1、江苏省2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试模拟试卷04（含解析）总分：120分；考试时间100分钟一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWe understand that in light of the latest government CORONAVIRUS TRAVEL ADVICE, your travel plans will be changing. To reflect this, some terms & conditions for refun
2、ding tickets or changing journeys are different to usual.Refunds on Unused Tickets for Travel You can apply for refunds up to four weeks from the last day that the ticket was valid. Unused Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets can be refunded and a service fee applies. Advance tickets are not
3、 refundable. Alternatively, you can change your ticket io travel at a later date See Changing Tickets or Requesting a Travel Voucher below. PLEASE NOTE that if the train you are booked on docs not ran or is canceled due to irresistible forces, refund： will be made on ALL TICKETS TYPES with no servic
4、e fee.If you are uncertain about travelling, you may wish to consider purchasing a more flexible ticket such as Anytime or Off-Peak - for travel.Changing Tickets or Requesting a Travel Voucher If you bought an Advance ticket before the National Lockdown was announced on 4lh January and will no longe
5、r be travelling, you should apply for a travel voucher or reschedule your journey free of charge. You need to do this be lore your first train departs and pay the difference if your new ticket is more expensive. Please note you will not be entitled to a travel voucher if your Advance ticket was purc
6、hased after 4lh Jan. Speak to the original retailer of your ticket for advice. Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets are more flexible and can be changed any time before you travel There is no fee to change these tickets. you will only need to pay any difference in fare.Refunding Season Ticke
7、tsUnexpired(未逾期的)Season Tickets can be submitted for refund at any time and train companies calculate how much is refunded by bow much value is left on your ticket, they do this by deducting (扣除)the value of any other tickets you could have travelled with in the same lime until you stopped using and
8、 return your Season Ticket Refunds can only be backdated with evidence that illness prevented you from travelling. (National Rail Conditions of Travel. Condition 40.4). To see how much you could get back from your Season Ticket, try the Season Ticket Refund Calculator below. For more information, in
9、cluding if you require a refund due to sickness that prevented you from using a Season Ticket see the link here, Customers can still claim refunds remotely online, minimizing contact between customers and staffs keeping everyone safer. Please see your retailers website for details.Travelling on Anot
10、her Train Companys Service In areas where there is cancellation, train companies may agree acceptance of tickets routed via another company For more details, please contact your rail service provider.1Passengers are entitled to their money back on_.AAnytime tickets completely free of chargeBOil-Peak
11、 tickets with no restrictionsCAdvance tickets for their train not runningDSuper Off-Peaks that went invalid for half a year2A Season ticket holds more refundable value only when_.Atrain companies refuse to calculate the value that is left on itByou formally apply to cease using the ticket and hand i
12、t backCyou use the Season Ticket Refund Calculator on the websiteDthe proof is given that you were unable to travel due to illness3We can learn from the passage that _ .AAdvance tickets purchased after Jan. 4th can also be rescheduledBpassengers with a fixed timetable are advised to buy Anytime tick
13、etsCsafer approaches to refund have been introduced to limit physical contactDservice from another train company is not available if your train get cancelledBA 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted
14、drinking water, drug addiction and other social problems has been named Time Magazines first-ever “Kid of the Year”. Rao told The Associated Press in an interview from her home that the prize is nothing that I could have ever imagined. And Im so grateful and just so excited that were really taking a
15、 look at the upcoming generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands.Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals. Rao insisted that starting out small doesnt matter, as long as youre passionate about it.She tol
16、d Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions. The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan, inspired her work to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone, she said. “I was li
17、ke 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab, and my mum was like, A what?” Rao told Jolie. She said that work is going to be in our generations hands pretty soon. “So if no one else is gonna do it, Im gonna d
18、o it.”In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness, the best way that a younger generation can better the world. “We have science in everything were involved in, and I think thats the biggest thing to put out there, that scien
19、ce is cool, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator.” Rao said, “Anybody can do science.”4What did Rao think of the award she received?AIt was a mark of social progress.BIt was a recognition of her work.CIt was an inspiration to the youth.DIt was a title beyond her expectation5Why would
20、Rao start to pursue science?ATo encourage people to aim high.BTo pursue her passion for research.CTo change the society for the better.DTo stop science from being questioned.6Which word can best describe Rao?ACool.BKind.CIndependent.DCreative.7Whats the purpose of the text?ATo report a young genius.
