your dish,” I said. “See how crowded the restaurant is? Its a(n) _25_ noon.
23、 Vernon,” my professor said. “Changing my order would mean more _26_ for him and the chef. Maybe the waiter is _27_. He probably would get a warning from the manager for this _28_. Why put them through all this _29_? This mushroom isnt bad.”When the bill arrived, my professor _30_ paying it. He even
24、 left a big tip. When we walked out, he smiled at the waiter, who _31_ so low that I thought hed break his back. My professor also smiled and _32_ the doorman when he thanked us for visiting.Here was my professor, Mr. Smith, being sympathetic to people below his _33_, and treating them like friends.
25、 “The true measure of a man is _34_ he treats someone who can do him absolutely no good,” said Samuel Johnson. Ill follow my professors _35_ and try my best to do the same.16. A. mentionedB. ignoredC. noticedD. ordered17. A. apologeticB. ridiculousC. meaningfulD. unnecessary18. A. accuratelyB. accid
26、entlyC. primarilyD. appropriately19. A. referredB. introducedC. broughtD. guided20. A. remoteB. commonC. elegantD. self-service21. A. happenedB. preparedC. managedD. failed22. A. chargeB. blameC. thankD. punish23. A. peaceB. confidenceC. worryD. relief24. A. excitedB. movedC. surprisedD. disappointe
27、d25. A. normalB. busyC. hotD. unique26. A. workB. incomeC. valueD. practice27. A. smartB. carefulC. friendlyD. new28. A. activelyB. dutyC. mistakeD. intention29. A. breakB. boredomC. trainingD. trouble30. A. put onB. insist onC. come onD. get on31. A. bowedB. stoodC. satD. fell32. A. acknowledgeB. r
28、ecognizedC. observedD. understood.33. A. ageB. statusC. expectationD. standard34. A. whenB. whyC. howD. what35. A. callB. adviceC. procedureD. example【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和教授一起吃午饭，
29、服务员不小心上错菜，教授决定原谅，并且给了一大笔小费的故事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点的是农家干酪，但这是蘑菇。A. mentioned提醒；B. ignored忽视；C. noticed注意；D. ordered点菜。根据 The waiter arrived at our table以及 but this is the mushroom可知，作者和教授在参观吃饭，所以这里是在讲点的菜。故此题选D。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：服务员带着歉意的微笑回来说：“对不起，先生。我不小心接了蘑菇的订单。” A. apologetic道歉的；B. ridiculous可笑的；
30、C. meaningful有意义的；D. unnecessary没必要的。上文讲到上错了菜，所以这时候需要到道歉。故此题选A。【18题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. accurately准确地；B. accidently意外地；C. primarily 最初地；D. appropriately合适地。通过下文服务员说到，他接了蘑菇的订单可知，他并不是故意上错菜的，是一次意外。故此题选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带着已经退休的教授，还是一家价值数十亿美元的跨国公司的首席执行官来这家高级的餐馆吃饭。A. referred涉及；B. introduced介绍；C. bro
31、ught带着；D. guided指导。通过上文可知，我和我的教授一起来吃饭，所以是我带着我的教授。故此题选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. remote遥远的；B. common常见的；C. elegant优雅的、高级的；D. self-service资助的。上文who had retired as CEO of a billion-dollar multinational corporation，所以是作者带教授去了一个比较高级的地方。故此题选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我准备开始“你知道他是谁吗”的对话。A. happened发生；B. prepare
32、d准备；C. managed管理；D. failed失败。下文But my professor was quicker，可知我的话还没说出口，所以是准备说。故此题选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“两道菜都别收我的钱，”他笑着说。A. charge收费；B. blame责备；C. thank感谢；D. punish惩罚。通过最后教授付了钱还给了小费，我们可以推断出这里教授是开玩笑的说教授不准备付钱了。故此题选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务生说，脸上写满了欣慰和感激之情。A. peace和平；B. confidence自信；C. worry担忧；D. relief宽慰。
33、根据gratefulness were written all over his face，可知，服务员很欣慰。故此题选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你为什么要那样做，先生？我惊讶地问道。A. excited 激动的；B. moved感动的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. disappointed失望的。根据Its his duty to change your dish,”，可知作者对于教授的做法难以理解。故此题选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天中午很忙。A. normal正常的；B. busy繁忙的；C. hot热的；D. unique独特的。通过上文的
