1、Unit 3Inventors and inventions第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分35分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AHeres a good deed you can do without parting with a single thing.Synthetic (合成的) voices for people who have lost the ability to speak only come in generic (一般的) types think of Stephen Hawking
2、s voice but one amazing project wants to build custom voices for each person.To do that they need your help：specifically, a recording of your voice.VocalID is the brainchild of two speech scientists, who are turning their research into a much larger project.Voice is very personal and, like a prosthe
3、tic (假体的) leg or arm, it makes sense it should be customized to each person.Heres how it works and dont worry, this does not mean someone will be walking around with the same voice as you out there：After recording a couple of hours of audio in, say, a quiet room with an iPhone, you send it to VocalI
4、D, where a program called ModelTalker cuts it up into the basic units of speech that can be recombined as new words and sentences.In that same step, characteristics of the patients voice based on what limited sounds they can make are mixed with the donors to create a whole new one.VocalID is still i
5、n its beginning stages, and theyre looking for help from everyone including voice donors, financial support, and programmers.A priority (优先的事物) is making voice donation even easier, cutting down recording time, especially for kids.But as it stands already, your voice is just about the easiest thing
6、to donate.()1.Stephen Hawkings voice _.Ahas no personal characteristicsBwas donated by a volunteerCwas created by VocalIDDsounded amazing()2.We can infer that VocalID aims to _.Ado research on voicesBteach some people to speakCproduce prosthetic legs or armsDhelp some people have their “own” voice()
7、3.To create a new voice, which of the following is/are needed?ASounds made by the patient.BA few days of audio recording.CThe voice of at least two donors.DModelTalker that can combine words.()4.What is the main purpose of the text?ATo introduce some jobs in VocalID.BTo encourage readers to donate t
8、heir voice.CTo advertise a program called ModelTalker.DTo collect money for people who cannot speak.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了如何给不会说话的人捐献声音。1A推理判断题。由第一段中的“Synthetic(合成的) voices for people custom voices for each person.”可知，史蒂芬霍金那样的合成语音是一般的类型，而一个新的项目想要为不能讲话的人制作个性化的声音。据此可推断，史蒂芬霍金的合成语音没有个性特征。2D推理判断题。由第一段中的“one am
9、azing project wants to build custom voices for each person”及第二段中的“Voice is very personal andit makes sense it should be customized to each person.”可知，VocalID旨在帮助人们拥有有个性特征的声音。3A细节理解题。由第四段中的“characteristics of the patients voice based on what limited sounds they can make are mixed”可知，要在捐献的声音的基础上制作一个新的
10、声音，需要患者自己发出的声音。4B写作意图题。由文章开头的“Heres a good deed you can do”及文章末的“your voice is just about the easiest thing to donate”可推断，文章主要是鼓励读者为不能讲话的人捐献自己的声音。BWaterpebble: saving water one drop at a timeIntroduction：With Waterpebble, you can know how much water is being used while you are showering and decrease
11、 that amount so gradually that its practically impossible to see.Aims：Waterpebble not only encourages people to use less water but also helps people realize the importance of protecting the earth.Background：Paul Priestman invented Waterpebble and was originally inspired by a hotel bathroom sign that
12、 read, “Please Save Water.”Usage：Waterpebble is a small round device that has three light indications of red, orange and green.They indicate “too much”，“just enough” and “Well done! Youre saving the planet”Simply place Waterpebble under the shower and it will record the length of your showers.From t
13、hat point on it starts gradually encouraging you to reduce your shower time by flashing the appropriate light.During your next shower it will flash green, orange or red.If you have let it go all the way to red, then you have overused the amount of time of your last shower.If you stop showering at gr