21、BTo introduce new inventions.CTo improve social conditions.DTo present artificial intelligence.CMiddle school is challenging for so many reasons academics become more difficult, schedules fill up with activities, and, in what might be the most challenging region for kids and parents alike, friendshi
22、ps change. Friendships change over time, not just because our children evolve, but because the very nature of friendship evolves with them. The best parents should learn to let go so that their children can succeed in their tween friendships.Early in childhood, our childrens friendships arise out of
23、 closeness and habit. We throw our kids into the sandbox with our friends kids, and this arrangement works for everyone. As kids get older, however, they begin to build emotional connections with friends based on similarity. Their shared interests, dreams, and goals begin to edge out mere convenienc
24、e. When they become tweens, friendships become much more complex, and for good reason. Tweens use friendships as a way to try on an identity. They begin to build friendships based on new priorities.All too often, the shifting sands of tween friendship result in broken hearts. Tweens feel abandoned a
25、nd betrayed as friends move back and forth between comfortable old relationships and exciting new ones. As any parent knows, our own personal heartache hurts, but the secondhand heartbreak we experience through our children is much more painful, mainly because its out of our control. The urge to med
26、dle, to save and heal, is powerful, and while meddling around in tween social contact may make us feel better, we must stay out of it.Tweens move from relationship to relationship, adopting this detail of a friends personality,abandoning that characteristic of another, until they have collected the
27、essential elements of their identity. Some relationships will survive this process, and some will not, but everyone is an important phase of the journey. We may not love every outfit our tweens try on, but its our job to be there when they emerge from the dressing room, when they do a little twirl a
28、nd wait for us to tell them how grown up they have become.8Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?AFriendship become complex in every period of time.BReasons for friendship building vary in different phases.CTweens begin to build friendships based on the new priorities.DImportant elements of fr
29、iendship are needed in childrens life.9What does the underlined words in paragraph 3 mean?AFriendships are out of control.BTweens feel abandoned and betrayed.CFriends move to exciting new relationships.DFriendships change from one to another among tweens.10What should parents do when tweens feel pai
30、nful about their social contact?AThey should blame them.BThey should help to bring their children under control.CThey should be there and support them.DThey should meddle around in tween social contact.11Which is the best title of the passage?AChange of relationships among tweensBParenting in friend
31、ships among tweensCHow to build friendships among tweensDThe nature of friendships among tweensDIt is one of the greatest mysteries of nature. In case you havent noticed, all living things follow very definite, individual rhythms, all as regular as a clock, but what makes them regular?Though many sc
32、ientists maintain that these rhythms are the result of some outside force like gravity or radiation or both, the results of most scientific researches agree with other scientists who believe that each living thing has its own built-in biological “time clock.”Take the mystery of migration for example
33、. Scientists cant really explain why many species of birds migrate in the autumn even though the temperature is still summery. The birds just seem to snub the comfortable weather that they are having. When a certain time comes, they travel south by the thousand. In spring time, they migrate northwar