34、See how crowded the restaurant is?可知餐馆人很多，很忙。故此题选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更改我的菜单，那么主厨和他的工作量就会增加。A. work工作；B. income收入；C. value价值；D. practice练习。换菜单的话厨师就要做另一道菜，所以工作量就增加了。故此题选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许这个服务员是新来的。A. smart聪明的；B. careful仔细的；C. friendly友好的；D. new新的。上文说到服务员上错菜犯了错，所以他有可能是新来的。故此题选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
35、意：他可能会因为这个错误而受到经理的警告。A. actively积极；B. duty职责；C. mistake错误；D. intention目的。上文 I 3 took the order for the mushroom.说到服务员上错了菜，所以这是一个错误。故此题选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么要让他们经历这么多麻烦？A. break休息；B. boredom厌烦；C. training训练；D. trouble麻烦。根据上文Changing my order would mean more 11 for him and the chef.换菜单的话厨师就要做另一道菜，所
36、以工作量就增加了 ，会给他们带来一系列麻烦。故此题选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当结账单时，教授还是坚持付了款。A. put on穿上；B. insist on坚持；C. come on加油；D. get on上车。上文教授打趣说到不付钱，但是下文教授还是给了钱，所以教授还是坚持认为应该给钱。故此题选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：服务生深深地鞠躬，我想他会伤到背的。A. bowed鞠躬；B. stood站立；C. sat坐；D. fell跌倒。通过下文break his back可知，大幅度鞠躬会伤到背。故此题选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当门卫感谢
37、我们来访时，我的教授也微笑着向他道谢。A. acknowledge致谢；B. recognized意识到；C. observed观察；D. understood理解。根据when he thanked us for visiting可知，教授也通过微笑表示了感谢。故此题选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯教授对地位低下的人很同情，把他们当作朋友对待。A. age年纪；B. status地位；C. expectation期待；D. standard标准。本文讲的是教授和服务员的故事，可知服务员和教授相比，地位比教授的地位低。故此题选B。【34题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：真正衡
38、量一个人，是看他如何对待与他毫不相干的人。A. when时间；B. why原因；C. how方式；D. what怎么样。本文讲述的是教授如何对待犯错的服务员，所以文章讲的是如何待人，表方式。故此题选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将以我的教授为榜样，尽我所能做到这一点。A. call电话；B. advice建议；C. procedure步骤；D. example例子。根据 try my best to do the same.可知，作者也要尝试这样去做可知，作者把教授当成了自己的榜样。故此题选D。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
39、 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIt is often said that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” That is certainly true of the images of fleeting moments of nature submitted by international ecologists and students for the British Ecological Societys (BES) annual photography competition. Here are a few of 2019s
40、winning entries.Red NightPhotographed by Roberto Garcia Roa, it was declared last years overall winner. The image captures both the beauty of the magnificent snake and its fear of human threats like fires. The ecologist says, “During my visit to Madagascar, I had the pleasure of finding this snake a
41、nd photographing it. To offer a dramatic scene reflecting the conditions that these snakes are suffering, I used an external red light as a source of light to capture the environment.”The Rhinos Annual HaircutIt was photographed by ecologist Molly Penny. The ongoing demand for rhino (犀牛) horns has r
42、educed the population to just 30,000 globally. To try to save the species, ecologists in South Africa, home to over 20,000 southern white rhinos, have decided to saw off (锯掉) it part of the animals horns, which regrow every year. “The Rhinos Annual Haircut,” captured beautifully in the black-and-whi
43、te photo by Molly Penny from the University of the West of England, reduces the risk of the animals being cruelly murdered.For the Love of FlamingosPhotographed by Peter Hudson, it captures a heart-shaped cloud of pink flamingos in Kenya, which is truly a sight like none other. The ecologist says, “
44、Flamingos are all legs and necks but meanwhile beautiful and fascinating and I admit I have a deep passion for them, so I was thrilled when, flying high over Lake Magadi, I watched this flock from themselves into a heart shape.”.Flames in FlumesPhotographed by Nilanjan Chatterjee, it captures a wate
45、r redstart waiting to catch an insect near a small waterfall. It was the best overall student submission. The photographer wanted to show the struggle the river birds are likely to face from the slowdown in water flow due to planned dams in rivers across India.36. What can we know about “Red Night”?