14、een, you have beaten your record.The idea is to limit each shower to six minutes or less.Effects: Families who use Waterpebble can look forward to their future water bills.It is a clever and environmentally conscious way to make the process of saving water a more instinctive (本能的) character.Families
15、 report that their kids love the idea of playing a role in protecting the planet without being constantly reminded.For more information, please visit Waterpebble online.()5.Waterpebble is designed to_.Aencourage people to shower every dayBhelp people save water while showeringChelp people take a sho
16、wer more happilyDrecord peoples shower time accurately()6.What inspired Paul Priestman to invent Waterpebble?AHis love for invention.BThe fact of lacking water.CAn experience of staying in a hotel.DThe importance of taking showers.()7.When you take a shower, you should_.Aturn on the three lights of
17、Waterpebble firstBset a time limit on Waterpebble ahead of timeCpay attention to the flashing light of WaterpebbleDkeep Waterpebbles red light flashing all the time【语篇解读】本文是应用文，话题是科技发明类。本文介绍了Paul Priestman发明的旨在帮助人们在淋浴时节约用水的Waterpebble。5B细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Waterpebble主要用来鼓励人们在淋浴时做到节约用水。6C细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Pau
18、l是因为自己在酒店的经历产生了发明Waterpebble的想法。7C细节理解题。根据第五段可知，Waterpebble的指示灯如果是红色，则说明使用者在浪费水，绿色则表明节约用水，所以你在淋浴的时候，要注意Waterpebble指示灯的颜色。CMickey Mouse wants to help kids kick the junk food habit.The Walt Disney Company announced that it plans to advertise only healthier food to kids.By 2015, all food and drink prod
19、ucts that are advertised on its TV channels, radio stations and websites will have to meet the companys nutrition standard for limiting calories and reducing fat, sodium and sugar.Many food, such as fruit drinks, candy and snack cakes, wont meet the standard.First Lady Michelle Obama called it a “ga
20、me changer”“Disney is doing what no major media company has ever done before in the US and what I hope every company will do in the future.”“This is a landmark (里程碑), because a major media company is taking responsibility for what food they advertise to children，” says Margo Wootan, director of nutr
21、ition policy for the Center for Science in the Public Interest.“This should be a real wakeup call to Nickelodeon (an American childrens channel) and the Cartoon Network to do the same.”But the company will still be able to advertise “betterforyou versions (种类) of products that are not perfectly nutr
22、itious.” Under the new standards, breakfast cereals that are advertised will have to contain fewer than 10 grams of sugar in a serving, Wootan says.“Thats a good step forward, but its not perfectly nutritious.”Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, says Disney is making this move “
23、at perhaps some risk of affecting their incomes, so thats why we should praise them.”“Food marketing is really important because it shapes the way kids are fed，” Wootan says.“If we dont deal with food marketing to kids, we dont have any chance of addressing childhood obesity.”Currently, a third of c
24、hildren are overweight, putting them at a greater risk for serious health problems.At its theme parks, Disney began offering healthier kids meals serving carrots and other vegetables, fruit, lowfat milk and yogurt at meals，instead of fries and soft drinks.()8.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3
25、probably refers to _.Athe wakeup callBthe Walt Disney CompanyCthe habit of eating：junk foodDthe nutrition standard in the US()9.What does Margo Wootan think of Disneys new move?AHe thinks it is a risk.BHe thinks very highly of it.CHe thinks it will get wide support.DHe thinks it will affect their in
