1、南宁市2022高考英语一轮（暑假） 阅读理解训练（12）及答案阅读理解主旨大意Passage* (典型例题海卷) Transportation and communication networks bring people together. Yet sometimes people themselves create barriers (障碍) to transportation and communication. In some countries, laws stop people from moving freely from place to place. Over the cen
2、turies, many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race, religion, or nationality. In the Middle Ages, for example, Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities. South Africas government used to require black Africans to carry passes when th
3、ey travel within the country. Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move. Countries set up customs posts at their borders. Foreign travellers must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in t
4、he country. Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas (签证). Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year. Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the country, or they may require that travellers be with an official guide a
5、t all times during their stay. Many of those harriers to travel also act as barriers to communication. When two governments disagree with each other on important matters, they usually do not want their citizens to exchange news or ideas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial info
6、rmation secret.Today, people have the ability to travel, to communicate, and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever be- fore. Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily. The harriers that people themselves make are not so ea
7、sy to overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers, people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas. 1. The examples in Paragraph 2 are used to tell the readers that_. A. people have been allowed to travel freely within the country B. people have not been permitt
8、ed to travel freely for various reasons C. travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas D. customs posts are .necessary at the borders of the countries 答案: B 指导：这是一道细节推断题。第二段例子说明由于种种原因与可不允许自由地旅游。2. Some governments limit the freedom of communication because_. A. they intend to
9、 keep their national secrets unknown to others B. they think such freedom will lead to wars C. they often disagree with each other on important matters D. they want to show their authority over communication 答案: A 指导：这是一道细节推断题。第三段Countriesoftentry to keep military or industrial information secret”说明
10、政府限制通信自由的原因是防止泄密。3. We may learn from the passage-that _. A. people do not care about the removal of harriers between countries B. people can not remove the obstacles made by themselves C. man-made harriers are sometimes harder to overcome than natural onesD. barriers should be taken for granted as
11、they always exist 答案: C 指导：这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一段The barriers that people them selve smake are not So easy too ver come可推断出人为造成的障碍要比天然障碍难以克服。4. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage? A. Barriers Made by People B. Functions of CommunicationC. Restrictions on Transportation 答案: A
12、 指导，这是一道主旨题。根据短文内容可确定其题目应为Barriers Madeby People*结束阅读理解主旨大意Passage* (典型题) Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson River must remember the Catskill Mountains. They are a branch of the great Appalachian family, and can be seen to the west rising up to a noble height and towering over the surrounding c
13、ountry. When the weather is fair and settled, they are clothed in blue and purple, and print their beautiful shapes on the clear evening sky, but sometimes when it is cloudless, gray steam gathers around the top of the mountains which, in the last rays of the setting sun, will shine and light up lik
14、e a crown of glory(华丽的皇冠). At the foot of these mountains, a traveler may see light smoke going up from a village, In that village, and in one of the houses (which, to tell the exact truth, was sadly timeworn and weather-beaten), there lived many years ago, a simple, good-natured fellow by the name
15、of Rip Van Winkle. Rips great weakness was a natural dislike of all kinds of money-making labor. It could not be from lack of diligence (勤劳) ,for he could sit all day on a wet rock and fish without say- lng a word, even though he was not encouraged by a single bite. He would carry a gun on his shoul
16、der for hours, walking through woods and fields to shoot a few birds or squirrels. He would never refuse to help a neighbor, even in the roughest work. The women of the village, too, used to employ him to do such little jobs as their less helpful husbands would not do for them. In a word. Rip was re
17、ady to attend to everybodys business but his own.If left to himself, he would have whistled (吹口哨) life away in perfect satisfaction but his wife was always mad at him for his idleness (懒散). Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was endlessly going, so that he was forced to escape to the outside of th
18、e house the only side which, in truth, belongs to a henpecked husband. 1. Which of the following best describes the Catskill Mountains? A. They are on the west of the Hudson River. B. They are very high and beautiful in this area. C. They can be seen from the Appalachian family. D. They gather beaut
19、iful clouds in blue and purple. 答案: B 指导：本文第一段第二句说明了Catskill山脉之高；第三句说明了其美丽。因此B为最佳选项。2. The hero of the story is probably _. A. hard-working and likes all kinds of work B. idle and hates all kinds of jobs C. simple, idle but very dutiful D. gentle, helpful but a little idle 答案: D 指导：文章倒数第三段中说明了Rip的ge
20、ntle(从文中的good-natured可看出)；倒数第二段最后一句说明其helpful；倒数第一段第二句说明其idle.3. The underlined words henpecked husband in the last paragraph probably means a man who_. A. likes hunting B. is afraid of hens C. loves his wife D. is afraid of his wife答案：D 指导：通过最后一段可知由于Rip的懒散，妻子不满意，天天抱怨，所以他被迫躲到外面。做此题还要正确理解which所引导的非限制
21、性定语从句的作用之一是补充说明前面的先行词。 4. What would be the best title for the text? A. Catskill Mountains. B. A Mountain Village. C. Rip Van Winkle. D. A Dutiful Husband.答案: C 指导：本文开头先为介绍本文所要讲述的故事提供了一个背景，然后进入正题，所以这道题目出得很妙。*结束 阅读理解-细节事实Passage 5 When Lewis and Clark stepped onto the Weippe Prairie in present-day Id
22、aho in September 18典型例题y met the Nez Perce Indians. In the following years, the white explorers (探险者) began fight with the Indians or their land. Some Nez Perce chiefs signed agreements with the U. S. government, selling part of their lands. But the government always broke those a- greements and dem
23、anded more land.Other chiefs refused to go along with the governments plans. The most famous was Chief Joseph, whose people lived in the Wallowa Valley (present-day Oregon). In order to have all people understand how much land we owned, he once explained, my father planted poles around it and said.
24、Inside is the home of my people . It circl ed aroundthe graves (坟墓) of our fathers, and we will never give up these graves to any man. But in 1874, the U. S. government declared the valley open for white settlement and ordered the Nez Perce onto a res- ervation(保留地). Seeing that resistance was usele
25、ss. Chief Jo seph agreed to move.Later, fighting broke out between the Nez Perce and U. S. soldiers. Chief Joseph tried to lead his people to Canada, winning several battles against the soldiers during their flight. But finally, he was forced to give in. 1. Which historic site (on the map) lies in t
26、he south of todays Nez Perce Reservation? A. Buffalo Eddy. B. Dug Bar. C. Joseph Canyon Viewpoint. D. Chief Looking Glass Camp. 答案: D 指导：此题为识图题。首先要审清题目，注意题干中的关键词historic site，in the south，然后再观察地图及图例，很容易判断D项为正确答案。2. What can we learn about the Nez Perce lands from the map? A. They were in the state o
27、f Oregon. B. They have become a historic site C. They have become much smaller. D. They were limited to the wallowa Valley. 答案: C 指导：根据地图中图例部分第一项、第二项，可以看出1855年Nez Perce lands的范围比当今Nez Perce Reservation的范围要大得多。由此可判断C项为正确答案。3. From Paragraph 3, we know that the Indians wanted to_. A. show oft their land B. keep their land C. turn their place into a graveyard D. build their homes around the poles答案: B 指导：本段引述了NezPerce人的某一头领Joseph的话，他说到，“为了让所有的人明白我们过去拥有多少土地，我父亲在领地周围种了些植物作为标志，并且说标志里就是我们的家园”由此可以看出那些印第安人的目的就是要维护自己的土地。*结束- 6 -
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