1、课后限时作业(四)限时/40分钟.单句语法填空(建议用时：7分钟)1The story he told the police differed greatly _from_ the one he told his mother.2He finally became a rock superstarhis long and hard training paid _off_.3My brother undertook _to help_(help) me out when I got into trouble.4She always differs _with_ me about when and
2、 where to spend the holiday.5To my disappointment, the question is hard _to answer_(answer)6My parents are always _in_ favour of me whenever I make a decision.7Having been told _exactly_(exact) where he lived, I had no difficulty in finding Peters address.8You mustnt take photos inside the museum; i
3、t _is forbidden_(forbid)9Li Hua insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly objected to _being called_(call) a hero.解析句意：李华坚持说他只是做了每个人都会做的事，并坚决反对被称作英雄。object to中的to为介词，其后接动词，应用动名词形式；且Li Hua与call构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。10Honey, look at your mistake in spelling this word, or you
4、_could have obtained_(obtain) full marks in this exam.解析句意：亲爱的，看看你的单词拼写错误，否则你就可以在这次考试中得满分了。根据or可知，此处应用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的情况，could have done表示过去本可以做而实际上没有做。.阅读理解(建议用时：14分钟)AThe Most Scenic Drives in AmericaUpdated and translated into several languages for the first time since 1997, this travel book inclu
5、des over 200 brand new photographs of the wonderful places along 120 selected routes. The updated volume also provides maps, the latest information on state parks, and lodging(住宿) suggestions.Cover Price：$47.88Price：$23.88You Save: $24 (50%)Our Brothers KeeperAuthor Jedwin Smith spent 30 years tryin
6、g to get out of all memories of his brother, Jeff, who was killed in Vietnam. But in Our Brothers Keeper he tells what happened when he met several of his brothers old marine friends. Smith gets to know these menall hurt by the past they share. Together the author and his new friends made a journey
7、to Vietnam, to visit the place where Jeff died. Surprisingly, their Vietnamese guide was the former commander of the Viet Cong platoon carrying out the attack that killed Jeff. A powerful story of brotherhood, bravery and understandingCover Price: $59.40Price: $10.00You Save: $49.40 (83%)I Am a Penc
8、ilChildrens book author Sam Swope took a job teaching writing to third graders in New York City. His students were immigrants or the children of immigrants from 21 countries, speaking 11 languages, having many different beliefs. But there were a few things they had in common: family troubles, for on
9、e, money struggles, and poetry. Every single student, with the help of this creative teacher, made great progress in writing. Swope leaves the reader with the encouraging faith that deep within each of us lives a poet, a geniusa child.Cover Price：$59.88Price: $19.95You Save: $39.93 (67%)What It Take
10、s to Help Me OutAn editor for US News & World Report, David LMarcus takes us inside a boarding school for troubled teens. The great stresses are put on these teens, which makes them lose their nature. This should cause us a truthful thinking.Cover Price: $35.86Price: $15.00You Save：$20.86 (58%)语篇导读本
11、文为应用文，是一则关于四本书的广告，介绍了这四本书的内容、价格及折扣。1Who can give you some advice on how to educate immigrant students with troubles?AJedwin Smith.BDavid L. Marcus.CJeff.DSam Swope.解析D细节理解题。根据I Am a Pencil部分中的第一、二句可知，这本书可以为有困难的移民学生提供教育建议且这本书的作者是Sam Swope，故选D项。 2Which of the following books offers the biggest price c
12、ut?AThe Most Scenic Drives in America.BOur Brothers Keeper.CI Am a Pencil.DWhat It Takes to Help Me Out.解析B细节理解题。根据各书籍介绍中的You Save可知，Our Brothers Keeper折扣最多，故选B项。3Where is the passage probably taken from?AA textbook.BA science report.CA travel journal.DAn advertisement.解析D文章出处题。本文主要介绍了四本书的内容、价格及折扣，因
13、此很可能出自一则广告，而不是教材、科学报道或旅游期刊，故选D项。BSupermarket shelves are filled with plantbased alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nuts, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environme
14、ntal sustainability. While the dairyfree(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milkbased products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out h
15、ow to create animalfree milk in a laboratory!Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows milkfree alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental
16、and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed(起源于) from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred(鼓励) into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairyfree cream cheese on his sandwich.The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to
17、 join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairybased products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA and then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the proc
18、ess involved mixing the proteins with some plant nutrients and fats.The dairyfree milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, the most important of all, is earthfriendly. According to the companys website, when compared to conventional milk production
