1、Unit 4Living with technology.阅读理解A2022潍坊市高考模拟考试Of the estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard the Titanic when it struck an iceberg and sank on April 15, 1912, a mere 700 people lived on. Here is a story of the Titanic survivors whose stories are still haunting more than a century after the ships
2、 sinking, revealing the true facts of the disaster.A junior wireless officer aboard the Titanic, Harold Bride was one of the two people responsible for sending SOS messages to nearby ships, thus allowing the Carpathia to rescue the Titanic survivors.He and another man on duty, Jack Phillips, raced t
3、o send SOS signals to nearby ships but as the communications specialists, they knew that the closest, the Carpathia, would likely not arrive until the Titanic sank. They worked wildly until Captain Edward Smith came and told them they were relieved of duty; the ship had nearly lost power, and only t
4、wo lifeboats remained.They made a run for Collapsible B and were just getting it into the water when a wave swept across the deck (甲板), throwing both Harold Bride and the upturned boat into the ocean.Bride and 15 others struggled into the waterlogged, sinking Collapsible B and survived until other l
5、ifeboats collected them and conveyed them to the Carpathia.Once aboard the Carpathia, Bride got back to work and began helping the ships wireless officer send messages from the other Titanic survivors.When the Carpathia made it to land, Bride had to be carried ashore: he had injured one foot in the
6、plunge into the ocean, and the other was frostbitten after a night in the Atlantics icy waters.1Which can replace the underlined word “haunting” in Paragraph 1?AConfusing. BUnforgettable.CRomantic. DContradictory.2What was Brides job on the Titanic during the accident?ARescuing the Titanic survivors
7、.BInvestigating the problems of the Titanic.CSending signals to ships around for help.DReceiving SOS signals from nearby ships.3What happened to Bride after he was dismissed from his duty?AHe stayed there to continue his work.BHe escaped in a lifeboat immediately.CHe turned off the power of the Tita
8、nic.DHe was washed into the sea by a wave.4Which of the following best describes Bride?AResponsible and helpful.BIntelligent and brave.CTough and ambitious.DConsiderate and humble.B2022广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)What makes people so special? Tool use, selfconsciousness, language, and culture are high on the l
9、ist, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas (大猩猩) have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they
10、see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as the humans exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well.Among the invertebrates, octopuses (章鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled
11、predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are largebrained, longliving, socialgroupbased predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to humanlike culture and awareness.Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have lear
12、ned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), wi
13、th some families grandmother, mother, and daughter all feeding in this highly specialized way.Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual.
14、 Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.5The example of gorillas
15、 rejecting carrots shows they _.Aare not easy to foolBprefer fruit to vegetablesChave a special taste for foodDhave an awareness of equality6What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins?ASocial interaction. BIntelligence.CToolusing ability. DFunloving spirit.7What makes dolphin culture special?AThe
16、y tend to hunt in groups.BTheir hunting skills are passed down.CTheir learning environment is favourable.DTheir families are typically femalecontrolled.8What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ADolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.BDolphins are as intelligent as a typica
17、l 18monthold human baby.CDolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced nonhuman species.DDolphins ability to recognize their own reflection is a higherorder mental skill.语法填空2022成都市第三次诊断It seems that people in Western countries are becoming increasingly 1._ (worry) about the side effects of d
