1、高考题型重组练(八).阅读理解A2019大连高三一模Rich as a King William ， who conquered England some 950 years ago, had wealth, power and an army. Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet (抽水马桶), paper towels, or a riding lawn mower (割草机). How did he get_by? Histor
2、y books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me. I have storm windows, Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great, but he couldnt buy cat food. Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw. Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, youd thin
3、k Id be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my wealth with that of living persons: neighbors, school classmates, famous TV people. The greed I feel toward my friend Howards new kitchen is not reduced by the fact that no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors. There is r
4、eally no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about. Youd think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood, but no, we want a hot bath too. Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by tod
5、ays standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of many investment bankers, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean. Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers fancy counter tops and
6、my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby. I cant keep up with my neighbors right now. But just wait.体裁：议论文题材：社会生活主题：知足常乐【语篇解读】该文主要通过同富有的古人对比启迪读者：生活没有必要攀比，要知足常乐。【难句分析】The greed I feel toward my friend Howards new kitchen is not reduced by the fact that no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass
7、doors.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“I feel toward my friend Howards new kitchen”是一个定语从句，关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语而被省略，修饰先行词The greed; that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，对the fact的内容进行解释说明。译文：我对我的朋友Howard的新厨房的垂涎并没有因为之前所有的国王都没有一个带玻璃门的冰箱这样一个事实而有所减弱。1What does the underlined phrase “get by” in the first paragraph mean?ASucceed as a
8、 king. BDeal with complaints.CLive in a satisfactory way. DGet some extra money.答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句“Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, youd think Id be content”，并结合对第一段第二句的理解可推知，没有现代这些便利的生活设备，富有的威廉一世如何才能生活得称心如意呢？由此可推知，画线短语表示“以一种令人满意的方式生活”，故选C。2How many historical figu
9、res are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present?A3. B4.C5. D6.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据对第一段和第二段的理解可知，古今生活对比中作者列举了四个历史人物，他们分别是： William ， Croesus, Alexander the Great和Czar Nicholas。3According to the passage, the author intends to _.Atell us to be content with lifeBwarn us to live in a simple wayCte
10、ach us to learn lessons from lifeDencourage us to struggle for wealth答案与解析：A考查写作意图。根据文章的标题Rich as a King，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，作者通过古今生活对比，告诉我们要知足常乐。4Whats the authors attitude towards life?ADoubtful. BOptimistic.CUncaring. DCautious.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后两段，尤其是最后一段最后两句“I cant keep up with my neighbors right no
11、w. But just wait”可推知，作者对生活持乐观的态度。B2019长春市质量监测一 Pangolins (穿山甲) are strangelooking creatures, covered with hard scales (鳞). They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies. Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people. A
12、 screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread. A few days later, people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals, including pangolins. Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg. Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed. Accor
13、ding to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), more than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years. It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world. In September 2016, the IUCN added the pangolin to the worlds “endangered animals li
14、st”. They are now more endangered than pandas. A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in number. Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious. Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities. However, their scales are made of
15、 keratin (角蛋白), the same material human fingernails are made of. Luckily, the situation is getting better. World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year. Its a day to help people know more about pangolins. The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China.
16、 Breaking this law is regarded as a crime, and the trade of pangolins across the world is also not allowed, according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.体裁：说明文题材：新闻报道主题：保护濒危动物穿山甲【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了穿山甲濒临灭绝的现状，以及为保护穿山甲而采取的举措。【难句分析】A few days later, people were ang
17、ered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals, including pangolins.分析：这是一个简单句。句中有动名词短语作定语修饰pictures，以及现在分词短语作宾补。译文：几天后，人们再次被几张照片激怒，照片显示人们在吃保护动物，其中包括穿山甲。5Pangolins have caught peoples attention these years because _.Athey look strangeBthey appear in some moviesCthey are killed and ea