34、ds when though there probably is snow still covering the ground when they finally arrive. Something said “go”, and they did.Animals that hibernate are obeying individual time clock, too. When their clock indicates the time to take a winters nap, they do, and nothing can stop them. At a certain time
35、in the spring, they wake up and come out regardless of the weather outside.Plants appear to have yearly rhythms, such as the sprouting(发芽)of seeds, and they also have daily rhythms. Notice sometimes that plants raise their leaves in daylight and lower them at night.If you live along the California c
36、oast, you can easily observe a demonstration of this mysterious clock functioning regularly. There, from February to September, the highest tides occur exactly every fourteen and four-fifths days, and during these high tides, but at no other time, small silvery fish called grunions surf-ride a wave
37、to the beach. There the female deposits her eggs in the sand and the male, fertilize them; then both hitch a wave-ride back to the sea. Exactly fourteen and four-fifths days later, never before or after, the tiny eggs hatch, and the high tide carries the new habits out to sea.12According to the pass
38、age, the mysterious rhythms result from _.Athe influence of gravity on living speciesBthe effect of radiation on living speciesCthe influence of a mysterious outer force on living speciesDthe internal mechanism inside the living species13The underlined word “snub” in the third paragraph probably mea
39、ns _.AfightBignoreCsymbolizeDcriticize14Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?AHibernating animals are obeying an internal time clock.BThe positioning of the leaves of some plants is due to the daily rhythms.CThe internal clock functioning is demonstrated in the reproducing habits of grunion
40、s.DThe yearly hibernation is more because of the weather influence than the biological functioning.15The passage is mainly about _.Athe rhythms of lifeBthe reasons of mysterious hibermationCstrange behaviors of speciesDthe timing for different events in the world of species二、七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分
41、）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Habits can be slow to form. 16 When workers headed home during the first lockdown of March 2020, they probably thought the break would last for a month or so. Had that been true, old routines would soon have restarted.It is now ten months since many employee
42、s have made a regular commute(通勤) into the office. New routines have taken root and those will be much harder to break. 17Research suggests that managers may spend 23 hours a week in meetings. 18 The pandemic could provide a wake-up call on meeting uselessness. 19 The convention of the daily commute
43、 and the standard working day has been abandoned. Self-isolating(自我隔离) workers have shown they will happily get on with their work，even when not under the eye of their boss. And if they decide to work at home on Fridays，they will no longer feel as guilty as they might have done before the pandemic.H
44、andling a combination of remote workers will require managers to acquire new habits. Ms Moschini says the key will be to develop empathic(共情) leadership that understands the varied working conditions of team members. 20At the start of the lockdown, she sent slippers to her team so they could feel co
45、mfortable working from home.AThis bad news has a silver lining.BBut not all new habits are welcome.CThis might involve sending small gifts.DBut when they do, they can become rooted.E.Permitting this flexibility makes perfect sense.F.The best habit developed during the pandemic is becoming flexible.G
46、.Cut that time in half and think of how much more might be achieved.三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从所提供的四个选项中选出最佳选项.Years ago I was 21 in the Himalayas and had made the mistake of changing a large amount of money into the local currency(货币). 22 I walked through the villages of the Annapurna, it soo