26、comes. ()10.What is the main idea of the text?ADisney calls for a ban on junk food.BDisney aims to help kids lose weight.CDisney is to serve healthier food for kids.DDisney is to quit taking ads for junk food aimed at kids.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲了迪士尼将不再为垃圾食品做广告以及社会各界对此的反应。8B推理判断题。文章前两段简要介绍了迪士尼公司新的食品广告营养标
27、准，这里米歇尔评价迪士尼是“规则改变者”，所以it指代的应该是迪士尼公司，B项正确。9B细节理解题。根据第四段中Margo Wootan的话“This is a landmark(里程碑), because a major media company is taking responsibility for what food they advertise to children”可知，Margo Wootan高度评价迪士尼的新举措，所以应选B项。10D主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了迪士尼将拒绝垃圾食品广告，帮助改善儿童饮食结构，以及社会各界对此的反应，D项概括准确。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，
28、满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a child grows up, you may wonder how you can teach him to become a respectful adult._11_ A child who learns to respect not only learns to receive respect from others, but also learns to respect others.Show him respect.This is the best way to teach
29、your child how to respect others.Listen to your child attentively and he will learn to listen to you, understanding how important it is in communication._12_The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child, the more likely he will learn to use them.Politeness then becomes a normal part of any
30、 conversation.Agree to disagree._13_ Explain your decision so that he will understand you and expect respectful responses.Disagreeing with you doesnt necessarily mean disobedience (不顺从)Control your impulse to overreact.When a situation arises, stay calm and keep in mind that you are supposed to be m
31、odeling correct behavior._14_Praise, praise, praise.So much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to correct it that his accomplishments are not celebrated enough._15_ATeach manners by using polite requests and responses.BTry to remember that a child wont always agree with you.CRespect is ne
32、cessary for a meaningful and successful life.DIf he sees you lose your temper, he is more likely to respond that way in future.EA child may act as he pleases，and he will live a happy life.FSeeing a child exhibit respectful behavior, make sure he knows how proud you are of him.GRespectful behavior is
33、 always accompanied by bad behavior as a child.【答案】1115CABDF第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On Valentines Day, my elevenyearold son Sam begged me to allow him to buy his teacher a red heart filled with delectable(美味可口的) chocolates.I _16_，
34、and he bought her a small but respectably sized _17_.On his small _18_， $4.99 was a huge investment，and I was touched by his _19_.Sam has not always _20_ teachers.He doesnt yet admit that he likes school.I must _21_ I was concerned when I first met Mrs.Hogan.She was a new teacher.She seemed so young
35、 and sweet and _22_.How was this new teacher going to _23_ a boy who would leave his assignment unfinished in the fifth year?As the first weeks of school flew by, the same missing assignment issue _24_.Then, slowly, it began to _25_.Sam had his assignment notebook filled in every day._26_， I wondere
36、d what bribe had inspired him.“Mrs.Hogan checks everyones notebook every day, Mom.” Sam reported._27_ I observed this teachers interactions with my son at the end of each day.I realized that Sams inattentiveness and disorganization were not the _28_ things that Mrs.Hogan noticed about him.She recogn
37、ized Sam as a knowledgeable, _29_ student who loves to read.He rose to her _30_.Sam began to do his homework without _31_ reminders or a major search through his crowded backpack.He brought home less and less class work.He _32_ six As on his secondquarter report card.I still dont know how much of th