18、ten by peopleDthey have something to do with pandas答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“attention”和“these years”，我们把答案定位在第二段。该段开头说，穿山甲近来成为中国人关注的焦点，然后提到一张屏幕截图和一些图片里，穿山甲成为人们的盘中珍馐，这与C项的描述是一致的。6What can we learn from the passage?APangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies.BMore than 1 million pangolins were
19、 killed or sold last year.CPangolins were named the most endangered animal in 2016.DThe pangolin is a kind of mammals.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第三段内容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一种哺乳动物。故选D项。7The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to _.Aattract people to the zoo to wat
20、ch pangolinsBlift peoples awareness of protecting pangolinsCremind people of pangolins medical valueDexplain the law to people答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据题干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我们把答案定位在最后一段。该段主要陈述为保护穿山甲而采取的举措，而这个节日能让人们更多地了解穿山甲，从而提高人们保护穿山甲的意识，故B项符合题意。8What might be the authors attitude towards the measures tak
21、en to protect pangolins?APositive. BNegative.CDisappointed. DUnconcerned.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段内容可知，中国政府禁止任何人购买和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止买卖穿山甲，局面正在好转。由此可推知作者觉得这些措施是有效的，因此选A。.七选五2019长沙一模It is not as simple as opening the door and hitting the track in winter. There are a few things you can do to ensure you are gett
22、ing the most out of your run and, importantly, not doing more harm than good.Warm up, cool down_1_. Your muscles need some time to warm up when its cold, so take it easy when you set off and do a few stretches once youre finished.Drink waterYou might not feel hot, but thats because sweat evaporates
23、(蒸发) more quickly into the chilly, dry air. So be sure to drink water before, during and after coldweather workouts. _2_. A belt bottle conveniently attaches to your waist so you dont have to carry it and can have a drink whenever you feel like it._3_.Running in cotton is a bad idea. Wear thin, brea
24、thable layers of synthetic (合成的) clothing that help protect you from the wind and snow, but still let out heat and moisture. Thirty percent of your body heat escapes through your hands and forty percent through your head. Wear a hat, or beanie (无檐小便帽), and gloves so your circulatory system can distr
25、ibute warm blood to the rest of your body. _4_.Run into the wind_5_. Obviously, it will be an easier passage home with some extra help from Mother Nature. But, more importantly, you wont have the wind in your face for the second half of your run, when you are more likely to be sweating and catch a c
26、hill.ADress rightBKeep warmCDont go too fast, too soonDStart and finish in the same wayEDont wait to drink water until you feel thirstyFHead out into the wind and come home with it at your backGOn really cold days, wear a mask or scarf over your mouth to protect your face体裁：说明文题材：日常活动主题：冬季室外跑步的注意事项【
27、语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冬季室外跑步的一些注意事项，包括做好热身运动、注意饮水以及穿合适的衣物等。1答案与解析：C根据该段小标题Warm up, cool down以及空后的“Your muscles need some time to warm up”可知，C项符合语境。2答案与解析：E根据段落小标题Drink water并结合空前一句“So be sure to drink water before, during and after coldweather workouts”可知，E项“不要等到感到口渴的时候才喝水”符合语境，衔接上文。3答案与解析：A根据空处所在位置以及文
28、章结构可知，空处为段落小标题；通读该段可知，本段主要是讲跑步时的穿着，故选A项。4答案与解析：G空处所在段讲的是冬季室外跑步的着装要求，故G项与此处匹配。5答案与解析：F根据本段的小标题Run into the wind并结合空后一句可知，跑步回家时顺着风，让风在你背后推着你走，故F项符合语境。.短文改错2019黑龙江省六校一模Recently, my mother was always busy but she only made a small sandwich for my lunch that day. Get to school, I saw our old gatekeepers
29、who didnt have breakfast. Without hesitation, I offered the sandwich him, which he gladly accepted. From this experience, I realize that when we shared, even when we dont have much, we are sharing something great than it is. When I told Mom what she did, she praised me and encouraged me to keep goin
30、g. Now, with a loving care, Mom prepares a nutritious lunch for me to take to school each morning. Additional, she prepares some extra food so that I can share with whomever is in need along the way.答案与解析：Recently, my mother was always busy bu she only made a small sandwich for my lunch that day. Ge
31、 to school, I saw our old gatekeeper who didnt have breakfast. Without hesitation, I offered the sandwich him, which he gladly accepted. From this experience, I realize that when we share， even when we dont have much, we are sharing something grea than it is. When I told Mom what sh did, she praised
32、 me and encouraged me to keep going. Now, with loving care, Mom prepares a nutritious lunch for me to take to school each morning. Additiona， she prepares some extra food so that I can share with whomeve is in need along the way.but改为so。考查并列连词。由句意可知，“由于我妈妈最近很忙，那天她仅仅给我准备了一小份三明治作为午餐”，此处是因果关系，因此用so。Get
33、改为Getting。考查非谓语动词。此处指“到达学校时，我看到了我们年迈的门卫”，get与I是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作时间状语。gatekeepers改为gatekeeper。考查名词。根据下文的“him”和“he”可知，此处指的是一个门卫，故用名词单数。him前加to。考查介词。offer sth. to sb.表示“提供某物给某人”。shared改为share。考查时态。依据句意和句中的“realize”“dont”“are”可知，此处用一般现在时。great改为greater。考查比较级。根据比较级标志词“than”可知，此处用great的比较级形式。she改为I。考查代词。根据上文内容和句子逻辑关系可知，此处表示“我告诉妈妈我做了什么”，故用I。删除loving前的a。考查冠词。care作“照料，照顾”讲时是不可数名词，故删除a。Additional改为Additionally。考查副词。此处表示“此外”，作状语，要用副词。whomever改为whoever。考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，with后接一个名词性从句，连接代词在从句中作主语，且表示“的任何人”，故要用whoever。注意：whomever在从句中不能作主语。