1、代词一、 基础达标训练1On my recent visit,I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by_(it)mother.2By that time,the panda no longer needed_(it)mother for food.3Do you,for instance,feel that too much is being expected of_,and yet find it impossible to say no?4.Id been at home in Hong Kong,with_(
2、it)choking smog.5Niki is always full of ideas,but_is useful to my knowledge.6The meeting will be held in September,but_knows the date for sure.7To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against_8The quality of education in this small school is better than_in some larg
3、er schools.9How would you like_if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?10A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear! Its_(I)”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.11Some of my friends who had been there
4、 before said_was a wonderful holiday destination.12I had this idea a few years ago but I couldnt find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted,so I did it by_13Shed lived in London and Manchester,but she liked_and moved to Cambridge.14You can ask anyone for help._here is willing to lend you a h
5、and.15A smile costs_,but gives much.16Good families are much to all their members,but_to none.17_can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it.18Its an eitheror situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_19Ive lived in New York and Chicago,but dont l
6、ike_of them very much.20My brother would like to buy a good watch but_was available from that shop.21Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?$4,000,or_like that.22Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but_of them wants to,because they have work to do.23John,when shall we meet
7、 again,Thursday or Friday?_Ill be off to London then.24Raise your leg and let_stay in the air for seconds.25Last year,my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said_was a wonderful holiday destination.26Id appreciate_if you could let me know in advanc
8、e whether or not you will come.27Susan made_clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.28To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then_of her colleagues.29At our factory there are a few machines similar to_described in this magazine.30Half of_surveyed in 16 countri
9、es say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.31If youre buying todays paper from the stand,could you get_for me?32Studying Wendys menu,I found that many of the items are similar to_of McDonalds.33I hate_when someone makes a mess of my learning material
10、s on my desk.34We used to mistake that heavy objects fell faster than light_35They are heading for Florida for_(they)honeymoon and plan to frame the treasured picture as soon as they get back.36The quality of education in this small school is better than_in some larger schools.37She did not hesitate
11、 for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while,she knew that this was a present which was bound to please_(he)38At the end of the five minutes,no one could find_(they)own balloon.39We valued every chance we have to keep_(we)on the right track.40Nowadays,school violence is a hot is
12、sue.I think this is a phenomenon,_calling for our great concern.【答案】1its2its3you4its5none6nobody7the other8that9it10me/mine11it12myself13neither14Everyone15nothing16everything17Nobody18both19either/both20none21something22neither23Neither24it25it26it27it28that29those30those31one32those33it34ones35the
13、ir36that37him38their39ourselves40one【分析】1 考查代词。句意:在我最近的一次访问中,我抱着一只被它的母亲拒绝的活泼的三个月大的双胞胎。根 据空后mother可知,此处用it的形容词性物主代词,指代a lively three-month-old twins mother, 故填its。2考查代词。句意:到那时,熊猫不再需要它的母亲觅食了。根据空后mother可知,此处用it的形容词性物主代词,指代the pandas mother,故填its。3考查代词。句意:例如,你是否觉得别人对你的期望太高,而你又不可能拒绝?分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,故此处用代词
14、,再结合句意可知,故填you。4考查代词。句意:在香港我一直在家里,因为它令人窒息的烟雾。介词with之后是名词作宾语,名词前用物主代词作定语,因此填物主代词its“它的”,指香港的令人窒息的烟雾。故填its。5考查代词。句意:妮基总有很多主意,但据我所知没有哪一个是有用的。分析句子结构可知,此处缺主语,故填代词,结合句意可知,句中的“full of ideas”表明主意是三个或三个以上,所以用none表示完全否定。故填none。6考查代词。句意:会议要在九月召开,但是没有人知道确切日期。分析句子结构可知,此处缺主语,故填代词,再结合句意可知,该句由but连接的两个并列分句构成,第一个分句说会
15、议将要在九月召开,而转折词but意味着两个分句意思相反,故用否定词nobody。故填nobody。7考查代词。句意:为了让自己暖和,那位水手坐在火堆前面,用一只脚摩擦另外一只脚。根据句意可知,表示两者之间的“一个另一个”,要用one.the other.,故填the other。8考查代词。句意:这所小学校的教学质量比一些较大学校的教学质量更好。分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,再结合句意可知,空处指代的quality为抽象不可数名词,that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词,故填that。9考查代词。句意:当你在看你最喜欢的电视节目时,如果有人进来,并且未经允许就把电视关掉,你会怎么想?