38、is miracle is due to the magic of maturity and how much is due to the magic of Mrs.Hogan.I do know that my son loves his sixth grade teacher, and I think there is a magic in relationships that can motivate children when nothing else will.I believe that every child should have at least one teacher wh
39、om he _33_ loves and admires.Every child should have a teacher who inspires his best _34 _.Every child should have a teacher who inspires the _35_ of a candyfilled heart on Valentines Day.()16.A.objectedBdoubtedCagreed Dlaughed()17.A.chocolate BcandyCflower Dheart()18.A.budget BcostCfinance Deconomy
40、()19.A.craziness BbraveryCgenerosity Dkindness()20.A.obeyed BlovedCfollowed Dhated()21.A.admit BadviseCaccept Dapprove()22.A.mature BinexperiencedClovely Ddevoted()23.A.bring up Bpick upClift up Dbreak up()24.A.presented BbannedCdeveloped Dreappeared()25.A.disappear BcontinueCspread Dadapt()26.A.Exc
41、ited BAmazedCMoved DDisappointed()27.A.Although BBeforeCAs DIf()28.A.pleasure BpracticalCpotential Dprimary()29.A.capable BeasygoingCpolite Dhelpful()30.A.realization BexpectationsCpromise Dabilities()31.A.entire BhumorousCpositive Dnumerous()32.A.earned BaimedCwrote Dmissed()33.A.personally Bcurren
42、tlyCaccidentally Dabsolutely()34.A.quality BfreedomCeffort Ddependence()35.A.content BpurchaseCsymbol Dmeaning【语篇解读】恰当的教育方式可以改变一个孩子。新教师的赏识教育改变了一向不爱学习的Sam。16C根据空格后面的“and he bought”可知，作者同意了Sam的请求，故选择agreed。17D根据第一句中的“a red heart”可知，Sam买了一个大小合适的心形礼物，因此此处应选择heart。18A在Sam很少的预算中，4.99美元是一笔很大的投资。此处应用budget表
43、示“预算”。19CSam从他并不多的钱中拿出这么多买礼物，真是很慷慨，这让作者很感动。20B根据后文可知，Sam以前不是很喜欢老师。21A作者承认(admit)在她初次见到Mrs.Hogan的时候，她很担心。此处可以从后文的“She seemed so young”推出答案。22B根据前文的“She was a new teacher.”可知，作者认为新老师看上去太年轻、温柔并且觉得她缺乏经验。因此选择inexperienced。23C根据下文内容可知，Sam当时上五年级，做作业总是拖拉，因此作者担心这么年轻的老师如何激励总是做作业拖拉的孩子。lift up此处意为“激励”。24D根据空格前面
44、的“the same”可知，Sam做作业拖拉的情况再次出现了。reappear意为“再次出现，重新出现”，符合语境。25A根据下文的Sam每天都将作业写满可知，他做作业拖拉的情况消失(disappear)了。26B对于儿子的改变，作者感到惊讶，因此选择amazed。27C此处as引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”。当作者每天观察老师与儿子的互动时，作者意识到。28Dprimary意为“重要的，首要的”，符合语境。他的不专心和没有条理并不是老师关注的重点。29A老师认为Sam是一个博学的、有能力的学生。此处应选择capable表示“有能力的”。30BSam按照老师期望的那样成长了，因此选择expe
45、ctations。31DSam做作业的自觉性也提高了，不需要过多的提醒，因此选择numerous，“众多的”，符合语境。32A他的变化也体现在了成绩上，他的成绩单获得了6个A。earn“赢得”，符合语境。33D作者认为每个孩子都应该至少有一个自己完全喜爱和崇拜的老师。absolutely“完全地，绝对地”，符合语境。34C每个孩子都应该有一位激发他们努力(effort)的老师。effort意为“努力”，符合语境。35B根据文章开头Sam买礼物可知，此处应选择purchase“购买”，符合语境。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
46、正确形式。 Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he 36._(notice) a car was stuck on railroad tracks.Then he heard a train whistle.Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran toward the car.37._ elderly man, Jean Papich, eightyfour, sat in the drivers seat, 38._ (turn) the key and hitting th
47、e gas.His wife, Marion, seventyeight, was looking 39._ (nervous) at him.Then Sammy walked 40._ the car and pushed it forward, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt (沥青)He could see the train approaching fast.It might be 41._(easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought.He ran around to the fron
48、t of the vehicle and shouted at Jean 42._ (put) the car in neutral (空挡)Sammy could feel the ground trembling under his feet.He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully.Finally, the car rolled off the tracks.When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of 43._(foot) away.Sammy, shoc
49、ked and 44._(speech), went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene.Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy.He responded, “I just did 45._ I had to do.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy Armstrong在开车上班的路上解救了一辆卡在铁轨上的汽车。36noticed文章的整体时态为过去时，且主句中用的是过去进行时，故填noticed。37Anman在文中第一次提到，应用不定冠词，且elderly是以元音音素开头，故填An。38
50、turning空处与句子主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，并与hitting并列，故填turning。39nervously副词作状语修饰动词，故填nervously。40behind根据下文的“pushed it forward”可知，此处表示走到车的后面推车，故填behind。41easier根据语境可知，向前推车不好推，所以他想向后面推可能更容易，故填easier。42to put此处为不定式作宾语补足语，他向老人喊让老人挂空挡，故填to put。43feet “a couple of”后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填feet。44speechless与shocked并列，根据语境