46、A. Roberto Garcia Roa suffered a lot to take it.B. It describes a snakes suffering in the fires.C. It won the first place in 2019 BES photography competition.D. Roberto Garcia Roa was very frightened when he took it.37. What may be the topic of “The Rhinos Annual Haircut”?A. The tips on saving an en
47、dangered rhino.B. The cruelty of killing an endangered rhino.C. The scene of taking part of a horn from a rhino.D. The method of helping a rhino to grow a horn again.38. Where was “For the Love of Flamingos” photographed?A. In South Africa.B. In Kenya.C. In India.D. In Madagascar.39. How is “Flames
48、in Flumes” different from the other pictures?A. It is a students work.B. It was photographed on an island.C. It is a black-and-white photo.D. It shows wild animals suffering.40. What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce a photography competition.B. To remind us to protect some animals.C. To wa
49、rn us of worsening nature.D. To introduce some winning photos.【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2019年在英国生态学会(BES)年度摄影比赛中的获奖作品。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Red Night中的“Photographed by Roberto Garcia Roa, it was declared last years overall winner.(由罗伯托加西亚罗亚拍摄的这张照片被宣布为去年的总冠军。)”可知，红色的夜晚获得2019年BES摄影
50、比赛第一名。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据The Rhinos Annual Haircut中的“To try to save the species, ecologists in South Africa, home to over 20,000 southern white rhinos, have decided to saw off (锯掉) it part of the animals horns, which regrow every year. The Rhinos Annual Haircut,” captured beautifully in the black-an
51、d-white photo by Molly Penny from the University of the West of England, reduces the risk of the animals being cruelly murdered.”可知，作品犀牛的年度发型是英国西部大学的莫莉佩妮拍摄从犀牛角上取角的场景。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据For the Love of Flamingos中的“Photographed by Peter Hudson, it captures a heart-shaped cloud of pink flamingos in Ken
52、ya, which is truly a sight like none other.(这张照片是由彼得哈德森拍摄的，它在肯尼亚捕捉到了一片粉红色火烈鸟的心形云，这真是独一无二的景象。)”可知，此照片是在肯尼亚拍摄的。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据Flames in Flumes中的“It was the best overall student submission. (这是学生提交的最好的作品)”可知，火焰中的羽毛这张照片与其它照片不同之处，在于它是一副学生作品。故选A。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That is certainly true of the image
53、s of fleeting moments of nature submitted by international ecologists and students for the British Ecological Societys (BES) annual photography competition. Here are a few of 2019s winning entries. (在英国生态学会(BES)年度摄影比赛中，国际生态学家和学生们提交了一组自然转瞬即逝的照片。以下是2019年获奖作品。)”可推断，此文的目的是介绍一些获奖照片。故选D。BLike many other s
54、tudents beginning graduate school I was quickly charged with responsibilities and had to find time for studying by letting goof many other things I valued. Letting go of football and the violin was, however, self-defeating: it might have brought me more time in the short term, but spending that extr
55、a time on work only made me more stressed and less productive.Towards the end of the MSC (Master of Science program) started to lose my motivation and curiosity for science and research, as well as my creativity. Spending so much time and energy in the laboratory, and focusing all my attention on my
56、 thesis and courses, made me feel down and almost totally uninterested in my field - not to mention short-tempered and oversensitive in my personal communications.Over time, I learnt from these experiences. When I started my PhD, I focused on balancing academic success with personal time-off, and ma
57、de personal happiness a priority (首要事情) in my weekly schedule. My mentor (导师) and I discussed my work-life balance early in my program, and we arrange our lab responsibilities accordingly.I set boundaries for myself in new ways: rather than doing lab work all weekend, Id play football or the violin,
58、 or visit loved ones, before allowing myself to work fora few hours.This was hard at first: I worried that it would affect my standing with my peers, and superiors, but I had learnt from experiences that an overloaded schedule can drain (使疲劳) you so much that you become unfocused and start making mi
59、stakes or forgetting important details.Since establishing a better work-life balance, Ive been doing well in graduate school. Outside the lab, Ive been able to take up a few leadership positions at my university because Im not as stressed with my work. I serve as our departments student councilor an
60、d I am also vice-president academic in the Health Sciences Graduate Students Association. My advice is this: a healthy work-life balance isnt a luxury; its a key part of success in graduate programs.41. What is the authors problem?A. He must study hard to graduate.B. He must give up his hobby for st