16、分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,表示喜好、厌恶一类的动词后不能直接加宾语从句,需要用it作形式宾语,指代从句的内容。故填it。10考查代词。句意:一名女士惊呼,“是我丢东西了/那是我的箱子”。结合句意可知,此处用名词性物主代词或用宾格形式,指代my suitcase,故填me/mine。11考查代词。句意:我的一些以前去过那里的朋友说那里有一个很棒的度假胜地。分析句子结构可知,空处缺主语,所以填代词,本空在句中作主语指前面提到的there,故填it。12考查代词。句意:几年前我有这个想法,但我找不到可以提供我想要的生产商,所以我自己做了。根据句意可知,by oneself表示“独自,
17、靠自己”,故填myself。13考查代词。句意:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特住过,但她不喜欢这两个地方,于是迁到剑桥。分析句子结 构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,语境表明空格处应用表示两者全部否定的不定代词,故填neither。14考查代词。句意:你可以向任何一个人求助,这里的每一个人都愿意帮助你。分析句子结构可知,空处缺主语,所以填代词,再根据前一句“You can ask anyone for help.”可知,每一个人都愿意帮助你。故填Everyone。15考查代词。句意:微笑虽然不用花费什么,但意义却是很大的。分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,再结合句意可知,此句是一个含有转折连词bu
18、t的并列句,根据but后的内容可知but分句前面应该是含有否定意义的内容,所以只能用nothing,故填nothing。16考查代词。句意:好的家庭对每个家庭成员都很重要,但并不意味着一切。根据句意可知,此处表示be/mean everything (to sb.)(对某人来说)是最重要的/意味着一切,故用everything符合句意。故填everything。17考查代词。句意:没有人能持续四十年都擅长某件事,如果他不热爱它。分析句子结构可知,空处缺主语,所以填代词,再根据句意可知,nobody表示“没有人”,符合句意,故填Nobody。18考查代词。句意:这是一种二选一的情况,我们今年要么
19、买一辆新车,要么去度假,但两者不可兼得。分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,结合句意可知,此处表示部分否定, both和否定词连词连用,表示部分否定,故填both。19考查代词。句意:我在纽约和芝加哥住过,但是我不是很喜欢它们中的任何一个/这两个地方我并不都非常喜欢。根据句意可知,题干中提到纽约和芝加哥两个城市,根据转折词but可知,后面的意思应为“两个都不喜欢”或“两个并不都喜欢”,“not.either.两者都不”表示全部否定,此处也可用“not.both.”表示部分否定。故填either/both。20考查代词。句意:我弟弟想买一块好表,但那家商店没有。分析句子结构可知,空处缺主语
20、,所以填代词,none表示“没有一个”,可替代可数名词,也可替代不可数名词,在句中指代“a good watch”,表示全部否定。故填none。21考查代词。句意:你算出这次旅游将会花多少钱了吗?4 000美元,或大约那么多吧。结合句意可知,此处填something,表示不确切的描述或数量,意为“大致,左右”,故填something。22考查代词。句意:Larry让Bill和Peter和他一起去野餐,但是他们两个人都不想去,因为他们有工作要做。根据句意可知,前面提到的是Bill和Peter两个人,再结合转折连词but和谓语动词wants可知,空格处是对两者进行全部否定,故填neither。23
21、考查代词。句意:约翰,我们什么时候再见面,星期四或星期五?都不行,那时我就要去伦敦了。根据空格后面的“Ill be off to London then.”可知,周四、周五这两天都不行,故用Neither“两者都不”。故填Neither。24考查代词。句意:抬起你的腿,让它在空中停留几秒钟。分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,根据句意可知,it指代前面的单数名词your leg。故填it。25考查代词。句意:去年,我和我哥哥去迈阿密度假。我的一些以前去过那里的朋友说那里是一个很棒的度假胜地。分析句子结构可知,空处缺主语,所以填代词,此处指代上文提到的旅游目的地迈阿密,故填it。26考查代
22、词。句意:如果你能够让我提前知道你是否会来,我将不胜感激。分析句子的结构,此空在句中作形式宾语,而真正的宾语为if所引导的从句,故填it。27考查代词。句意:Susan向我明确表示她希望为自己创造新的生活。分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,make做使役动词时其后不能直接加宾语从句,需要用it做形式宾语,其后的宾语从句作真正的宾语。故填it。28考查代词。句意:使她高兴的是,Della首先赢得了她学生的信任,然后又获得了她同事的信任。分析句子结构可知,空后面的“of her colleagues”与前面的“of her students”是同样的结构,因此此空应该用that来替代the
23、 trust,that表示特指,且可以指代前文不可数名词,故填that。29考查代词。句意:在我们工厂里有一些机器与这本杂志里描述的那些机器很相似。分析句子结构可知,此处用代词,根据句意可知空格处应填the machines,同时the machines被described in this magazine修饰,可以用those替代,指代前文可数名词复数,表示特指,故填those。30考查代词。句意:接受调查的16个国家中,有一半的人表示,他们会先去找最亲密的朋友,分享自己最深的愿望和最黑暗的恐惧。分析句子结构可知,空后有后置定语“surveyed in 16 countries”, 故用th