47、n became clear that the people were too 23 to supply even the simplest goods. They had nothing. This meant that it was no use carrying the wad(捆) of 24 in my pack and I was a virtual(虚拟的) walking millionaire compared to the local people. I grew to 25 the money and it was embarrassing to have it in m
48、y bag. This resulted 26 a remarkable experience that 27 me deeply and its effect has never left me.On this particular day I was left behind by fellow hikers and found myself in a valley. As I made myself down, I noticed a young girl around 28 some sheep. Like so many of the children of the amazing N
49、epalese people, she was very beautiful. I couldnt 29 looking at her and she looked at me. As I approached her she suddenly rushed over to me, and without a 30 , handed me a flower. She 31 at me for a tiny moment and then she ran away. The spirit in this lovely child had responded to something she sa
50、w in me and her first idea was to find something to 32 .Because of her 33 , there was nothing she had 34 a single flower. The weight of my bag was never heavier than at this moment and I had just received one of the most valuable 35 I had ever had in my life.21AcampingBtravellingChikingDcycling22AWh
51、enBBecauseCThoughDBefore23ArichBpoorCwiseDhonest24AclothesBflowersCmoneyDbricks25AlikeBdislikeCadoreDadmire26AinBfromCtoDfor27AencouragedBhurtCpersuadedDimpressed28AhurtingBgatheringCcaringDfeeding29AwaitBhelpCbearDtolerate30ApauseBsmileCvoiceDword31ArecognizedBshoutedCstaredDignored32AeatBorganizeC
52、offerDschedule33AanxietyBpovertyCmindDkindness34Aapart fromBbesidesCrather thanDmore than35AexperiencesBpresentsCchangesDfortune四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每小题1.5分，满分15分)Archaeologists have found something even more exciting in Sichuan Province, and the discovery was made at the Sanxingdui Ru
53、ins (三星堆遗址). The site36 (believe) to be the location of an ancient civilization active thousands of years ago.37 we are seeing now is one of the newly discovered sacrificial pits (祭祀坑) at the Sanxingdui Ruins. Sanxingdui, 38 (literal) meaning “three-star mounds” in Chinese, is about39 80-minute driv
54、e from Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province. In the 1980s, archaeologists determined that the three mounds were once part of a city wall that defended an ancient kingdom. 40（cover）12 square kilometers, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be remains of the ancient Shu Kingdom, which was act
55、ive over a period spanning 2,600 to 4,800 years ago.The first discovery here was a piece of jade (玉石) unearthed 41 accident by a farmer in 1929. In 1986, two sacrificial pits 42 (fill) with relics were discovered. On a press conference held just now, Chinese 43 (authority) announced that archaeologi
56、sts have found six more sacrificial pits at the Sanxingdui Ruins. The six newly-discovered pits sit next to the two discovered in 1986, 44 make up a sacred complex that would have been the site of sacrifices and prayer.Even today, many secrets are hidden in the Sanxingdui Ruins. But hopefully one da
57、y we can find out more about the 45 (mystery) ancient civilization that once lived here.五、提纲类作文(满分15分)462022年冬奥会将在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会完满成功, 组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华, 希望能成为其中一员。请用英文给组委会写一封申请信。内容包括：1个人情况；2自身优势；3服务承诺注意： 1. 词数100左右2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。Dear Sir/Madam, _Yours faithfully, Li H
58、ua六、读后续写(满分25分)47阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。注意1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Recently divorced(离婚），I was in my 20s,had no job and was on my way downtown to the employment offices. I had no umbrella, and I could not afford another one. I sat down in the streetcar-and there agains
59、t the seat was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle.I examined the handle and saw a name. The usual procedure would have been to turn in the umbrella to the conductor, but somehow I decided to take it with me and find the owner myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name on the u