61、udy,C. He didnt know how to study more effectively.D. He didnt know how to deal with pressure.42. Paragraph 2 shows _.A. the challenges of an MSC programB. the consequences of giving up hobbiesC. the benefits of focusing on schoolworkD. the importance of balancing study and hobbies43. To balance aca
62、demic and personal life, the author _.A. asks his peers for helpB. seeks to reduce his lab dutiesC. puts his hobbies first more oftenD. avoids schoolwork at weekends at all44. When the author gets his hands too full, he _.A. tends to put things on holdB. tends to lose the attention to detailsC. will
63、 lose his patience with his academic workD. will make a new schedule accordingly45. What can be inferred from the authors personal experience?A. Its never too late to make a change in the university.B. Its easy to be work-life balanced in our lives.C. Multi-tasking has many advantages in the univers
64、ity.D. Work-life balance is necessary in the university.【答案】41. B 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，通过讲述作者自身的经历，论述了平衡工作和生活的重要性。【41题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Letting go of football and the violin was, however, self-defeating: it might have brought me more time in the short term, but spending that extr
65、a time on work only made me more stressed and less productive.”放弃足球和小提琴却会弄巧成拙:它可能会在短期内给我带来更多时间，但把多余的时间花在工作上只会“让我压力更大，效率更低”。可知，作者遇到的问题是，他必须放弃自己的爱好来抓紧时间学习。故选B项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，在MSC快结束的时候，作者开始失去了对科学和研究的动力和好奇心，也失去了创造力。在实验室里花了那么多时间和精力，把所有的注意力都集中在论文和课程上，这让作者情绪低落，对自己的领域几乎完全不感兴趣更别提在个人交流中脾气暴躁、过于敏感了。可知
66、，本段表明了作者放弃自己爱好的结果。故选B项。【43题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“When I started my PhD, I focused on balancing academic success with personal time-off, and made personal happiness a priority (首要事情) in my weekly schedule. ” 当我开始我的博士学位，我专注于平衡学术成就和个人时生活，并使个人幸福优先(首要事情)在我每周的日程安排。可知，作者为了平衡学术成就和个人生活更多的把自己的爱好放在第一位。故选C项。【44题详解】推理
67、判断题。由文章倒数第二段“I had learnt from experiences that an overloaded schedule can drain (使疲劳) you so much that you become unfocused and start making mistakes or forgetting important details.” 我从经验中学到一个过载的时间表可以使你如此疲劳以至于使你变得无失去注意力，开始犯错误或忘记重要的细节。可以推断，当作者手头工作太多时，他会容易忽视细节。故选B项。45题详解】推理判断题。文章通过讲述自己的经历，放弃爱好专注学习使作
68、者压力更大、效率更低，之后通过自己的经历认识到了要注意工作和生活的平衡；尤其是文章最后一段“a healthy work-life balance isnt a luxury; its a key part of success in graduate programs.” 健康的工作与生活平衡不是一种奢侈，这是研究生课程成功的关键部分。可以推断，根据作者的经验，我们可以知道工作与生活的平衡在大学是必要的。故选D项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，
69、读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第3题文章中，由文章第三段“When I started my PhD, I focused on balancing academic success with personal time-off, and made personal happiness a priority (首要事情) in my weekly schedule. ” 当我开始我的博士学位，我专注于平衡学术成就和个人时生活，并使个人幸福优先(首要事情)在我每周的日程安排。可知，作者为了平衡学术成就和
70、个人生活更多的把自己的爱好放在第一位。故选C项。CPurdue University researchers have engineered flying robots that behave like hummingbirds, trained by machine learning algorithms (计算程序) based on various techniques the bird uses naturally every day. The robot would be able to fly better through collapsed buildings to find t
71、rapped victims.Even though such a robot cant see yet it senses by touching surfaces. Each touch changes an electric current, which the researchers realized that they could track. Xinyan Deng, a professor, and her colleagues at Purdue have been trying to decode (破译) hummingbird flight so that robots
72、can fly where larger aircraft cant. Dengs group studied hummingbirds themselves for many summers in Montana. They documented key hummingbird actions, such as making a rapid 180-degree turn, and translated them to computer algorithms that the robot could learn from when connected with a simulation (模
73、拟操作).Further study on the physics of insects and hummingbirds allowed Purdue researchers to build robots smaller than hummingbirds-and even as small as insects-without compromising the way they fly. The smaller the size, the greater the wing flapping frequency, and the more efficiently they fly. The
74、 robots have 3D-printed bodies and wings made of carbon fiber. The researchers have built one hummingbird robot weighing 12 grams-the weight of the average adult hummingbird. The hummingbird robot can lift up to 27 grams.Designing their robots with higher lift gives the researchers more room to even
75、tually add a battery and sensing technology, such as a-camera or GPS. Currently, the robot needs to be tied to an energy source while it flies-but that wont be for much longer, the researchers say. The robots could fly silently just as a real hummingbird does, making them more ideal for covert (转换)
