河北省赵县2015高考英语一轮优生课后练习精选（1）及答案.doc

1、河北省赵县2015高考英语一轮优生课后练习精选（1）及答案阅读理解-（A）Sports shoes that out whether their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the UK. The shoesnamed Square Eyescontain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has

2、taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the days efforts. The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British t

3、eenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.” Once a child has used up their daily allowance ga

4、ined through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps. Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 s

5、teps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV time. Existing pedometers （计步器） normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these

6、can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.” ( ) 1. According to Swan, the purpose of her design project

7、is to _. A. keep a record of the steps of the wearer B. deal with overweight among teenagers C. enable children to resist the temptation of TV D. prevent children from being tricked by TV programs( ) 2. Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes? A. They regulate a childs evening TV viewing

8、 time. B. They determine a childs daily pocket money. C. They have raised the hot issue of overweight. D. They contain information of the receiver. ( ) 3. What is stressed by health experts in their suggestion? A. The exact number of steps to be taken. B. The precise number of hours spent on TV. C.

9、The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time. D. The way of changing steps into TV watching time. ( ) 4. Compared with other similar products, the new design _. A. makes it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat B. counts the wearers steps through shaking C. records the sudden movement of the wear

10、er D. sends teenagers health data to the receiver ( ) 5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time B. Smart Shoes Guarantee More Exercise C. Smart Shoes Measure Time of Exercise D. Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight71. B 这是一道推断题。根据第三段“We

11、 looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,she says,And I want to tackle that with my design .”可以推断出这个设计是为了解决孩子超重的问题。72. A 这是一道推断题。根据第四段“Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in fro

12、nt of the TV can only be earned through more steps.”可知这种鞋利用走路的步数来控制孩子看电视的时间。73. C 这是一道推断题。根据第五段“Health experts suggest that a child take 12 000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television.”可以推断出健康专家给出了每天合适的运动量和看电视时间。74. A 这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“Swan says these can be easily tricked into re

13、cording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat.”可以推断出类似产品可以用晃动来作弊,但是她设计的鞋使得懒惰的青少年很难作弊。75. A 这是一道主旨题。本文主要介绍了一款智能运动鞋,利用孩子们每天的走步数来决定看电视的时间,起到控制体重的作用。Passage Seven (The Most Important of All Human Qualities is a Sense of Humor)Biologically, there is o

14、nly one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divide worl

15、d, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, in turn, depends on that most

16、complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity of Charlie Chaplins early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. As that

17、great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, Men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in the same way. A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is alwa

18、ys the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so w

19、e never get a lop sided view of things. This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts

20、of somber political events redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in G

21、ullivers Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they cant agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish. The sense of humor must be singled out as mans most imp

22、ortant quality because it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is t

23、he sense of humor that provides the key.1.The most important of all human qualities is A a sense of humor.A sense of satire.C A sense of laughter.D A sense of history.2.The author mentions about Charlie Chaplins early films becauseA they can amuse people.Human beings are different from animals.C The

24、y show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.D They show that people have the same ability to laugh.3.One of the chief functions of irony and satire isA to show absurdity of actions.to redress balance.C to take the wind out of politicians.D to show too much grimness in the world.4.W

25、hat do we learn from the sentence it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes?A It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.It can arouse people to riot.C It shows tragedy and comedy are related.D It can make people laugh.5.Who is Swift?A A novelist.A po

26、et.C A dramatist.D A essayist.Vocabulary1.devoid 没有，缺乏2.plague n.瘟疫，惹人烦恼的人和事v.给造成麻烦，痛苦，困难3.faction 派别ic stereotype 可笑/滑稽的模式mentator （集注）作者，评论员，解说员6.tinkle n.一连串的丁零声，电话声，v.使发出丁零声7.fanatic 狂热者（尤指宗教、政治的狂热）8.lop-sided 不均匀的9.hover 翱翔，盘旋；彷徨10.somber 低沉的，暗淡的，严峻的11.redress 纠正，补偿12.pompous 自大的，浮夸的13.arrogant

27、 傲慢的14.proportion 均衡，匀称，平衡，比例15.Lilliputian 微型的，极小的，源自格列佛游记中的小人国里的人16.totalitarian 极权主义的17.regime 政体，政权，统治方式或制度难句译注1 In a divided world, laughter is a unifying force.【参考译文】在分裂的世界中，笑是一种促成一致（团结）的力量。2 Human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps,【参考译文】人际关系可能因思想意识派别和政治阵营的不同

28、而受侵扰。3 Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.【参考译文】某些滑稽的模式具有全球性的效果。4 Charlie Chaplin查理卓别林1889-1977，英国讽刺滑稽剧及电影演员，导演及制片人。5 At odds with society和社会格格不入。6 Dr. Samuel Johnson撒缪尔约翰生，1709-1784，英国辞典编撰者及作家。7 A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tinkl

29、e to an earth quaking roar.【参考译文】幽默感表现的方式多种多样，笑也许是银铃般优雅轻笑，也许是震耳欲聋的放声大笑。8 If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously.【参考译文】如果我们能见到可笑的一面，我们就不会犯这种错误：对自己看得过重（自以为了不起）。9 We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never ge

