1、小综合训练10P140.阅读理解(2019辽宁五校联考)Airbags, now found in almost every vehicle, have saved countless lives and largely reduced the seriousness of injuries in crashes. Similar technology could greatly reduce broken hips (髋部) resulting from a fall, something most seniors fear.Dr. Robert Buckman and his startu
2、p company, ActiveProtective in Allentown, Pennsylvania, has developed a promising solution, a wearable airbag that can protect hip bones in the event of a fall. The idea was the result of Dr. Buckmans years as a doctor at Temple University. He noticed how many elderly people were being brought into
3、hospitals with broken hips due to falls, and how they often never completely recovered from the injuries. He started to ask what he could do for these people, and that was when he started trying to figure out whether there was a way of helping people who were at the highest risk of falling and suffe
4、ring these kinds of injuries.The device is worn much like a regular belt, but on the outside of the clothing, it includes sensors that monitor the movement of hips. If the device detects that the person is falling, an airbag opens before the person hits the ground, cushioning the fall. When the wear
5、er hits the ground, the bag reduces the force to the hip bones by 90 percent, enough to avoid the majority of hip injuries.With one out of every three people aged 65 and older suffering serious falls each year, ActiveProtective has a big market for its wearable device. It also has the potential to s
6、izably reduce hiprelated health care expenses: Hip injuries among the elderly cost the US health care system in 2012 $30 billion, which doesnt include the longterm care expenses associated with the high percentage of patients that can no longer live independently.【语篇解读】本文介绍了可穿戴安全气囊的发明缘由、工作原理以及可能带来的影
7、响。1What is the purpose of the ActiveProtectives airbag?ATo avoid hip injuries among seniors.BTo protect seniors from car accidents.CTo help seniors with their daily nursing.DTo help doctors deal with serious injuries.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Similar technology could greatly reduce broken hips(髋部)resulting fr
8、om a fall, something most seniors fear.”和第二段中的“a wearable airbag that can protect hip bones in the event of a fall”可知，the ActiveProtectives airbag的目的是避免老年人髋部受伤。故选A。答案A2What inspired Dr. Robert Buckman to make the device?AA report on seniors health.BA serious fall he experienced.CHis work experiences
9、 as a doctor.DSuggestions of seniors at Temple University.解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He noticed how many elderly people were being brought into hospitals with broken hips due to falls, and how they often never completely recovered from the injuries. He started to ask what he could do for these people, and that
10、 was when he started trying to figure out whether there was a way of helping people who were at the highest risk of falling and suffering these kinds of injuries.”可知，当医生时的所见促使Dr.Robert Buckman制造这个装置。故选C。答案C3How does the device mainly work?ABy reducing the effects of falling.BBy speeding up bone reco
11、very.CBy predicting road conditions.DBy preventing people from failing.解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这个装置在人将要摔倒在地的那一刻，安全气囊自动打开，以减弱身体撞击地面的强度；当穿戴者撞击地面时，安全气囊将髋骨受的冲击力降低了90%，这足以避免大部分的髋部受伤。故选A。答案A4What does the author think of the ActiveProtectives airbag?AIt still needs improving.BIt has a promising future.CIt may