24、ose指代 “被调查的那些人”,表示特指,故填those。31考查代词。句意:你如果要到报摊买今天的报纸,能不能帮我买一份?分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,本空的代词替代前面的可数名词paper(报纸),表示同类事物中的一个,故填one。32考查代词。句意:研究温迪的菜单,我发现许多项目类似于麦当劳。分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,这里用those来指代前文提到的“many of the items”,表示特指,故填those。33考查代词。句意:我讨厌有人把我桌上的学习资料弄得乱七八糟。分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,hate/like/dislike/appr
25、eciate等表示喜恶的动词不能直接跟宾语从句,要用it做形式宾语。故填it。34考查代词。句意:我们过去常误以为重的物体比轻的物体下落得快。根据句意可知,同类事物而非原事物的指代,单数用one,复数用ones,指代空前的heavy objects,故填ones。35考查代词。句意:他们将前往佛罗里达度蜜月,并计划一回来就把这张珍贵的照片裱起来。根据空后名词可知,空处填形容词性物主代词,再结合句意可知,此处指“他们的”蜜月,故填their。36考查代词。句意:这所小学校的教育质量比一些大学校的好。分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,在表示比较的句型中指代比较的事物,单数或不可数名词用th
26、at,复数用those,故填those。37考查代词。句意:她没有犹豫太久:尽管她父亲只是偶尔抽根烟斗,她知道这是一件一定会使他高兴的礼物。分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,此处him做动词please的宾语,故用宾格。故填him。38考查代词。句意:最后五分钟,没有人能找到自己的气球。根据空后名词可知,空处填形容词性物主代词,再根据句意可知,此处their own表示“他们自己的”,故用所有格形式。故填their。39考查代词。句意:我们珍惜每一个让自己走在正确道路上的机会。分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,再结合句意可知,宾语与主语为同一人或事物时,宾语用反身代词。故填ou
27、rselves。40考查代词。句意:如今,校园暴力是一个热点问题。我认为这是一个现象,一个呼吁我们给与更大关注的现象。分析句子结构可知,空处填代词,做phenomenon的同位语,再结合句意可知,指代一类事物中的一个,故用不定代词one,表示泛指,故填one。二、能力提升训练1All_ made_ possible for China to succeed in carrying out its open and reform policy.Athat happened; itBwhat happened; itCwhat happened; thatDthat happened; that【
28、答案】A【详解】考查定语从句和it用法。句意:发生的这一切使中国的改革开放政策得以成功实施。第一空,定语从句修饰先行词all,关系词在从句中作主语,且为不定代词,只能用that引导;第二空,为结构“make it adj. for sb. to do sth.”,it作形式宾语。故选A。2Doctors suggestions for dosage: _ tablet each day for two weeks.AeachBeveryConeDany【答案】C【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意:医生建议用量:每天一片,连续两周。A. each每一个,指两个或两个以上中间的每一个;B. every
29、每一个,只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个;C. one一个,表泛指;D. any任何,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。此处名词tablet表泛指,“一片”应用one。故选C。3The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do _ of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.AitBoneCthatDthose【答案】D【详解】考查代词。句意:一种文化的成员不像另一种文化的成员那样公开表达他们的情感,这
30、一事实并不意味着他们没有情感体验。分析句子可知,本句的主干为The fact does not mean that.,that they do not experience emotions是does not mean的宾语从句,The fact为主语,that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do _ of another为fact的同位语从句, 其中as do _ of another是状语从句,助动词do位于主语_ of another前形成倒装,因此_ of another要和 memb
31、ers of one culture对应,用代词those (members)。故选D项。4As they were educated by the same teacher, _was no wonder that they should do the work in a similar way.AthisBthatCthereDit【答案】D【详解】考查固定句型。句意:由于他们接受的是同一位老师的教育,他们以同样的方式做这项工作并不奇怪。表示“不足为奇;并不奇怪”句型为its no wonder that +从句,其中it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。故选D。5I coul
