1、第十周 言简意明的非谓语动词 众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅显得句式多样，句子灵活，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句 写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的表达方式。转换时可采用“三步法”：第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：找准两个简单句的对接点，让一个句子作为主干，另一个句子用非谓语动词进行改写。第三步：判断应用何种非谓语动词，把握好时态和语态，最后连接起来。示例第一步：写出两个简单句。I
2、want to improve myself by reading some books.The books were written in the Tang Dynasty.第二步：让句作主句，用非谓语动词改写句。第三步：让句作定语，由于其动词write与主语the books之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作定语。I want to improve myself by reading some books written in the Tang Dynasty.(2017全国卷写作佳句)即时演练 用非谓语动词进行句型转换1(2016北京高考书面表达)A week before Earth
3、Day,posters were put up around our school,which called upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.(用现在分词作状语)2All the people here like the novel.It is written by Tom.(用过去分词作定语)A week before Earth Day,posters were put up around our school,calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener ea
4、rth.All the people here like the novel written by Tom.3The boy came to school late again.This made the teacher very angry.(用动名词作主语)4The boys were making the most of time.They wanted to finish the work earlier.(用不定式作目的状语)The boys coming to school late again made the teacher very angry.The boys were m
5、aking the most of time so as to finishthe work earlier.二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可，所以只需两步。示例第一步：写出复合句。Since you have realized that your time is limited,youll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.第二步：把since引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，realiz
6、e与you之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。Having realized that your time is limited,youll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.即时演练 用非谓语动词进行句型转换1(2018北京高考书面表达)We took them to the tea room in our school so that we can help them better understand our tea-drinking culture.2(2015湖北高考短文写作)Beca
7、use I thought that his solution might be wrong,I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.We took them to the tea room in our school to help thembetter understand our tea-drinking culture.Thinking that his solution might be wrong,I carefullyanalyzed the problem and
8、tried to work it out in a differentway.3(2015广东高考书面表达)If it is carried out continuously,it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress.Carried out continuously,it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress.三、非谓语动词的常用句型 1remain to be done 有待于被M
9、any questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.我们的教育工作中还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。2疑问词to doTo all of you,fresh students,how to adapt yourself to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.对你们所有新同学来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是必须要面对的首要问题。3连词when/while/once/unless/alt
10、hough.doing/doneWhen searching for some information,we can operate by touching the screen.当查找一些信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏幕来操作。4easy/difficult.to do.Some bad habits such as smoking and drinking arent easy to get rid of.像吸烟、酗酒等一些坏习惯不容易改掉。5prefer to do.rather than do./would rather do.than do./would do.rather than d
11、o.宁愿做，而不愿做Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face.如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。6having done.已经Having finished his homework,the boy was allowed to watch a TV show.做完作业后，这个小男孩得到允许看电视剧。7by doing.通过做Under the environment of fierce c
12、ompetition,the only way he could imagine to handle stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.在竞争激烈的环境下，他唯一能想到的应对压力的方式就是通过更加努力使自己变得更坚强。8only to do/to be done 结果却(被)If he continues like this,he will end up lifting a stone only to have it drop on his own foot,just as the old saying goes.如果他继续
13、这样的话，正如谚语所说，他最终会搬起石头砸了自己的脚。9judging by/from.根据判断Judging from the expression on her face,she must have news of great excitement to tell us.从她脸上的神情看，她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。10compared with/to.与比较There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who
14、have no musical training.有明显的证据表明，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。11be said/reported/considered.to do.据说/报道/认为A bus full of passengers was reported to have gone out of control on a highway south of the city.据报道，一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在市南的一条公路上失去了控制。12with宾语补足语In the picture,a boy in worn clothes sits beside a wo
15、oden table with a pile of bamboo books on it.(2015福建高考写作佳句)在画中，一个穿着破旧衣服的男孩坐在木桌旁边，桌上有一堆书简。即时演练 用非谓语动词补全句子1(2018浙江高考书面表达)我写信申请参加，我认为我很适合这项工作。Im writing to apply to join it,.2(2018天津高考书面表达)除了有规律的训练，训练日程还包括参加各种活动。The training schedule,apart from regular training,includes.thinking that Im well qualified
16、for the jobjoining in a variety of activities3(2016北京高考书面表达)在写这本书时，由于亲自品尝过一些不知名的植物，李时珍遭受了很多痛苦。,Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own.4这么多孩子又说又笑，我不能静下心工作。,I couldnt settle down to my work.While writing the bookWith so many children talking and laughing综合演练提能.用非谓语动词进行句型
17、转换1(2016全国卷书面表达)We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books.2(2017浙江高考书面表达)If time permits,we will watch a film there,which is surely about the history of Yandang Mountain.We can set out early to have more time to read and select books.Time permitting,we will watch a fi
18、lm there,which is surely about the history of Yandang Mountain.3I know my city well.I will have the responsibility to tell the passengers at the exit how to get to their destinations.4As the society develops rapidly,its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.Knowing my cit
19、y well,I will have the responsibility to tell the passengers at the exit how to get to their destinations.With the society developing rapidly,its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.5I feel quite sorry for that.I begin to think about what to do to help.6On hearing the b
20、ad news,all the people present at the meeting puzzled about what they should do.Feeling quite sorry for that,I begin to think about what to do to help.On hearing the bad news,all the people present at the meeting puzzled about what to do.请按以下内容要点写一篇英语短文，尽可能多地使用非谓语动词1在阴历1月1日庆贺中国的阴历(lunar)年，也被称作春节，是全世
21、界所有中国人的习惯。2像世界上许多其他人一样，中国人喜欢庆贺他们传统的节日和春天的到来。3在春节，大部分中国人更愿意待在家里，吃大餐、与家人聊天；其他一些人可能会去走访朋友或者度长假。4另外，人们会在新年到来之际说“新年快乐”以表达良好的祝愿。5这也是孩子们的节日，他们会打扮得漂漂亮亮地，然后和父母一块去亲戚家里，还会得到压岁钱。Observed/Celebrated on January 1 lunar month,Chinese Lunar New Years Day,also called the Spring Festival,is popular with all the Chine
22、se people all over the world.Like many other people in the world,Chinese enjoy celebrating their traditional festival and the coming of spring.At the Spring Festival,most people prefer to stay at home,having big meals and chatting with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday.Besides,people will say“Happy New Year”to express good wishes for the coming New Year.It is also a childrens festival,when they can dress up and go to their relatives homes with their parents to get lucky money.