60、mbrella and found it. I called and a lady answered.Yes, she said in surprise, that was her umbrella, which her parents, now dead, had given her for a birthday present. But,she added, it had been stolen more than a year before. She was so excited that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directl
61、y to her small house. She took the umbrella, her eyes filled with tears. We talked for a while, and I must have given her my address. I dont remember.The next six months were tough. My last job ended the day before Christmas and my thirty-dollarrent was soon due, and I had only fifteen dollars. When
62、 I walked from the streetcar to my small apartment, the air was full of the sound of Christmas merriment. But there should be no Christmas for me.Unless a miracle happened, I would be homeless in January, foodless, jobless.Peggy, my daughter, had proudly set our kitchen table for our evening meal an
63、d put pans out and three cans of food which would be our dinner. When I looked at those pans and cans, I felt broken-hearted. We would have only hamburgers for our Christmas dinner tomorrow. I stood in the cold little kitchen and the coldness in my heart was colder than ice.Paragraph 1:The doorbell
64、suddenly rang and Peggy ran swiftly to answer it,calling that it must be Santa Claus._Paragraph 2:Our dinner that night was he most delicious I had ever eaten._参考答案1C2D3C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在疫情期间退票或改程的一些条款和条件。1细节理解题。根据文章第三个黑点“ PLEASE NOTE that if the train you are booked on docs not ran or is canceled
65、 due to irresistible forces, refund： will be made on ALL TICKETS TYPES with no service fee.”（请注意，如果您在单据上预订的列车没有运行或由于不可抗拒的力量而被取消，所有类型的车票都将获得退款，不收取服务费。）可知，火车停运时，乘客有权凭预售票退票。故选C项。2细节理解题。根据倒数第四个黑点“Unexpired(未逾期的)Season Tickets can be submitted for refund at any time and train companies calculate how much
66、 is refunded by bow much value is left on your ticket, they do this by deducting (扣除)the value of any other tickets you could have travelled with in the same lime until you stopped using and return your Season. Refunds can only be backdated with evidence that illness prevented you from travelling. (
67、未到期的季票可以随时提交退款，火车公司通过你的车票上还剩多少钱计算退款多少，他们会扣除你在同一线路上可能使用的任何其他车票的价钱计算剩余的钱，直到你停止使用并退掉你的季票，只有有证据表明你因生病而不能旅行时，才能退钱。）”可知，只有当你证明你因病不能旅行时，季票才有更多的可退还价值。故选D项。3推理判断题。根据倒数第二个黑点“Customers can still claim refunds remotely online, minimizing contact between customers and staffs keeping everyone safer.”（客户仍然可以远程在线申请
68、退款，减少客户和员工之间的联系，确保每个人都更安全。）可知，为了限制身体接触，已经引入了更安全的退款方法。故选C项。4D5C6D7A【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了一位年仅15的孩子Rao被时代杂志评为第一个“年度儿童”。4细节理解题。根据文章第二段“the prize is nothing that I could have ever imagined(该奖项是我从未想过的)”可知，Rao从未觉得自己可以得奖，这远远超出了她的预期。故选D。5细节理解题。根据文章第四段“She told Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interv
69、iew that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions.(她在接受时代杂志特约编辑安吉丽娜朱莉采访时表示，她很早就开始追求科学，是为了改善社会条件)”可知，Rao追求科学是为了改善社会条件，即让社会变得更好。故选C。6推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We have science in everything were involved in, and I think thats the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool
70、, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator(我们参与的每件事都包含了科学。我认为这是最重要的是科学很酷，创新很酷，任何人都可以成为创新者)”以及文章第一段“created apps(创立应用软件)”可知，Rao热爱创新并且追求创新。由此推知，她是一个非常创新的人。故选D。7推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created
71、apps to address polluted drinking water, drug addiction and other social problems has been named Time Magazines first-ever “Kid of the Year”.(近日，美国科罗拉多州一名15岁的高中生和年轻科学家被时代杂志评为第一个“年度儿童”。他使用人工智能(AI)技术，并创建了应用程序，来解决饮用水污染、吸毒成瘾和其他社会问题)”可知，本文主要介绍了年仅十五岁的年度儿童Rao以及她所做出的贡献。短文的目的是报道一个年轻的天才。故选A。8B9D10C11B【分析】这是一篇
72、说明文。中学之所以充满挑战，原因有很多学业变得更加困难，日程安排被各种活动填满，而且，在对孩子和父母来说可能是最具挑战性的地区，友谊会发生变化。文章分析了孩子不同年龄建立友谊的原因，指出青少年时期友谊是变化的，容易导致痛苦，建议家长在孩子面对社交痛苦时，支持孩子。8主旨大意题。根据第二段中的Early in childhood, our childrens friendships arise out of closeness and habit.及 As kids get older, however, they begin to build emotional connections wit