76、operations.Robotic hummingbirds would not only help with search-and-rescue tasks, but also allow biologists to more reliably study hummingbirds. In their natural environment through the senses of a realistic robot. This work is part of Purdues 1501 anniversary. This is one of the four themes of the
77、celebrations Ideas Festival, designed to show Purdue as an intellectual center solving real-world issues.46. The hummingbird robot could be helpful in searching for victims .A. in a very wide areaB. in a desertC. in a dark placeD. in the sea47. What can we know about the hummingbird robot?A. It is a
78、s light as an insect.B. It can fly to any place.C. It can see where to go.D. The smaller it is, the better.48. What is the disadvantage of the robotic hummingbird at present?A. It barely lifts its weight.B. Its not equipped with a battery.C. It cant fly too high in the sky.D. It produces a little no
79、ise outside.49. Besides being useful in rescues, the hummingbird robot can help .A. biologists to study hummingbirdsB. biologists to study wildlifeC. transport dangerous goodsD. protect birds in the wild【答案】46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普渡大学(Purdue University)的研究人员邓新燕教授和她的同事们设计出了行为像蜂鸟的飞行机器
80、人，它能够在倒塌的建筑物中飞行，寻找被困的受害者。这种机器人目前还存在缺点，但是还在继续研究和完善中。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中The robot would be able to fly better through collapsed buildings to find trapped victims.(机器人将能够更好地在倒塌的建筑物中飞行，寻找被困的受害者)可知，蜂鸟机器人可以帮助在黑暗的地方寻找受害者。故选C项。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The smaller the size, the greater the wing flapping frequency,
81、 and the more efficiently they fly. (体型越小，扇动翅膀的频率就越大，飞行效率也就越高)可知，蜂鸟机器人越小越好。故选D项。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Designing their robots with higher lift gives the researchers more room to eventually add a battery and sensing technology, such as a-camera or GPS. Currently, the robot needs to be tied to an energy s
82、ource while it flies.(设计出具有更高升力机器人，让研究人员有更多空间最终添加电池和传感技术，如摄像头或GPS。目前，机器人在飞行时需要连接上能源)可知，目前蜂鸟机器人的缺点是它还没有配备电池。故选B项。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Robotic hummingbirds would not only help with search-and-rescue tasks, but also allow biologists to more reliably study hummingbirds.(蜂鸟机器人不仅能帮助搜救任务，还能让生物学家更可靠地研究蜂鸟)可知，
83、除了在救援中有用，蜂鸟机器人还可以帮助生物学家研究蜂鸟。故选A项。DWe all have our bad days. No one is going to wake up each and every morning in a cheery mood. Sometimes we all feel just a little bit grumpier (脾气暴躁的) than usual, and thats just a part of being human. Yet once we get to the office, many in the workforce feel it nece
84、ssary to hide their emotions, whether they are in frustration, anger, or sadness. Interestingly, a new study finds keeping ones behavior at the office authentic will result in greater productivity and a better relationship with co-workers. In other words: act how you feel, and dont fake it.Its extre
85、mely common for the average workspace to preach an attitude of continuous positivity. While this may be beneficial from the CEOs viewpoint, it just isnt realistic when applied to real people with real problems and daily hardships. Thats why, the research team have concluded, employees will actually
86、feel better, work harder, and connect more with their colleagues if they dont hide their feelings with a fake smile.Over 2,500 working adults, from a variety of industries such as finance or engineering, took part in this research via surveys. The questionnaires measured two distinct types of on-the
87、-job emotional regulation: surface acting and deep acting. Surface acting means faking happiness while interacting with other employees; and deep acting refers to actively trying to change ones emotions and feelings in order to be more pleasant at work. The studys authors were interested to see how
88、common it is for working adults to regulate their emotions while on the clock, and if so. Why? What benefits are employees gaining from such behavior?After analyzing all of the survey responses, researchers identified four distinct types of individuals who hide or regulate their emotions around co-w
89、orkers. “Non-actors” rarely hide their true feelings, and if they do, only to a very small extent. “Low actors” usually take part in only slight deep and surface acting. “Deep actors” perform lots of deep acting and low levels of surface acting, and “Regulators” exhibit high levels of both surface a
90、nd deep acting.By far non-actors were the smallest identified group in the study. Regulators, or employees who tend to hide their true feelings most often, are usually motivated by feelings of self-interest. These people believe that by hiding their feelings they will gain access to additional work
91、resources and look good in front of their managers and co-workers. Deep actors, on the other hand, are usually more motivated by “pro-social” factors. This means they choose to hide their emotions because they believe it develops a healthier working environment. Regulators are the most likely of the