18、rugs, and are turning to various 2._ (treatment) such as yoga, reflexology and acupuncture (针刺疗法) to complement, or sometimes even replace Western medicine.3_ event in my life three or four years ago made me examine my own attitude towards alternative medicine. After 4._ (suffer) from insomnia (失眠)
19、for a few months, I was feeling mentally and physically exhausted. My friend Tony, who 5._ (study) acupuncture at a college near London at the time, suggested that I visit an acupuncturist. Since I had a fear of needles, I was 6._ (willing) to take his advice. But that time I was so tired that I was
20、 prepared to try almost anything.I made an 7._ (appoint) with the acupuncturist in my area and turned up at his room the following morning. After taking my pulse, looking at my tongue, and asking a few questions 8._ my diet and lifestyle, the acupuncturist correctly reasoned that I was worn out. I f
21、ound this extremely impressive since he hadnt asked me 9._ I had come to see him. He then inserted a needle in my right foot between my first and second toe, and, despite my anxiety, I fell asleep 10._ (immediate). At the time I considered the whole experience to be close to a miracle.课时作业(二十).阅读理解A
22、语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我个人经历Titanic幸存者逃生【语篇解读】1912年4月15日，豪华巨轮Titanic撞上冰山而沉没，船上大约2 224名乘客和船员中只有700人幸存。文中讲述了其中一名幸存者Bride令人难忘的逃生故事。1答案与解析：B考查理解词汇的能力。根据文章第一段中的“more than a century after the ships sinking”可知，距离沉船事件已经有100多年了，因此是令人难忘的。故选B。2答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“Harold Bride was one of the two people responsi
23、ble for sending SOS messages to nearby ships”可知，Bride主要负责给附近的船只发送SOS信号。故选C。3答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段最后一句和第四段可知，他们跑向Collapsible B，正要跳进水里，这时一个浪横扫甲板，把他们冲到了海里。故选D。4答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。从文中第三段中的“They worked wildly”和第六段“Once aboard the Carpathia，Bride got back to work and began helping the.survivors.”可推知，他是负责任的
24、并且热心的。故选A。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然人与动物海洋动物与人类的相似之处【语篇解读】除了大猩猩、黑猩猩等陆地动物外，某些海洋动物身上也有与人类相似的特征，海豚就是其中之一。5答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干中的gorillas定位到文章的第一段。由第一段中的“have a sense of fair play”可知答案。故选D。6答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干中octopuses和dolphins定位到文章第二段。由第二段中的“But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack cu
25、lture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are largebrained, longliving, socialgroupbased predators”可知，章鱼缺少的是社会交往能力。故选A。7答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据文章第三段中的“what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on”“Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep fish hiding on the ocean
26、 floor. This ability is handed down through generations”可知，海豚会把捕食的技能传给下一代。故选B。8答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。由最后一段中的“Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror.”及“Even in humans，the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not
27、occur before the age of 18 months.”可推知，海豚能够在镜子中识别自己的能力属于高级思维能力。故选D。【技巧点拨】解答推断题时需注意：不能选原文中有直接叙述的选项；不能选含有绝对化表达的选项；不能选过度推断的选项。本题中的A项、B项属于过度推断，在原文中没有对应的依据；C项含有绝对化的表达。.语法填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我个人经历针灸的神奇作用【语篇解读】西方人似乎越来越担心药物的副作用，于是便寻求瑜伽、针灸等疗法。本文叙述了作者的经历：因遭受失眠的困扰，作者在朋友的建议下接受了针灸治疗，认为整个经历几乎是个奇迹。1答案与解析：worried考查形容
28、词。become用作系动词，后接形容词；该从句的主语是people，故用形容词worried。2答案与解析：treatments考查名词的单复数。treatment当“治疗，疗法”讲时可作可数名词，根据空前的various可知，该处指“各种不同的疗法”，故用复数形式。3答案与解析：An考查冠词。该处泛指三四年前发生在“我”身上的一件事，故用不定冠词；event为读音以元音音素开头的单词，故用An。4答案与解析：suffering考查动名词。介词后接动名词，根据介词After可知，空处用动名词形式。5答案与解析：was studying考查动词的时态。根据“at the time”可知，此处表示
29、的是正在发生的动作，故用进行时态；根据该句中的“suggested”可知，该句用过去进行时。该句意为：“我”的朋友托尼当时正在伦敦附近的一所学院学习针灸，他建议“我”去看一名针灸师。6答案与解析：unwilling考查词形转换。根据该句中的“I had a fear of needles”可知，由于作者害怕针，所以他不愿意接受朋友的建议。故用unwilling，表示“不愿意的”。7答案与解析：appointment考查名词。冠词后接名词，根据空前的不定冠词an可知，空处应用名词形式。appointment意为“预约，约定，约会”。8答案与解析：about考查介词。根据语境可知，该处表示询问“我”一些关于饮食和生活方式的问题。about意为“关于”。9答案与解析：why考查宾语从句。根据语境可知，该句意为：“我”觉得这非常令人印象深刻，因为他没有问过“我”为什么来见他。故用why引导宾语从句。10答案与解析：immediately考查副词。副词修饰动词，空处修饰动词短语fall asleep，故用副词形式。
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