73、h friends based on similarity.和When they become tweens, friendships become much more complex, and for good reason.可知，在童年早期，我们的孩子的友谊产生于亲密和习惯。然而，随着孩子年龄的增长，他们开始基于相似点与朋友建立情感联系。当他们变成青少年时，友谊变得复杂得多，而且有很好的理由。由此可知，第二段从童年早期一直到青少年时期分别分析了建议友谊的原因，故第二段主要介绍的是“建立友谊的原因在不同的阶段是有所不同的”。故选B。9词句猜测题。根据后文Tweens feel abandon
74、ed and betrayed as friends move back and forth between comfortable old relationships and exciting new ones.可知，当朋友们在舒适的旧关系和令人兴奋的新关系之间来回穿梭时，青少年会感到被抛弃和背叛。由此可知，在太多的情况下，青少年之间的友谊是互相改变的，划线部分意思是“友谊在青少年之间是互相改变的”。故选D。10推理判断题。根据最后一段中We may not love every outfit our tweens try on, but its our job to be there wh
75、en they emerge from the dressing room, when they do a little twirl and wait for us to tell them how grown up they have become.可知，我们可能不会喜欢我们的孩子们试穿的每一件衣服，但是当他们从试衣间出来的时候，当他们旋转的时候，等着我们告诉他们，他们已经长大了，这是我们的职责。由此推知，当青少年对社交感到痛苦时，父母应该在那里支持他们。故选C。11主旨大意题。根据第一段中Middle school is challenging for so many reasonsaca
76、demics become more difficult, schedules fill up with activities, and, in what might be the most challenging region for kids and parents alike, friendships change.可知，中学之所以充满挑战，原因有很多学业变得更加困难，日程安排被各种活动填满，而且，在对孩子和父母来说可能是最具挑战性的地区，友谊会发生变化。结合文章还分析了孩子不同年龄建立友谊的原因，指出青少年时期友谊是变化的，容易导致痛苦，建议家长在孩子面对社交痛苦时，支持孩子。由此可知
77、，B选项“在青少年之间的友谊中做父母”最符合文章标题，故选B。12D13B14D15A【分析】本文是说明文。主要讨论的是地球上生命的节奏，不同的物种有不同的生长规律，有不同的生活节奏，其实是由于其体内的内在机制所决定的。12细节理解题。根据Though many scientists maintain that these rhythms are the result of some outside force like gravity or radiation or both，the results of most scientific researches agree with other
78、 scientists who believe that each living thing has its own built-in biological “time clock.(虽然许多科学家认为这些节奏是重力或辐射等外力的结果，或者两者兼而有之，但大多数科学研究的结果与其他科学家一致，他们认为每个生物都有自己内置的生物“时间钟。”)可知，生物身上的节奏是由于其体内的生物机制所决定的，故答案为D。13词句猜测题。根据上文Scientists cant really explain why many species of birds migrate in the autumn even t
79、hough the temperature is still summery.(科学家无法真正解释为什么许多鸟类在秋天迁徙，即使温度仍然是夏季。)可推断划线句The birds just seem to snub the comfortable weather that they are having句意：鸟儿似乎在忽视它们所拥有的舒适的天气。结合下文When a certain time comes, they travel south by the thousand. ( 当某一时刻到来时，它们大批大批地向南旅行。)可知，候鸟不管天气如何，只要到了某个时间就会迁徙，因此推断划线词词义为“忽
80、视”，与ignore意思相近。故答案为B。14细节理解题。根据第四段Animals that hibernate(冬眠)are obeying individual time clocks，tooWhen their clock indicates the time to take a winters nap，they do，and nothing can stop themAt a certain time in the spring，they wake up and come out regardless of the weather outside(冬眠的动物也遵守各自的时钟。当它们的时
81、钟指示了一个冬天小睡的时间时，它们就会睡觉，没有什么能阻止它们。在春天的某个时候，它们醒来了，不管外面的天气如何，站起来出来。)可知，动物冬眠主要不是根据天气，而是根据内在的生物钟，故D项“每年的冬眠更多是因为天气的影响，而不是生物的功能。”错误。故答案为D。15主旨大意题。纵观全文特别是第二段的the results of most scientific researches agree with other scientists who believe that each living thing has its own built-in biological “time clock.”(
82、大多数科学研究结果与其他科学家一致，它们认为每个生物都有自己内置的生物“时间钟。”)，可知，本文主要讨论的是地球上生命的节奏，不同的物种有不同的生长规律，有不同的生活节奏，其实是由于其体内的内在机制所决定的，故答案为A。16D17B18G19F20C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了疫情封锁下人们新的工作习惯的养成。16根据前文“Habits can be slow to form. ”（习惯可能是慢慢形成的。）和“when they do, they can become rooted.”（当它们形成了，它们可能会根深蒂固）构成转折关系，对应选项D中的转折词but。所以选项D（但是当它们形成
83、了，它们可能会根深蒂固）切合文意。故选D。17前文“New routines have taken root and those will be much harder to break. ”（新的惯例已经扎根，这些将更难打破。）结合下文讲述时间过长的会议可推知，设空处可能陈述并不是所有新习惯都受欢迎。所以选项B（但并不是所有的新习惯都受欢迎。）切合文意，与上文形成明显的转折关系，new routines和new habits是关键词。故选B。18根据后文“The pandemic could provide a wake-up call on meeting uselessness.”（这场
84、疫情可能会给人们敲响警钟，提醒他们不要再徒劳无益了。）可知，作者认为每周花23小时开会太浪费了。所以选项G（把时间减半，然后想想还能完成多少。）切合文意。故选G。19根据后文“The convention of the daily commute and the standard working day has been abandoned.”（日常通勤和标准工作日的惯例已经被抛弃。）可知，在疫情下人们的工作时间变得更加灵活了。所以选项F（疫情期间养成的最佳习惯就是变得灵活。）切合文意。故选F。20根据后文“At the start of the lockdown, she sent slip
85、pers to her team so they could feel comfortable working from home.”（在封锁开始的时候，她给她的团队送去了拖鞋，这样他们就可以在家里舒服地工作了。）可知，此处是指给团队送小礼物。所以选项C（这可能包括送些小礼物。）切合文意。故选C。21C22A23B24C25B26A27D28D29B30D31C32C33B34A35B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在喜马拉雅山徒步旅行时，来到了一个非常贫穷的村庄，遇到了一个喂羊的小女孩，女孩虽然一无所有却提供了自己可以提供的东西递给了作者一朵花，作者觉得自己收到了一生中有过的最珍贵的礼物之
