1、形容词和副词一、概念形容词常用来修饰,描述名词或代词的特征或状态，主要作表语、定语、补语，也可以作状语。 The baby is still asleep. Laura usually wears a friendly smile. Dont make your parents disappointed. Hungry and tired, he had to stop working.副词常用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、介词短语或句子，主要作状语。He speaks very fast.Paul is careful enough.Happy days pass too soon.Luck
2、ily, she had got another chance.二、等级变化 1. (1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般词尾加-er,-esttalltallertallest以不发音的e结尾的只加-r,-stnicenicernicest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-estbigbiggerbiggest以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i，再加-er，-estbusybusierbusiest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级important/ e
3、asilymore important/ more easilymost important/ most easily(2) 不规则变化原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwell（健康的）worseworstbadill（有病的）oldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleastfar farther/furtherfarthest/furthest2. 用法（1） 原级as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 否定形式：not as/so asHe cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得
4、快。注意：as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a/an +单数名词; as + many/much+名词 This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。 I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。（2）比较级 The students study even harder than before. （标志词than） He feels better after the operation.（语境）可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, rat
5、her, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。 含比较级的固定句型（注意the在比较级中的使用）： the + 比较级 ., the + 比较级 . “越，越”The higher you stand, the further you will see. 比较级 + and + 比较级 “越来越” I believe your English will become better and better. the + 比较级 + of the two + 名词 “两个中较的” I like t
6、he bigger one of the two pandas.注意: (易错点)（1）比较级不可以重叠 less colder less cold（2）比较的对象要对等 The weather of China is more comfortable than Canada.The weather of China is more comfortable than the weather of Canada.The weather of China is more comfortable than that of Canada.补充：1）倍数表达法： times as +原级+ as tim
7、es +比较级+ than times + the +名词 +of(3) 最高级 the + 最高级 + 比较范围 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almostEg. The bridge is by far the longest across the river.注意：1）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。 It is a most important problem. 2）序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如： Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3）最高级的意义有时可
8、以用比较级表示出来。例如： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的。 Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.4）否定词语+比较级，也表示最高级含义。 I have never spent a more exciting day.Nothing is easier than this.三、辨析问题(1) -ed, 感到 -ing, 令人(2) -ly结尾的形容词 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，livel
9、y，ugly，brotherly Eg. He spoke to me in a very friendly (friend) way.(3) -ly 结尾既为形容词也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。 The Times is a weekly paper. The Times is published weekly. (4) 兼有两种形式的副词 1） close近、closely仔细地，紧密地 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2） late 晚、lately最近 You have co
10、me too late. What have you been doing lately? 3） deep深，表示空间深度、deeply深深地，表示感情上的深度He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.4） high表示空间高度、highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5） wide表示空间宽度、widely广泛地 English is widely used in
11、 the world.6） free免费、freely无限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.注意：“the+adj.”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数，如the blind，the hungry等。四 词性转换形容词变副词规则:1. 一般情况在词尾加ly; quick,polite,immediate quickly，politely，immediately2.一辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i, 再加ly; happy, easy, hu
12、ngry happily, easily, hungrily2. 以le结尾的词去e加y; simple, probable simply,probably3. 以l结尾的词加ly; careful, realcarefully,really4. 以ll结尾的词加y; fullfully5. 以ic结尾的词加ally; basic, automatic, energeticbasically,automatically, energetically6. 以ue结尾的词去e加y; truetruly I. 高考真题再现单句语法填空(形容词和副词)1.Thegirlusedtobeshy,buti
13、s_(gradual)gettingactiveingroupworkandismore willingtoexpressherself.2.Basketball coaches waste no time in searching for_ (promise) young players for better performances in the coming season.3. For most chefs,there is no _(big) honor than having your restaurant awarded a Michelin star,let along thre
14、e.4.Littlechildrenask_(end)questionsbecausetheyarecuriousabouteverything.5.Seeingthecoachnodding_(encouraging)toher,thelittledancerwasnomore nervousandwentonwithherperformance.6.TheChineseare_(annoy)thismorningasPresidentTrumphasindicatedheislookingatimposing_(addition)tariffs(关税）onChinesegoods.7. B
15、esides being helpful to smart-phone users,the app has emerged as a _(hand) tool to solve the last-mile delivery challenge for e-commerce companies.8. In times of economic crisis, though they have confidence in their investments, many investors are more _ ( caution)about their investment strategies.