12、 encourage seniors to do exercise.DIt may increase Americas expenses on seniors.解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“ActiveProtective has a big market for its wearable device. It also has the potential to sizably reduce hiprelated health care expenses”可推知，这个装置前景很好，故选B项。答案B.七选五(2019广州五校联考)We all have to make decisions a
13、ll the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. _1_ If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you.Dont expect to have it all. _2_ You cant order every
14、 delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain._3_ Its often good to think through your decisions. But dont overdo it. Research can reac
15、h a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data.Dont delay making decisions. Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more infor
16、mation. _4_ Or its likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just dont wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.Dont be hard on yourself. You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didnt expect a bug tha
17、t ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. _5_ But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.ADont spend too much time thinking.BIt is an important source of information.CDont count on emotion to make decisions.DMaybe you wish to consult with your adviser.EYou may reg
18、ret making such a stupid decision.FDecisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.GThat means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议，包括不求全责备，不要费时思虑太多，不要延误做决定和不要苛求自己。1G根据空处所在的位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句“Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make
19、decisions.”可知，不幸的是，人们经常发现很难做决定。可以推断，做决定的技能很重要，故G项正确。空处下文中的“your skill of decision making”也是提示。2F根据该段小标题“Dont expect to have it all.”可知，该段主要论述“不要求全责备”。结合空后的“You cant order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few.”可知，做决定迫使我们关上了一扇其他可能的大门，故F
20、项正确。3A根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题。结合本段第一、二句“Its often good to think through your decisions.But dont overdo it.”可知，该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多。”这一观点，故A项正确。4D根据空前的“there is a time to put off making a decision”可知，空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因，故D项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问。”符合语境。5E根据该段小标题“Dont be hard on yourself.”可知，不要太苛求自己。结合空后一句“But ple
21、ase remember it is unavoidable sometimes.”可知，你要记住这是不可避免的事情，据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会对你愚蠢的决定后悔”，故E项正确。.完形填空(2019南昌段考)My grandfather gave me the world when he gave me his love. He would have done anything for me, and he was always _1_ to busy himself with some project meant for my _2_.Summer months meant that
22、I could have more fun on my grandfathers farm away from the _3_ of city life. Only a twentyminute drive from our home, my mother often made the _4_ with me into the company of my _5_.On one visit that was meant to be short, I enjoyed my childish happiness by _6_ snacks and drinks outside my grandpar
23、ents house, where other children _7_ to visit friends and family. I was _8_ counting the little change though it was far from the aim of my _9_.My enthusiasm was disappearing, however, when my mother approached to remind me of an appointment I knew I would not be _10_ to miss. “But who will sit at m