32、d appreciate _ if you could do me a favor.AitBthatCwhatDwhich【答案】A【详解】考查it的用法。句意:如果你可以帮助我,我将感激不尽。appreciate后接宾语从句时,常接it作形式宾语,再接宾语从句作真正的宾语。故选A项。6As far as Im concerned, he never breaks his word; you can rely on _ that hell come to meet you on time.AhimBitCyourselfDone【答案】B【详解】考查it的用法。句意:就我所知,他从不食言;你放
33、心,他会准时来见你的。分析句子可知,分号后面为宾语从句,rely on“依靠”后缺少宾语,“that hell come to meet you on time”为宾语从句,此处用代词it放在on前作形式宾语来指代宾语从句。故选B项。7_is necessary to learn English.AHowBThatCThisDIt【答案】D【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意:学英语很有必要。分析句子可知,本句不定式to learn English为真正的主语,由于不定式后置了,所以用it作形式主语,故选D。8Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for t
34、he poor children,_is quite unexpected.AthatBwhichCwhoDit【答案】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意:直到现在,我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了50 000英镑,这很出乎意料。which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子的内容,并在从句中作主语,可译为这件事。注意:that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。9Life comes in a package,_includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, and despair.AOneBwhatCone thatDthat【答案】C【详解】考查
35、代词和定语从句。句意:生活是一个包裹,其中包括快乐和悲伤,失败和成功,以及绝望。分析句子可知,此处先用one 代指a package,includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, and despair.是修饰one的定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是不定代词,故用关系代词that,故选C项。10_ in the regulations that you shouldnt tell other people the password of your e-mail account.AAs is requiredBIt is required
36、CIt requiresDWhat is required【答案】B【详解】考查固定句型和it做形式主语。句意:根据规定,你不应该告诉别人你电子邮件账户的密码。固定句式:It is required that“据要求,根据规定”,it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。故选B。11 I saw no more than one motor-car in that shop. Will you go and buy _? No, Id rather find _ in other shops.Aone, oneBit; itCone; itDit; one【答案】D【详解】
37、考查代词。句意:我在那家商店里只看到一辆汽车。 你会去买吗?不,我宁愿在其他商店找一辆。no more than one表示只有一步车,只能买那一部,故第一空填it;第二空表泛指,指代前文提到同类名词用one。故选D。12The step you have taken is _ much risk.Aone ofBthe one ofCthe oneDthat one【答案】B【详解】考查“介词 of+ 抽象名词”和代词的用法。句意:你所采取的步骤风险很大。空中所填的 the one代替前面的 the step。“be + of+ 抽象名词”结构表示“具有某方面的特征”。故选B。13It is
38、 immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over.AsinceBwhatCwhenDwhether【答案】D【详解】考查连词。句意:金融危机是否会很快结束现在就很清楚了。A.since既然;因为; B.what 什么; C.when 当时候;D.whether 是否。分析可知本句中it作形式主语,真正的主语是clear后的主语从句。主语从句本身不缺少任何成分,故可排除B、C。since引导原因状语从句,也可排除。故选D。14The average income of Gaoyou , though still well be
39、low _ of Nanjing , has been on the increase and is three times _it was in 2000.Aone ; thatBthe one; whichCthat ; whatDthose; how【答案】C【详解】考查代词和倍数表达法。句意:高邮市的人均收入虽然仍远低于南京市,但一直在增长,是2000年的三倍。第一空指“南京的人均收入”,用that指代同名异物;第二空属于倍数表达法之一:倍数+what it was,故选C。15Its extremely impolite to speak ill of your teacher af