16、9. Face to-face conversations are _(benefit) to the promotion of understanding, which is why communication matters.10.Thosewhoare_(deliberate)latetocreateimpressioncannotbeforgiven.11. Chinese people are becoming _(rich) and more international.12. Della failed her interview and was_(consequent) unab
17、le to work in that company.13. The Story of My Life by Helen Keller is _(influential)book in my life.14. Manypeopleequalhappinesswithwealthandsuccess.Sotheychase them without noticing that the peoplewhohavethosethingsarent_(necessary)happier.II.单句改错（形容词和副词）1. The island is equal attractive in spring
18、 and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. 2. Tiring and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. 3. If we leave right away ,hopeful well arrive on time.4. Ales and Andy performed skillful and they won the first prize.5. Im sure that your letter
19、will get immediately attention. They know youre waiting for the reply.6. Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be access to the kids.7. Im not surprising that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a vivid imagination.8. John is very reliably-if he promises to do somet
20、hing, hell do it. 9. Computers and mobile phones ,though they are indeed making our life easily and more efficient, have reduced the need for face-to-face communication.10.This is by far the more inspiring movie that I have ever seen.11. Physics is my most favourite subject.12. The harder you work,t
21、he lucky you will be.13. The Forbidden City attracts a constantly stream of visitors every day , especially during national holidays.14. I write to my mother every week , most on Sundays.15.I have seldom seen my father as pleasing as he is today.III.短文语法填空（形容词和副词）Attention,ladiesandgentlemen!Because
22、ofthe(1)_(worse)weather.thegamehasbeencanceled.Pleasestartmakingyourwaytowardstheexits.Bevery(2)_(careful),becausethestairsmaybe(3)_(slip)fromtherain.Ifyouhavesmallchildren,besuretheyaresafeanddontget(4)_(lose)inthecrowd.Workerswillbestandingatallexitstohelp(5)_needshelp.Sincethereisalotoflightening
23、fromthestorm, itissuggestedthat youshouldkeepawayfrommetalthingsasmuchas(6)_(possibility),oryoumightget hurt.Dontbe afraid,butmoveoutofthestadiuminan (7)_(order)manner.Parking assistantswillhelpdirecttraffic.Pleasebe(8)_(patience),asgettingoutoftheparkinglotwilltakesometimeandeveryonewillhavetodrive
24、(9)_(slow)inthisweather.Asforthegame,itwillberescheduledfortomorroweveningatthesametime,dependingontheweather.Pleasecheckouronlinesportschannelforthe(10)_(late)news.Thankyouforcomingoutinthisweather,andwearesorrythatthegamecouldnotbeplayed.I单句语法填空(形容词和副词)答案：1. gradually 2. promising 3. bigger 4. end
25、less 5. encouragingly 6. annoyed 7. handy 8. cautious 9. beneficial 10. deliberately 11. richer 12. consequently 13. the most influential 14. necessarily II.单句改错（形容词和副词）答案: 1. equally 2. tired 3. hopefully 4. skillfully 5. immediate 6. accessible 7. surprised 8. reliable 9. easier 10. most 11. (most)去掉 12. luckier 13. constant 14. mostly 15. pleased III.短文语法填空（形容词和副词）答案： 1. bad 2. careful 3. slippery 4. lost 5. whoever 6. possible 7. orderly 8. patient 9. slowly 10. latest