1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Unit 2Heroes.阅读理解ALOS ANGELESOld people who keep walking a relatively long distance may be less likely to suffer from cognitive(认知的) decline，a new study suggests.“By walking regularly，and maintaining a little bit of moderate physical activity，you can reduce your likelihood of develop
2、ing Alzheimers disease and spare brain tissue，” Kirk IErickson，the studys lead author，said.Erickson and his colleagues from the University of Pittsburgh began to establish a link between walking and memory in 1989.According to the report on their study published online Wednesday in Neurology，an offi
3、cial journal of the American Academy of Neurology，researchers tracked the physical activity and cognitive patterns of nearly 300 adults.At the very beginning，all participants，on average 78 years old and about twothirds being women，were in good cognitive health.The researchers charted how many blocks
4、 each person walked in one week.Nine years later，the participants were given a MRI scan to measure their brain size.All of them were deemed to be“cognitively normal.”But after four more years，test showed a little more than one third of the participants had developed a mild cognitive impairment or de
5、mentia.By correlating cognitive health，brain scans and walking patterns，the research team found that being more physically active appeared to lower the risk of developing cognitive impairment.As to how much walking would help prevent cognitive decline，the researchers suggested that walking about six
6、 miles，or 9.6 km，per week appears to protect the brain against shrinking in old age.The researchers said the relationship between walking and gray matter volume appears to apply only to people who regularly walk relatively long distances.The more someone walks，the more gray matter tissue the person
7、will have a decade or more down the road in regions of the brain，namely the hippocampus，the inferior frontal gyrus and the supplementary motor area，that are central to cognition.And among the more physically active participants who had retained more gray matter a decade out，the chances of developing
8、 cognitive impairment were cut in half，the study said.【语篇解读】 老年人进行适当、有规律的散步能减少认知能力下降的可能性。1When did the old people tested in the research begin to show difference in cognitive decline?AWhen they were 78 years old.BWhen they were 87 years old.CBetween the year 1989 and 1998.DBetween the year 1998 and
9、2002.答案D细节理解题。从文中第三段可知，实验于1989年开始，在94年之后，测试结果显示实验对象在认知能力上已经存在差异。2What do we know about the gray matter?AThe quantity of it has a decisive influence on the cognitive ability.BIts something in the muscle that develops from physical activity.CIts a brain disease that will damage the cognitive ability.D
10、Its some brain matter that can cure brain diseases.答案A细节理解题。从文章最后三段可知，体力运动较积极的人脑部的gray matter较多，可推断gray matter的数量可显示认知能力水平。3Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “shrinking” in Para.9?Aworrying Bweakening Cwidening Dwandering答案B词义猜测题。根据文意可知，walking可防止脑部萎缩，功能退化，与答案B(weak
11、ening)最相近。4What is TRUE about the research?AMen and women differ in the decline of cognition.BThe research subjects were required to walk blocks per week.CThe findings suggest the more walking，the better health.DThere were about 200 women involved in the research.答案D正误判断题。从文中第四、五段可知，测试对象约300人，其中约2/3
12、为女性。BBasketball player Tina Charles grew up understanding the importance of education and of giving back to others. When the WNBA(美国女子职业篮球赛)star and the 2012 US Olympic Womens Basketball team athlete heard about the chance to fund a school in an African village, she made sure to take part.Charles fi
13、rst came across the opportunity while she was a sophomore in college. At that time, she didnt have the funds to help out, but all of that changed when she was drafted to the WNBA. With the help of two charitable organizations OmniPeace and buildon Charles funded the entire 32 000 cost of the school.
14、The school, completed earlier this spring, was built in the small village of Ganale in western Africa. Before Charlescontributions, children living in the village were schooled in tiny mud huts. The lack of proper lighting and of proper airflow made it difficult for the students to learn. The new sc
15、hool building is nearly 3 000 square feet and contains three large classrooms. It can fit up to 150 students at a time and is also used for adult literacy classes in the evenings. The school will be a source of learning for generations to come.Charles undertook this charitable act while playing prof
16、essional basketball and preparing for the London Olympics. The Olympic Games begin today, July 27, and Charles will play for a team that has won the gold medal in the last four Olympic Games. The first-time Olympic competitor considers her placement on the team, along with 12 fellow female basketbal
17、l players, a testament to how hard she works.Whether it is representing her country in the Olympic Games or giving back to the community, Charles is always working hard. “Once you receive, you have to give,”she told Time for Kids, “I wanted to give others the same opportunity I had growing up.”【语篇解读
18、】 本文是一篇人物介绍。著名篮球明星蒂娜查尔斯不仅仅球技超人，而且热衷于慈善事业。最近，就在即将参加2012伦敦奥运会之际，在慈善组织的帮助下，她慷慨捐资，为非洲的一个村子建立了一所学校，其无私精神值得称赞。5. Charles donated to build a school probably because _.A. she has earned a large amount of moneyB. she thought she should do something in returnC. she had a chance to receive further education D.