86、一。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在喜马拉雅山徒步旅行，犯了一个错误，把一大笔钱换成了当地货币。A. camping露营；B. travelling旅行；C. hiking徒步旅行，远足；D. cycling骑行。根据后文“On this particular day I was left behind by fellow hikers”可知作者当时在喜马拉雅山徒步旅行。故选C。22考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我走过安纳布尔纳的村庄时，很快就发现那里的人们太穷了，连最简单的商品都无法供应。A. When当时候；B. Because因为；C. Though虽然；D. Before在之前。引
87、导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”应用when。故选A。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我走过安纳布尔纳的村庄时，很快就发现那里的人们太穷了，连最简单的商品都无法供应。A. rich富有的；B. poor贫穷的；C. wise明智的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“to supply even the simplest goods”当地人连最简单的商品都无法供应，可推测很贫穷。故选B。24考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我的背包里装着这叠钱是没有用的，与当地人相比，我已经是一个虚拟的行走百万富翁了。A. clothes衣服；B. flowers花；C. money金钱；D. bricks砖块。
88、根据上文中“changing a large amount of money into the local currency”可知作者当时换了大量的现金在包里。故选C。25考查动词词义辨析。句意：我越来越不喜欢这些钱了，把它放在包里真让人难为情。A. like喜欢；B. dislike不喜欢；C. adore崇拜；D. admire钦佩。根据后文“it was embarrassing to have it in my bag”可知作者觉得包里装着这些钱难为情，推测作者不喜欢这些钱。故选B。26考查介词词义辨析。句意：这导致了一个非凡的经历，给我留下了深刻的印象，它的影响从未离开我。A. in
89、在里面；B. from来自；C. to朝着；D. for为了。根据前后文“This resulted a remarkable experience”可知为短语result in“导致”。故选A。27考查动词词义辨析。句意：这导致了一个非凡的经历，给我留下了深刻的印象，一直影响着我。A. encouraged鼓励；B. hurt损害；C. persuaded说服；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据后文“its effect has never left me”可知这次经历一直影响着作者，说明给作者留下了深刻印象。故选D。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我蹲下来时，我注意到一个小女孩在周围喂
90、羊。A. hurting伤害；B. gathering聚集；C. caring关心；D. feeding饲养。根据后文“some sheep”可知小女孩在喂羊，feed符合语境。故选D。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：我情不自禁地看着她，她也看着我。A. wait等待；B. help帮助；C. bear承担；D. tolerate忍受。结合前后文“I couldnt looking at her and she looked at me”可知为短语couldnt help doing sth.表示“情不自禁做某事”。故选B。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走近她时，她突然向我冲了过来，一言不发地递
91、给我一朵花。A. pause暂停；B. smile微笑；C. voice嗓音；D. word单词，话语。根据上文“she suddenly rushed over to me, and without a”可知女孩冲向作者，一言不发地递给作者一朵花，without a word“一言不发”。故选D。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：她盯着我看了一会儿，就跑开了。A. recognized识别；B. shouted叫喊；C. stared凝视；D. ignored忽视。根据后文“at me for a tiny moment and then she ran away”可知表示“凝视某人”短语为sta
92、re at sb.。也与上文“she looked at me”相呼应。故选C。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个可爱的孩子对她在我身上看到的东西做出了反应，她的第一个想法就是找到可以提供的东西。A. eat吃；B. organize组织；C. offer提供；D. schedule安排。结合上文“handed me a flower”女孩递给作者花，可知她提供了自己可以提供的东西。故选C。33考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于贫穷，她除了一朵花之外一无所有。A. anxiety焦虑；B. poverty贫困；C. mind思维；D. kindness善良。根据后文“there was nothing
93、 she had”结合上文提到当地人很穷，可知女孩一无所有，很贫穷。故选B。34考查固定短语辨析。句意：由于贫穷，她除了一朵花之外一无所有。A. apart from除了之外；B. besides此外；C. rather than而不是；D. more than超过。结合前后文“there was nothing she hada single flower”指“除了一朵花之外一无所有”应用apart from。故选A。35考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的包的重量从来没有比此刻更重，我刚刚收到了我一生中有过的最珍贵的礼物之一。A. experiences经历；B. presents礼物；C. ch
94、anges改变；D. fortune运气。根据上文“The weight of my bag was never heavier than at this moment”可知作者觉得自己的背包重量从来没有比此刻更重，可推测作者觉得自己收到的女孩的花是最珍贵的礼物，故选B。36is believed37What38literally39an40Covering41by42filled43authorities44which45mysterious【分析】这是一篇说明文。考古学家在三星堆遗址有了新的发现，文章对三星堆遗址进行了详细介绍。36考查被动语态和一般现在时。句意：该遗址被认为是数千年前活跃
95、的古代文明的所在地。根据“Archaeologists have found something even more exciting in Sichuan Province”（考古学家在四川省发现了更令人兴奋的东西）可知，此处描述现在的事情，应用一般现在时。动词believe意为“相信”，和主语site构成被动关系，用被动语态。故填is believed。37考查名词性从句。句意：我们现在看到的是三星堆遗址新发现的祭祀坑之一。主语从句中缺少seeing的宾语，且是指事物，所以应用what引导。故填What。38考查副词。句意：三星堆，字面意思是“三星堆”，距离四川省会成都大约80分钟的车程。
96、修饰动词meaning应用副词。故填literally。39考查不定冠词。句意：三星堆，字面意思是“三星堆”，距离四川省会成都大约80分钟的车程。此处drive意为“车程”，为可数名词，此处为第一次提到，所以应用不定冠词，表泛指。eighty的开头发音为元音。所以应用an。故填an。40考查现在分词。句意：三星堆遗址占地12平方公里，被认为是古蜀国的遗迹，它活跃于2600到4800年前的一个时期。动词cover意为“覆盖”，和主语the Sanxingdui Ruins构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填Covering。41考查介词和固定搭配。句意：这里首次发现的是一块玉石，是1929
97、年一位农民偶然发现的。by accident意为“偶然”，为固定搭配。故填by。42考查过去分词和固定搭配。句意：1986年，人们发现了两个装满文物的祭祀坑。be filled with意为“充满”，为固定搭配。所以此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填filled。43考查名词复数。句意：在刚才举行的新闻发布会上，中国有关部门宣布，考古学家在三星堆遗址又发现了6个祭祀坑。authority意为“当局”，为可数名词，此处无冠词，所以应用复数形式。故填authorities。44考查定语从句。句意：这六个新发现的坑位于1986年发现的两个坑的旁边，组成了一个神圣的建筑群，是祭祀和祈祷的场所。非限制性定