92、 four to experience great emotional tiredness and exhaustion. Meanwhile, deep actors tend to achieve improved well-being most frequently.50. Many office workers tend to _.A. show their angerB. behave naturallyC. focus on their jobs onlyD. pretend to be happy51. What does the underlined word “preach”
93、 mean in the second paragraph?A. Promote.B. Forbid.C. Change.D. Ignore52. How was the study carried out?A. By performing experiments.B. By analyzing questionnaire data.C. By taking field trips to offices.D. By interviewing CEOs.53. What do we know about “regulators”?A. They are straightforward and l
94、ike to help others.B. They are more surface acting than deep acting.C. They like to build an image that will benefit them.D. They are self-interested and will do whatever it takes to succeed.54. What conclusion can we draw from the passage?A. “Non-actors” always hold back their true feelings on purp
95、ose.B. “Low-actors” are, most likely to display their true feelings.C. Hiding true feelings is sure to leave a good impression.D. It is worthwhile to become deep actors in a way.55. Through the passage the author mainly intends toA. stress the significance of displaying true feelingsB. highlight the
96、 importance of hiding true feelingsC. urge people to keep a cheerful emotion at workD. persuade people to better their working efficiency【答案】50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科研人员对不同风格的人职场情绪管理的一项研究。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Yet once we get to the office, many in the workforce feel it ne
97、cessary to hide their emotions, whether they are in frustration, anger, or sadness.”可知，无论心情好坏，一旦进入工作状态，很多人都觉得有必要把个人情绪藏起来，假装很快乐积极，故选D。【51题详解】词义猜测题。结合划线句子“Its extremely common for the average workspace to preach an attitude of continuous positivity.”的上下文可知，在职场上隐藏情绪是人们的通行做法，对于an attitude of continuous
98、positivity（持续积极向上的态度）人们是要保持和肯定的，据此猜测动词preach词义。A. Promote促进，发扬；B. Forbid禁止；C. Change改变；D. Ignore忽视。只有A选项为肯定含义，而B、C、D均为否定含义，在该句中应取肯定含义，故选A。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Over 2,500 working adultstook part in this research via surveys. The questionnaires measured”可知这一研究通过覆盖超过2500人的问卷调查这一形式进行，也即这一研究通过分析问卷数据实施，故选B。
99、【53题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中对这种人的描述“Regulators, or employees who tend to hide their true feelings most often, are usually motivated by feelings of self-interest. These people believe that by hiding their feelings they will gain access to additional work resources and look good in front of their managers and
100、 co-workers.”可知，他们这么做的动力来自于其感觉可以从中获得利益（self-interest为私利、利己主义），例如可以获得额外的工作资源，在上司和同事面前看起来更好，等等。也就是说，他们塑造了一个于他们自己有利的形象，故选C。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话“Regulators are the most likely of the four to experience great emotional tiredness and exhaustion. Meanwhile, deep actors tend to achieve improved well-b
101、eing most frequently.”可知，其赞同的是deep actors，而不支持regulators，认为deep actors有更大的概率实现一种快乐幸福（指职场上），它更值得，故选D。【55题详解】推理判断题。本题要求判断作者的目的意图，从文中作者对regulators的反对，以及文章第一段末尾“Interestingly, a new study finds keeping ones behavior at the office authentic will result in greater productivity and a better relationship wi
102、th co-workers. In other words: act how you feel, and dont fake it.”及第二段末尾“Thats why, the research team have concluded, employees will actually feel better, work harder, and connect more with their colleagues if they dont hide their feelings with a fake smile.”可知，作者多次强调在职场上不要伪装，不要假装高兴，而要袒露真情实感，这样反而对于
103、个人心情和工作效果都是有益的，也即他想强调表露真情实感的意义所在，故选A。第卷（非选择题 共35分）第三部分：写作（共两节；满分35分）第一节阅读表达David Carter stands outside of the University of Texas Austin campus every day, offering the same warm greeting to students who pass by. “Hello, my friend!”Carter, now 68, is a beggar who once attended the school from 1972 to
104、 L975. Then, he was involved in a crash and got serious injuries. He then had trouble with substance abuse and faced mental health challenges, leading him to drop out before completing his degree.“If I could change one thing about my past life, I would have stayed in school,” Carter says. He says he
105、 knows an education can change someones quality of life.Carter had to beg in the last few years fora simple reason. “Im always flat broke,” he said. While most people would walk right by a beggar, Ryan Chandler, a junior at the university, decided to stop and chat with Carter-and he learned a valuab
106、le lesson: You cant judge a book by its cover.“A lot of UT students see them as criminal vagrants (无业游民,乞丐) or think that they are dangerous or unfriendly, and that idea just isnt true,” says Chandler.Chandler got to know Carter and saw his potential. “He completed 87 hours of course credits, which