40、ter_shes done for you.AsomethingBanythingCallDthat【答案】C【详解】考查代词。句意:你的老师为你做了一切,你还说她的坏话,这是非常不礼貌的。A. something某事;B. anything任何事;C. all一切;D. that那。句中用代词all在句中作先行词,在定语从句中作动词done的宾语,省略关系代词that,表示“她为你所做的一切”。故选C。16_ wise man is one good at learning, especially _ that is good at learning from failures.AA; on
41、eBThe; oneCA; the oneDThe; the one【答案】C【详解】考查冠词和代词。句意:聪明人善于学习,尤其是善于从失败中学习的人。第一空泛指“一个聪明人”,所以用不定冠词a;用one代替a wise man,第二空特指前句中的wise man,所以用the one。故选C。17I need to buy a new MP4 and cell phone, but I cant afford_.AoneBthatCitDthe one【答案】A【详解】考查代词辨析。句意:我需要买一个新的MP4和一个手机,但我买不起。A. one一个(泛指);B. that那个;C. it那
42、个;D. the one那一个。根据句意可知,此处没有特指是哪一个,应用one表泛指,即同类中的某一个,泛指上文提到的名词“MP4 and cell phone”。故选A。18 I saw just one motor-car in that shop. Will you go and buy _? No, Id rather find _ in other shops.Aone, oneBit; itCone; itDit; one【答案】D【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意:我在那家商店只看到一辆汽车。你会去买它吗?不,我想在别的商店买一辆。第一空指代上文的“one motor-car”可知,
43、此处指代同类同物,需用it代指;第二空表示“泛指一辆汽车”,需用代词one指代。故选D。19I find _ necessary to do everything we can _ protect the environment.Ait; doBthis is; do toCit; toDit; in order that【答案】C【详解】考查形式主语和非谓语动词。句意:我认为做我们能做的一切来保护环境是必要的。整个句中,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为不定式 to do everything we can 。分析句子结构可知,do是谓语动词,everything we can是宾语,后省略动词d
44、o,后接不定式作目的状语。故选C。20I dont know whether I should take the job or not, Mum.I leave _to your own judgment.AthatBitCthisDwhat【答案】B【详解】考查代词辨析。句意:妈妈,我不知道我是否应该接受这份工作。我把它留给你自己判断。A. that 那个,指示代词;B. it 它;C. this 这个,指示代词;D.what 什么。根据句意可知,此处指代上文提到的“whether I should take the job or not”这件事情,用代词it,作及物动词leave的宾语。故
45、选B项。21It is that the industrial cities of the nineteenth century in England do not attract visitors.Aa pityBthe pityCpityDpities【答案】A【详解】考查固定句型。句意:遗憾的是,英国19世纪的工业城市并没有吸引游客。it is a pity that.意为“遗憾的是.”,为固定句型。故选A。22_ has been argued that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.AWhatBThatCIt
46、DAs【答案】C【详解】考查it用法。句意:有人认为天赋异禀的孩子应该被分到特殊班级。此处为句型“it has been argued that”,表示“有人认为”,it做形式主语,that从句为真正主语。故选C。23The new online library makes_ possible for students to choose books by smart Phone off campus.AthisBoneCthatDit【答案】D【详解】考查代词。句意:新的在线图书馆使学生可以在校外通过智能手机选择书籍。分析句子可知, to choose books by smart Phon
47、e off campus在句中作make的宾语,这里使用代词it作形式宾语指代真正的宾语,make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.是固定句型,意为“使做某事对于某人来说.”。故选D项。24New channels of communication have made possible to speak instantly to someone living far away.AallBthatCthisDit【答案】D【详解】考查代词it的用法。句意:新的交流渠道使与住在远方的人立即交谈成为可能。分析句子可知,空处作have made的宾语,真正的宾语为“to s
48、peak instantly to someone living far away”,因此,此处用代词it作形式宾语。故选D项。25Their food is adequate. It includes meat at least_, vegetables and fruit.Aevery other dayBevery second daysCevery other daysDevery two day【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语。句意:他们的食物足够。至少每隔一天吃肉,蔬菜和水果。表示“每隔一天”短语为every other day,表示“每隔两天”短语为every two days,e