24、y lemonade stand？” I asked Mum, unwilling to _11_.“I guess you will have to pack it away until another day，”she replied with _12_. Mournfully (悲哀的), I began to obey, _13_ packing up my lemonade stand.From the _14_， where I could see through window, Grandpa came stepping across the grass. He _15_ tou
25、ched my check with a rough finger, put my lemonade stand back, seated himself in the chair and _16_ a newspaper. “It is a _17_ day for lemonade，” he said. “Hurry back, and we will share some.”When we _18_ later that day, Grandpa was still at my post. The small box where I had begun to place my _19_
26、has no more change than it could be accounted for even if _20_ village showed up for a drink.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”最喜欢到祖父的农场过暑假，远离城市生活的无聊，享受农场生活。在祖父家的外面，“我”可以向过往的孩子们销售零食和饮料，虽然没有挣多少钱，但这样的生活让“我”流连忘返1A.kind BwillingCrelaxed Dprivileged解析结合该句中的“He would have done anything for me”可知，“我”的祖父总是愿意为“我”的快乐(happine
27、ss)做任何事。be willing to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“乐意做某事”，故B项正确。kind“友善的”；relaxed“放松的”；privileged“有特权的”。答案B2A.birthday BloveCworld Dhappiness解析参见上题解析。答案D3A.boredom BdiversityCamusement Dlaziness解析夏季意味着“我”可以在“我”祖父的农场里享受更多的乐趣，远离城市生活的无聊(boredom)。diversity意为“差异，多样性”；amusement“娱乐”；laziness“懒惰”。答案A4A.trip BdrinkCfood
28、Dplan解析祖父家离“我”家只有二十分钟的车程，“我”的母亲经常和“我”同行(trip)。drink“饮料”；food“食物”；plan“计划”。答案A5A.grandfather BfatherCfriend Dfamily解析根据上文提到的祖父的农场离“我”家只有二十分钟的车程可知，“我”的母亲经常和“我”一起去陪伴祖父。故选A。答案A6A.collecting BmakingCenjoying Dselling解析结合下文中的“counting the little change”可知，有一次在祖父家短暂的逗留中，“我”喜欢上了在祖父家的外面向孩子们出售(sell)零食和饮料。coll
29、ect“收集”；make“制造”；enjoy“享受”。答案D7A.passed BforgotCdecided Dran解析在祖父家的外面，“我”向经过(pass)这里拜访朋友和亲属的孩子们出售零食和饮料。forget“忘记”；decide“决定”；run“奔跑”。答案A8A.hopelessly BcarelesslyCexcitedly Dcautiously解析“我”兴奋地(excitedly)数着这些零钱，尽管它们离“我”努力(effort)的目标还很远。hopelessly“无望地”；carelessly“粗心地”；cautiously“谨慎地”。答案C9A.life Beffort
30、Cwork Dreality解析参见上题解析。life“生活”；work“工作”，reality“事实”。答案B10A.advised BmadeCprepared Dpermitted解析然而，当“我”母亲走近并提醒“我”一个“我”知道不允许(permit)错过的约会时，“我”知道“我”要离开这里，所以“我”的热情逐渐消失。advise“建议”； make“制造”；prepare“准备”。答案D11A.answer BpackCleave Ddisappear解析根据上文中的“I enjoyed my childish happiness by _6_ snacks and drinks o
31、utside my grandparents house”可知，“我”不愿意离开(leave)这里。answer“回答”；pack“收拾”；disappear“消失”。答案C12A.regret BembarrassmentCamusement Danger解析根据上文内容可知，“我”要赴一个不允许错过的约会，但“我”不愿离开，再结合该句中的“I guess you will have to pack it away until another day”可推知，母亲应是感到遗憾的。故A项符合语境。embarrassment“尴尬”；amusement“快乐”；anger“愤怒”。答案A13A.
32、gratefully BdelightedlyCslowly Dhurriedly解析根据上文提到的unwilling可知，作者不情愿离开，因此慢慢地(slowly)收拾“我”的柠檬汽水摊位。gratefully“感激地”；delightedly“高兴地”；hurriedly“匆忙地”。答案C14A.farm BstoreChouse Dcar解析根据该句中的“where I could see through window”可推知，该处指“我”在一间房子(house)里。farm“农场”；store“商店”；car“汽车”。答案C15A.suddenly BgentlyCsecretly D
33、accidentally解析祖父用他那粗糙的手指轻柔地(gently)抚摸着“我”的账单，将“我”的柠檬汽水摊位摆了回去。suddenly“突然地”；secretly“秘密地”；accidentally“偶然地”。答案B16A.bought BunfoldedCput aside Dhanded over解析祖父坐在椅子上，打开(unfold)一份报纸。buy“购买”；put aside“把暂放一边”；hand over“移交”。答案B17A.busy BquietCshort Dnice解析根据第三段可知，“我”在祖父家的外面向孩子们出售零食和饮料，非常开心。由此可推断，祖父知道“我”不想收
34、起摊位就安慰“我”说今天是卖柠檬汽水的好(nice)日子。busy“忙碌的”；quiet“安静的”；short“短暂的”。答案D18A.talked BdiscussedCreturned Darrived解析根据上文中的“Hurry back”和下文的“still at my post”可知，当我们那天晚些时候回去(return)时，祖父仍然在“我”的摊位边。talk“交谈”；discuss“讨论”；arrive“到达”。答案C19A.goods BearningsCsnacks Dclothes解析根据第三段尾句可知，虽然离“我”努力的目标还很远，但是“我”还是兴奋地数着零钱。由此可推断，“我”是将“我”的收入(earnings)放在一个小盒子里的。goods“商品”；snacks“零食”；clothes“衣服”。答案B20A.former BsmallCfamiliar Dentire解析即使整个(entire)村子的人都来喝一杯，“我”也没能赚到很多零钱。former“以前的”；small“小的”；familiar“熟悉的”。答案D