19、 she was a famous basketball star in the U.S.A.答案 B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Basketball player Tina Charles grew up understanding the importance of education and of giving back to others.”可知，她认为她应该做一些回报别人的事情。6. What made Charles regretful when she was in college?A. She didnt work hard at her lessons.B. She was
20、ted much time playing games.C. She couldnt go to school like others.D. She couldnt afford to build a school.答案 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“she didnt have the funds to help out .”可知，她当时缺少资金，没钱建造学校。7. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. Children couldnt learn anything at school.B. Many adults are inte
21、rested in learning.C. Even villagers can learn in the new school happily. D. The new school is made up of several parts.答案 C 推理判断题。该段介绍了新学校的规模和用途，特别是成人和孩子都可以受益，由此可知C项和文意相符。8. We can infer from the fourth paragraph that Charles _.A. plays an important part in her teamB. is always busy doing something
22、 importantC. is sure to gain a gold medal in the Olympics D. is getting along well with her female players答案 A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The first-time Olympic Competitor considers her placement on the team, along with 12 fellow female basketball players, a testament to how hard she works.”可以推知，查尔斯在她的球队中举足轻重。.根
23、据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。As parents，I do not believe that any of us sets out to raise a child that is disrespectful or bratty(无礼的)Here are some helpful tips on how to raise a bratty child so that you can have a child that will be a benefit to society.It doesnt take long for a toddler(
24、学步儿童)to toddle right into trouble of some kind.This is the perfect time for perents to teach the child not to do that action again._9_ Helping a child to behave in an acceptable manner is a necessary part of raising the child well.Discipline is a useful teaching tool to guide a child.I think its nec
25、essary to explain to children what responsibility means.Responsibilities mean the things you have to do.As parents，you should say to your children “If you play with your toys，its your responsibility to put them away.” Besides，coach your children in their responsibilities._10_Children should use thei
26、r time well.We cant let a child do the same thing again and again.When kids are bored，they can end up in trouble creating problems for themselves and others._11_ Children should be told not to waste their time and they should make full use of their time to do useful things.The children who are eager
27、 to increase their pocket money should be taught that money does not come easily.For example，when parents buy school lunch for their children，they should put this spending into childrens pocket money.If children want to get much more money，parents can ask them to cook the lunch themselves._12_ Paren
28、ts should let their children know how to be in charge of their “expenses” and manage their expenditure(花费)_13_It is your responsibility to help and guide your kids.So，the next time you see a bratty kid remember：they didnt get that way themselves，and they have parents who didnt take time to teach the
29、m.AParents should be strict with children.BYou，the parent，whom kids rely on.CThis process is called discipline.DYou should encourage children to be kind.EI think its very important that kids should be coached and not just lectured to.FParents should encourage their children to save their pocket mone
30、y.GSports，activities and chores are a few things to help give kids something to fill their time答案9.C10.E11.G12.F13.B.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线(_)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第1
31、1处起)不计分。Behind my apartment，there was used to be a dirty and messy corner.Bits of plastic bags hanged on the trees.Broken bottles were left laying here and there.There was a damaging car in the center.The whole corner gave away an unpleasant smell.One year ago，we decided to turn it in a beautiful pa
32、rk.Since then，great changes have been taken place in that corner.All the rubbish have been cleared away.Flowers and young trees have planted all over.Now birds come here to sing，children come here to play，and adults come here to enjoy our peaceful life.It has taken on a new look.答案Behind my apartmen
33、t，there was used to be a dirty and messy corner.Bits of plastic bags on the trees.Broken bottles were left here and there.There was a car in the center.The whole corner gave an unpleasant smell.One year ago，we decided to turn it a beautiful park.Since then，great changes have bean taken place in that corner.All the rubbish been cleared away.Flowers and young trees have planted all over.Now birds come here to sing，children come here to play，and adults come here to enjoy peaceful life.It has taken on a new look.- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网