49、very second day表示“每两天”。综合选项可知,只有A选项表达正确。故选A。26You may depend on_that they will look after your daughter when you are away.AthemBthisCherDit【答案】D【详解】考查代词。句意:你可以相信,你不在时他们会照顾你的女儿。分析句子可知,that从句为介词on的宾语,是宾语从句,因此设空处是用来指代that从句,作形式宾语的,应用代词it,故选D。27_ is said that stress can cause illness.AThatBItCThisDWhat【
50、答案】B【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意:据说压力会导致疾病。句中涉及句型“It is said that”,意为“据说”,It在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,故空格处应用It。故选B项。28_is required that under no circumstances _he betray his motherland even if there are temptations like money or beauty.AWhat; canBIt; couldCIt; shouldDWhat; could【答案】C【详解】考查主语从句和倒装。句意:要求他在任何情况下都不应
51、该背叛他的祖国,即使有金钱或美丽等诱惑。此处为固定句型It is required that sb./sth. should do.“要求某人/某事做.”,此处it作形式主语,that引导主语从句,且从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部分为(should) do ;从句中,状语under no circumstances “决不”置于句首,所在句子需要部分倒装,将情态动词should置于主语he之前。故选C项。29_ is known to us all that ancient China had four major inventions, including the compass, the pri
52、nting technique, the explosive and the paper-making technology.AThereBAsCWhatDIt【答案】D【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意:众所周知,中国古代有四大发明,包括指南针、印刷术、炸药和造纸技术。此处是句型It is known to all that,其中it作形式主语,指代后面的真正的主语从句that ancient China had four major inventions, including the compass, the printing technique, the explosive and the
53、 paper-making technology. 故选D项。30_ is a pity _ you didnt attend the lecture last night. It was wonderful.AWhat; thatBIt; thatCWhat; whyDIt; why【答案】B【详解】考查固定句型。句意:很遗憾,你昨晚没去听讲座。那太美妙了。此处为句型“It is a pity that.”,表示“遗憾的是”,it作形式主语,that引导主语从句是真正的主语,从句句意完整,成分齐全,that不做成分,仅起引导作用,选B。31Is it necessary us some ph
54、otos before saving the old man?Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.Aof; takingBfor; takingCof; to takeDfor; to take【答案】D【详解】考查固定句型。句意:在救这位老人之前,我们有必要拍一些照片吗?是的,有必要。如果我们这样做,我们可以保护自己。表示“某人有必要做某事”句型为it is necessary for sb. to do sth.,it作形式主语,不定式为真正主语。故选D。32What do you think of learning Engli
55、sh?_is a challenging task to learn a foreign language,I think.AThisBThatCItDWhat【答案】C【详解】考查it的特殊用法。句意:你对学习英语有什么看法?我认为学习一门外语是一项具有挑战性的任务。分析句子的结构可知:句子的主语为to learn a foreign language,设空处在句中作形式主语。应用It,故答案为C。33Ray is a new graduate, and _ seems that he has difficulty in dealing with _ problems arise.Awhat
56、, whicheverBwhat, wheneverCit, whateverDit, wherever【答案】C【详解】考查it和名词性从句。句意:Ray刚刚大学毕业,他似乎很难处理任何出现的问题。分析句子可知,第一空应用it作形式主语,seems后面的that引导真正的主语从句,it seems that“似乎”;第二空是宾语从句,arise是不及物动词,分析句子可知,此处需要一个地点状语,故用wherever引导符合语境。综上所述,故选C项。34_ doesnt really matter whether you win or lose. As long as you have trie