107、is enough for a degree for most people, but he just never finished,” Chandler says.The student wrote a blog post about his new friend, and luckily, the right people heard about Carter and stepped in to help. The University of Texas readmitted Carter as a student, and a kind person who used to be a s
108、tudent UT offered to pay for Carters tuition.“I want to be a student and I want to learn,” Carter said. Since the course requirements have changed, Carter is far from having the amount of credits needed to graduate. But his friend knows hes willing to take up the challenge. “He is capable, he is rea
109、dy, and he is dedicated to this,” Chandler says.56. Why didnt Carter finish his study at UT more than 40 years ago? (no more than 10 words)57. How does Carter feel as a dropout? (no more than 5 words)58. What does the underlined part in the fourth paragraph probably mean? (no more than 5 words)59. W
110、hat can be inferred about Carter in his study at UT? (no more than 15 words)60. What do you think is the right way to know someone? Please explain. (no more than 25 words)【答案】56. He got some health problems after a crash./He had the substance abuse problem and poor mental health. 57. Regretful Sorry
111、 /He feels it a shame (a pity)/ He feels sorry for that (it). 58. completely without money/ Not having any money/ Poor. 59. Despite the challenge he faces, hes got capabilities and a positive attitude./He faces a challenge, but he has capabilities and a positive attitude. 60. Instead of judging some
112、one by his or her appearance, we should take time to communicate with the person patiently/sincerely to truly understand him or her.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了David Carter每天都站在德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校校园外，向路过的学生致以同样热情的问候。现年68岁的卡特是一名乞丐，他曾在1972年至1975年期间就读于这所学校，后来因为车祸和药物滥用的问题辍学了。大学三年级的Ryan Chandler认识了Carter，看到了他的潜力，想要帮助他完成学
113、业。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Then, he was involved in a crash and got serious injuries. He then had trouble with substance abuse and faced mental health challenges, leading him to drop out before completing his degree.可知然后，他发生了车祸，受了重伤。随后，他出现了滥用药物的问题，并面临着精神健康方面的挑战，这导致他在完成学位之前就辍学了。由此可知，Carter 40多年前没有完成他在德克萨斯大
114、学的学业是因为撞车后，他的健康出了问题。或他有药物滥用问题，心理健康状况不佳。故答He got some health problems after a crash./He had the substance abuse problem and poor mental health.【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“If I could change one thing about my past life, I would have stayed in school,” Carter says. He says he knows an education can change someo
115、nes quality of life.可知“如果我能改变我过去生活中的一件事，我可能会留在学校，”卡特说。他说，他知道教育可以改变一个人的生活质量。由此可推知，作为一个辍学生，Carter感到很遗憾。故答Regretful Sorry /He feels it a shame (a pity)/ He feels sorry for that (it).【58题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文While most people would walk right by a beggar, Ryan Chandler, a junior at the university, decided to st
116、op and chat with Carter-and he learned a valuable lesson: You cant judge a book by its cover.可知当大多数人从乞丐身边走过时，大学三年级的Ryan Chandler却决定停下来和Carter聊天他学到了宝贵的一课:不能以貌取人。由此可知，Carter在过去的几年里因为一个简单的原因不得不乞讨。总是身无分文。故划线部分意思为“完全没有钱；很穷”。故答completely without money/ Not having any money/ Poor.【59题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中But hi
117、s friend knows hes willing to take up the challenge. “He is capable, he is ready, and he is dedicated to this,” Chandler says.可知但他的朋友知道他愿意接受挑战。“他是有能力的，他已经准备好了，而且他全力以赴，” Chandler说。由此可推知，Carter尽管面临挑战，但他有能力和积极的态度。故答Despite the challenge he faces, hes got capabilities and a positive attitude./He faces a
118、 challenge, but he has capabilities and a positive attitude.【60题详解】这是开放性题目，结合文章回答，言之有理即可。可结合第四段中While most people would walk right by a beggar, Ryan Chandler, a junior at the university, decided to stop and chat with Carter-and he learned a valuable lesson: You cant judge a book by its cover.可知当大多数人
119、从乞丐身边走过时，大学三年级的Ryan Chandler却决定停下来和Carter聊天他学到了宝贵的一课：不能以貌取人。回答：不要以貌取人，我们应该花时间耐心地与他/她交流，真正理解他/她。故答Instead of judging someone by his or her appearance, we should take time to communicate with the person patiently/sincerely to truly understand him or her.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）61.假如你是晨光中学的李津，为配合学校的科技月活动，你校英语社团
120、的微信公众号开展征文活动。要求同学们写一篇英语短文，介绍我国科学家设计的一款生活型智能机器人。现请你投稿，文章内容包括：1. 简要介绍这款生活型智能机器人。2. 谈谈这款生活智能机器人的功能（至少写2点）3. 说明生活型机器人的意义。注意：1. 词数不要少于100。2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：智能机器人intelligent robotJune 10, 2020Here I would like to introduce a new type of intelligent household robot to you._【答案】J