98、语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为pits，所以应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。45考查形容词。句意：但希望有一天我们能找到更多关于曾经生活在这里的神秘古代文明的信息。修饰名词civilization应用形容词。形容词mysterious意为“神秘的”。故填mysterious。46范文：Dear Sir/Madam, My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as volunteer for 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games. Im a boy of eight
99、een years old from, a high school. My spoken English is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently. Whats more, I have other advantages. Im especially fond of sports, familiar with Beijing, good at communication and always glad to help others. Im willing to provide the best service for ever
100、y athlete in Winter Olympic Games. Therefore, I think Im suitable for serving the Games. I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to a volunteer. Thank you!Yours faithfully, Li Hua【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给冬奥组委会写一封申请信，希望能成为一名志愿者。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支
101、持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1个人情况；2自身优势；3服务承诺第二步:列提纲 spoken English; communicate with foreigners fluently;be fond of sports; be familiar with Beijing; be good at communication; be glad to help others; provide the best service；;be suitable for 第三步：连词成句1. My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as voluntee
102、r for 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games.2. My spoken English is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently.3. Whats more, I have other advantages. 4. Im especially fond of sports, familiar with Beijing, good at communication and always glad to help others.5. Im willing to provid
103、e the best service for every athlete in Winter Olympic Games.6. Therefore, I think Im suitable for serving the Games.7. I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to a volunteer.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1.表并列补充关系：What is more2.表因果关系：Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规
104、范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Therefore, I think Im suitable for serving the Games.（运用省略连接词that的宾语从句以及高级短语be suitable for ）高分句型2 I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to a volunteer.（运用it作形式宾语）47The doorbell suddenly rang and Peggy ran swiftly to answer it,calling that it must be Santa Claus.Then I
105、 heard a man talking heartily to her,so I went to the door.He was a deliver man.and his arms were full of parcels.This is a mistake,I said,but he read the name on the parcels and they were for me.When he had gone I could only stare at the boxes.Peggy and I sat on the floor and opened them.A huge dol
106、l.Gloves.Candy.A beautiful leather purse.Incredible! I looked for the name of the sender.It was the lady.Our dinner that night was the most delicious I had ever eaten.I forgot I had no money for the rent and only fifteen dollars in my purse and no job.My child and I ate and laughed together in happi
107、ness.We decorated the small Christmas tree with the gifts that we received Then Peggy fell asleep.Looking at her,I felt a sweet peace flooding me.I had some hope again.【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，本文讲述了作者20几岁时离婚后发生的两件事情，第一件事情是，作者坐车捡到一把漂亮的伞，并把伞还给物主；第二件事情是，圣诞节来临，生活拮据的作者和女儿将要过一个寒酸的圣诞节，这让作者感到心碎。【详解】续写部分分为
108、两段，第一段开头是：门铃突然响了，Peggy急忙跑去开门，并大声说这一定是圣诞老人。所以应该写Peggy开门后的所见所闻以及接下来发生的事情，一位快递员上门，送来包裹，作者和女儿打开包裹，发现是丢雨伞的女士送的。第二段开头是：那天晚上的晚餐是我吃过的最美味的晚餐。本段应该写为何这是作者最美味的晚餐和最好的一个圣诞节，作者收到别人的礼物，感到幸福开心，困难的生活又有了希望。续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；按要求完成写作任务。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：be full of，stare at，fall asleep等高级词汇；现在分词作状语calling that it must be Santa Claus.,省略关系代词that的定语从句Our dinner that night was the most delicious I had ever eaten.，that引导定语从句We decorated the small Christmas tree with the gifts that we received 等高级句式。