30、t a lop-sided view of things.【参考译文】我们会经常提醒自己祸兮福所伏（悲剧离喜剧实际并不遥远），那我们决不会偏执一词地看事物。10 Take the wind out of sbs sails使某人气馁或泄气。11 Swift Jonathan swift乔纳森思维福特1667-1745，英国作家，生于都柏林，曾获牛津大学硕士，三一学院神学博士学位，1688年到英国，后加入英国国教会。他同情英国统治下的爱尔兰人民，积极参加他们为争取自由和民族独立的斗争。他以政治讽刺文著世，其文笔犀利、讽刺尖锐、文章推理严密，用词简洁、语言朴实清晰，被认为是英语的典范，格列佛游记是

31、他的代表作之一。12 We laugh because we are meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too.【结构简析】mean to do是打算或注定要，一般用于被动。【参考译文】我们笑是因为想笑，可是我们也想哭。是指小人国和邻国仅仅为打鸡蛋一类小事而打仗可笑，确实也是可悲。作者结合现实指出是人类悲剧之所在。写作方法与文章大意 文章以部部深入，一般到具体的写作手法论及笑是人类特有的功能。 形式多种、效果一样。天下人有各种观点、制度、人际关系，对滑稽的东西都会报之以笑一种一致的力量。 笑基于幽默感，有了它，人们会乐观、愉快、轻松，不偏不倚地对

32、待一切，悲剧中寓以喜剧，幽默感又是人类开启幸福之门的钥匙。 论及的同时作者佐以例子，卓别林的早期电影，格列佛游记中的小人国战争等。答案详解1. A 幽默感。文章一开始就提出人类有别于动物是人有笑的功能，世界纷争繁杂、人际关系因意识观点差异而对峙，国家制度不一，但人们都能笑。笑基于人类最复杂而又微妙的品质幽默感。反过来说没有幽默感的人恐怕难以笑。第二段正式指出：幽默感表现形式多种多样，而笑可由微笑到狂笑种种，但其效果相同，幽默感有助于我们保持正确的价值观。这是政治狂热者所缺乏的特征。如果我们能看见滑稽可笑的一面，我们就不会犯过于看重自己的错误。我们总会记得悲剧离喜剧不愿，因此，我们不会有偏重某一

33、测的观点。第四段画龙点睛的指出幽默是人类最重要的特征，因为它和笑声结合在一起。而笑又是和幸福联系在一起。勇气、决心、创造力特征，我们和其他生命形式共享，而幽默感是人类所独有的。如果幸福是我们生活的伟大目标，那幽默感就是开启幸福的钥匙。B.讽刺感。这是第三段讲的内容，讽刺的功能，但不是人类最重要的特征。C.笑感。D.历史观点。2. C 作者提卓别林的电影的目的是证明某些喜剧模式对全世界都有吸引力。A.它可以取悦任何人。B.人类和动物不同。D.证明人有同样笑的功能。3. B使各种事情重新相等和均衡。第三段着重讲了这一点。人类在痛苦中挣扎，常处于战争的边缘。政治实现令人绝望，在这种处境中，对某些政治

34、事物的讽刺挖苦和漫画可以使各种心理重新平衡，可使失去均衡感的政客地下高傲头颅；可使我看见许多深邃的事情荒谬可笑。A.表现行为的荒唐。C.使政治家气馁。D.表现世界上太多的令人沮丧之事。4. A它可以以讽刺的手法解释政治时间的真相。B.这可促使人民暴动。C.它表示了悲剧和喜剧相联系。D.它能使人哭。5. A小说家。B.诗人。C.戏剧家。D.散文家。阅读理解 Pacing and Pausing Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steves new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say.

35、 While Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. /gaokao/beijing Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, theres no problem.

36、 But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before Im finished or fail to take your turn when Im finished. Thats what was happening with Betty and Sara. It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relative

37、ly shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel. /gaokao/beijing The genera

38、l phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can

39、 have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in-and never found it. Although back home

40、 she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up. Thats why slight differences in conversational style-tiny little things like micro

41、seconds of pause-can have a great effect on ones life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems-even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.( ) 1. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with h

42、er? A. Betty was talkative. B. Betty was an interrupter. C. Betty did not take her turn. /gaokao/beijing D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.( ) 2. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns? A. Americans. B. Israelis. C. The British. D. The Finns.( ) 3. We c

43、an learn from the passage that _ A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US C. ones inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up ones confidence( ) 4. The u

44、nderlined word assertiveness in the last paragraph probably means _ A. being willing to speak ones mindB. being able to increase ones powerC. being ready to make ones own judgment /gaokao/beijing D. being quick to express ones ideas confidently64.C细节题，难题。难在弄不清谁是S谁是B，耐心读，动笔划，从第一段得出正确答案并不难：Sara felt B

45、etty didnt hold up her end of the conversation65.B细节排序题，难题。还是耐心读，动笔划。S代表美国人，B代表英国人（加起来？），S比B期待谈话间隙时间更短，又在以色列人(Israelis)说话时插不上嘴，故答案选说话嗒嗒嗒嗒的以色列人。66.C变态细节题，较难题。A不符原文，B无中生有，D无中生有，C关键要理解culturally determined，由文化决定或者受文化影响。67.A词义猜测题，较难。难点在于A选项的干扰作用。原文说那位MM的inability to speak up注意别人认为她没能力，不是说她不愿意。所以D比A好，此处用反义对比方法。