57、d your best, you wont regret.AWhatBThisCThatDIt【答案】D【详解】考查形式主语。句意:你赢还是输并不重要。只要你尽力了,你不会后悔的。在这句话中真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句,为了避免头重脚轻,所以用it作形式主语。故此题选D。35_ is known to us that the Amber Room belongs to the Russians.AAsBWhichCItDWhat【答案】C【详解】考查it做形式主语。句意:我们知道琥珀屋是俄国人的。句中that the Amber Room belongs to the Russia
58、ns.是主语从句,用it做形式主语。故选C。36He is rich and brave. _ is no wonder he is popular with girls.AThereBThatCItDWhat【答案】C【详解】考查固定句型。句意:他有钱而且很有胆量。难怪他很受女孩子欢迎。It is no wonder that意思是“难怪,怪不得”,是一个固定的常用句型。it 作形式主语。故选C。37I hate _ when people eat with their mouths full.AthatBtheseCitDthem【答案】C【详解】考查代词。句意:我讨厌人们吃东西时嘴里塞满
59、东西。表示爱憎类的动词如:like/love/hate/dislike或appreciate, rely on和see to等其后加宾语从句时,此时一般先用it做其形式宾语,其后再接that/when等引导的宾语从句。故选C。38People felt _impossible for man to fly into outer space some years ago.AthatBwhatCitDthis【答案】C【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意:几年前,人们觉得人类不可能飞入外层空间。A. that那个,常指代前面的名词;B. what什么;C. it指代前面的同类同物;D. this这个。
60、felt后缺少形式宾语,其真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to fly into outer space some years ago。英语中常用it作形式宾语来代替后面的动词不定式。故选C。39_ is generally agreed that people should love and protect the environment.AThatBAsCWhichDIt【答案】D【详解】考查it做形式主语。句意:人们普遍认为人们应该热爱和保护环境。本句的主语为形式主语 it 代替后面的真正主语 that 从句:It is generally agreed that.“人们普遍认为.”故选D。
61、40Will you see to _ that my birds are looked after well while Im away?AthemByourselfCitDme【答案】C【详解】考查代词。句意:你能保证在我离开期间照顾好我的小鸟吗?see to it that 是固定用法,意思是“负责、照顾某事”。it在此是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的that从句。其他代词无此用法。故选C。三、真题实战演练(语法填空)1、(2021年新高考八省联考)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61 (she), e
62、verything in good taste and in perfect order. 【解析】考查代词。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。根据句意可知,此处意为“她自己”,可知此处考查反身代词;提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。2、 (2021年全国高考乙卷)Ecotourism has 63 (it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. 【解析】考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知,此处形容词性物主代词来修饰
63、名词origin。故填its。3、 (2021年新高考I卷)and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in 64 (I).【解析】考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitors memory”可知,本句为does指代前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。4、 (2020年海南高考)Readers are e
64、ncouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of65 (we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.【解析】考查代词。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resources section,前用形容词性物主代词。故填our。5、 (2020年全国高考)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simu
65、lations (模拟) and imagine 67 (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。6、(2020年全国高考)Data about the moons composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。