51、可知，应填speechless。45what分析句子结构可知，空白处引导的从句作did的宾语，且空处在从句中充当do的宾语，故填what。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是分级阅读图书网站Reading AZ的一名职员Sophie， 请你给一个中国客户李华写一封电子邮件。内容要点：1.感谢李华订阅Reading AZ；2.向李华推荐公司刚发行的一个新项目RazPlus，建议他购买(只要再付10美元，RazPlus就可以多提供1,500本分级读物)。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：
52、项目program； 分级读本 a level readerDear Li Hua，My name is Sophie， a clerk in Reading AZYours sincerely， Sophie【答案】One possible version：Dear Li Hua，My name is Sophie， a clerk in Reading AZ. Mainly， I am writing to express my sincere gratitude to your subscribing to our website. I hope the large quantities
53、 of readers on our website are of great help to you. Also， we are very excited to inform you that a new program， RazPlus has been on sale. If you buy the RazPlus， you will have access to 1,500 more leveled readers， but you just need to pay $ 10 more. If I can be of any assistance to you with regard
54、to any questions that you may have， please feel free to contact me.All the best！Yours sincerely， Sophie第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Last weekend， I went to Marks new house nearby a forest for a little gettogether. After lunch when I was chatting with him and his wife Cody， he asked me
55、， “Hey Tom， have you ever been to a secret spot？” Before I could even finish saying no， Cody and Mark were already at the door with their jackets on. And the next moment we were heading out into the forest with a camera， a fishing net and a plastic bucket(桶).We walked through the forest along a path
56、 by a small river. Breathing the fresh air， we three talked and laughed all the way.“Hey！ What are you guys doing？” Someone suddenly shouted from behind. Mark and Codys eyes immediately widened， and without a word they started running. I had no choice but to follow them， getting my shoes wet and dir
57、ty with mud. We probably ran for about 10 minutes before Mark and Cody slowed down. I stopped to catch my breath and asked， “Who was that？”Mark replied， “The most annoying neighbour ever. If he caught up with us， theres no telling what could happen. He is always making fun of us. I dislike him.” We
58、kept walking on for a few more minutes. Then a beautiful lake appeared before our eyes. “Wow！ Amazing！” I shouted and could hardly hold back my excitement. The lake was large and the water was deep and blue， looking so peaceful with tall trees around it.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.至少使用5个短文中标有下画线的关键词语；3.续
59、写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；4.续写完成后，请用下画线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：Looking around， we saw a rubber boat floating by the shore.Paragraph 2：“Help！ Help！ Help！” I was so frightened and cried for help.【答案】Paragraph 1： Looking around， we saw a rubber boat floating by the shore. “How about going boating？” Mar
60、k asked. “Good idea.” So we three excitedly jumped onto the boat and rowed far out. I was thrilled to find so many fishes in the lake. Before I could say a word， Mark had cast the fishing net into the water. “Lets wait and see.” Mark smiled mysteriously. “Look this way. Let me take a photo of you tw
61、o.” Cody said， taking out the camera. Hearing that， I quickly approached Mark. But all of a sudden I lost my balance and fell into the water. Paragraph 2：“Help！ Help！ Help！” I was so frightened and cried for help. However， none of us could swim. Mark and Cody tried to pull me up from the water but in vain. Struggling in the water， I was almost exhausted when I felt myself lifted by someone. It was Marks neighbour， who followed us there and saw what had happened. Without hesitation， he jumped into the water and I was saved.