121、une 10, 2020Here I would like to introduce a new type of intelligent household robot to you.In recent years, an intelligent robot, powered by solar energy which is environmentally-friendly, has been designed to provide everyday assistance in our life by scientists in our country.So many powerful fun
122、ctions does this intelligent robot have that it can help us in various ways. Firstly, it can do all the housework, such as cooking, washing and cleaning windows, as a result of which, people can be freed from heavy labour. Whats more, if used appropriately, the robot is capable of taking good care o
123、f the elderly and the sick, lightening the burden of their family members care for them. Of course, youll also take advantage of this robot by not only communicating with it but surfing the Internet through it to collect amounts of information. Not to mention it can even entertain you if it accepts
124、voice commands, playing songs, to mention just one example.Theres no doubt that the creation of this intelligent robot shows the rapid development of science and technology of our country. Im firmly convinced it will be a big helper in a family, making life more convenient and Im looking forward to
125、the life with this robot.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生写一篇英语短文，介绍我国科学家设计的一款生活型智能机器人的相关信息。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：三段式结构。第一段提出话题“一款生活型智能机器人”；第二段讲述其功能特点；第三段说明其意义。要求：1.提出话题（an intelligent robot） 2.介绍相关情况：功能强大（so many powerful functions） 1）做家务（do all the housework） 2）照顾幼小（take good care of t
126、he elderly and the sick） 3) 网络娱乐（surf the Internet;entertain） 3. 意义阐述1）体现科技发展（show the rapid development of science and technology of our country） 2）生活助手（will be a big helper）第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）environmentally-friendly; everyday assistance; in various ways; do the housework; such as; be capable of; take
127、good care of; take advantage of; communicate with; not onlybut (also); surf the Internet; not to mention; theres no doubt that; be convinced; look forward to第三步：连词成句1. In recent years, an intelligent robot, powered by solar energy which is environmentally-friendly, has been designed to provide every
128、day assistance in our life by scientists in our country.2. So many powerful functions does this intelligent robot have that it can help us in various ways.3. Firstly, it can do all the housework, such as cooking, washing and cleaning windows, as a result of which, people can be freed from heavy labo
129、ur.4. Whats more, if used appropriately, the robot is capable of taking good care of the elderly and the sick, lightening the burden of their family members care for them.5. Of course, youll also take advantage of this robot by not only communicating with it but surfing the Internet through it to co
130、llect amounts of information.6. Not to mention it can even entertain you if it accepts voice commands, playing songs, to mention just one example.7. Theres no doubt that the creation of this intelligent robot shows the rapid development of science and technology of our country.8. Im firmly convinced
131、 it will be a big helper in a family, making life more convenient and Im looking forward to the life with this robot.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：first of all; firstly/first; secondly/second; and then; finally; in the end; at last2.表并列补充关系：what is more; besides; moreover; fur
132、thermore; in addition; as well as; not onlybut (also); including3.表因果关系：because; as; so; thus; therefore; as a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。1.作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：In recent years, an intelligent robot, powered by solar energy which i
133、s environmentally-friendly, has been designed to provide everyday assistance in our life by scientists in our country.( 近年来，一个智能机器人，由太阳能驱动，这是环保的，已经被设计在我们的生活中提供日常援助的科学家在我们的国家。)这句话运用了which引导定语从句。So many powerful functions does this intelligent robot have that it can help us in various ways.( 这个智能机器人有这
134、么多强大的功能，它可以在各个方面帮助我们。)该句中使用了so that结果状语从句，且将“So+adj.”结构置于句首，使该句使用了部分倒装句式。Of course, youll also take advantage of this robot by not only communicating with it but surfing the Internet through it to collect amounts of information.( 当然，您还可以利用这个机器人，不仅可以与它通信，还可以通过它浏览网络以收集大量信息。)该句使用了not onlybut(also)并列句结构
135、。Theres no doubt that the creation of this intelligent robot shows the rapid development of science and technology of our country.( 毫无疑问，这种智能机器人的创造表明了我国科学技术的迅速发展。)该句使用了固定句式“theres no doubt that”，其中that引导同位语从句。2.使用了一些固定词组，如environmentally-friendly; everyday assistance; in various ways; do the housework; such as; be capable of; take good care of; take advantage of; communicate with; not onlybut (also); surf the Internet; not to mention; theres no doubt that; be convinced; look forward to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。