19、, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84% less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cowproducing version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to deal with soggy
20、(受潮的) cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas.The company plans to bring their creation to the market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese since there are already numerous good cows milk alternatives available to consumers.语篇导读本文为说明文。麻省理工学院生物医学工程科学家创立的公司取得了技术突破，成功研制了非动物乳制
21、品的产品，并计划生产第一代产品。4What does the underlined word “those” in Paragraph 1 refer to?AAlternatives.BPeople.CProducts.DReasons.解析B代词指代题。根据第一段第二句可知，这些产品受到那些因为健康原因而不能喝牛奶的消费者和那些关注动物福利和环境可持续性的消费者的欢迎；据此可知，该句中的those指代上文中的消费者，故选B项。5Why was Ryan Pandya motivated to make the new product?ABecause of his deep concern
22、 for the environment.BBecause of his worry that farm animals were poorly treated.CBecause of the overconsumption of the dairybased products.DBecause of the poor taste of dairyfree cheese presently available.解析D细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，Pandya在吃了三明治上“非常糟糕”的非乳制奶酪后便开始采取行动。据此可知，Pandya受到了现有的口感差的非乳制奶酪的激发，开始生产这种新产品
23、，故选D项。6What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?AThe dairyfree milk cannot be stored for a long time.BThe new products will taste better than dairybased ones.CCow farming causes considerable environmental damage.DThe dairyfree milk will be more expensive than cows milk.解析C推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知，根据该公司网站，与传统的牛
24、奶生产相比，非乳制牛奶的生产过程降低了65%的能源消耗，减少了84%的温室气体排放和91%的土地以及98%的水的使用；据此可以判断，传统的牛奶生产对环境造成了一定的影响，故选C项。误解分析：根据第四段第一句可知，该牛奶保质期长，故A项与文义相反；B、D项在第四段中没有被提及。7Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?AHealthier CheeseBNew Milk Saves PlanetCFresher Milk, Better FutureDMaking Milk Without Cows解析D标题归纳题
25、。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了加利福尼亚的一家公司成功研制了非动物乳制品的产品，填补了技术空白，并将于今年晚些时候生产第一代产品；据此可知，D项最适合做本文的标题，故选D项。.七选五(建议用时：8分钟)Food. Water. Air. Shelter. All living things have these basic needs.On Earth, we know where to find them. In space, these items usually have to be carried from Earth. So it would be impossible to car
26、ry so many supplies from Earth. _1_Cleaning and recycling the air is a big concern for NASA scientists as we plan for longer trips in space. In space and on Earth, human beings breathe out carbon dioxide (CO2). So air inside the spacecraft must be “cleaned” to remove extra carbon dioxide in order to
27、 make it safe for the astronauts. Some of the extra carbon dioxide is released into outer space. _2_ Backup systems are in place to ensure that extra carbon dioxide isnt trapped in an astronauts living space.Currently, each astronaut aboard the International Space Station uses about 3 gallons of wat
28、er daily. An astronaut on an extended stay on the ISS could use up to 10.6 tons of water per year. _3_Currently, all food astronauts need during their mission is carried into space. To avoid carrying such large amounts of food, scientists are working on ways to grow or “create” that food. _4_ They m
29、ay also help recycle carbon dioxide into oxygen.A human beings basic needs will not change whether he lives on Earth or travels to Mars. _5_ NASA scientists are working to find new ways to supply all that well need for longduration space flights.APlants may be a food source.BHow do astronauts find w
30、ater in space?CWater will have to be recycled in space.DRecycling is one solution to this problem.EThey must find ways to settle the problem.FWhat will change is how we meet these needs.GOxygen may be removed and used from some of the carbon dioxide.语篇导读本文为说明文。食物、空气、水、居所是我们生存的必需品，在地球上随处可见，但是宇航员无法带那么
31、多的物品到太空，他们是如何解决这一问题的呢？1解析D总分关系。上文谈到“宇航员无法带那么多的物品到太空”，根据下文中的cleaning and recycling可知，D项(回收利用就是解决这个问题的一种方法)符合语境，故选D项。2解析G顺承关系。上文提到二氧化碳，下文也提到二氧化碳，G项(一些二氧化碳中的氧气可以被提取出来使用)和上下文语境一致，故选G项。3解析C顺承关系。本段谈论的是宇航员使用的水，水也需要回收利用，故选C项。4解析A例证关系。上文提到科学家研究解决太空的食物问题，根据grow和下文中的They may also help recycle carbon dioxide in
32、to oxygen可知，A项符合语境，故选A项。5解析F递进关系。上文提到“人的基本需求不会改变他是住在地球还是去火星”，F项中的what will change与空前一句中的will not change相呼应，且语义相连，故选F项。.语法填空(建议用时：8分钟)Our eyes see because light enters each eye, and the eye then creates a message and has it 1._(send) to the brain.The eyeball 2._(it) doesnt actually “see”the brain see
33、s. The eyeballs just take pictures, like two little 3._(camera). To see properly, each eyeball needs to send the light that enters it onto 4._ exact spot inside the eyeball, called the retina(视网膜)Many people see just fine without wearing glasses. This is because their eyeballs are focusing light 5._
34、 (exact) onto the retina. However, some people have eyeballs that are too long. They 6._ (call) “shortsighted” people. For these people, things far away, like street signs, can look blurry(模糊的). For “farsighted” people, their eyeballs are too short. Things close 7._ them, like a book or a mobile pho
35、ne, can look blurry.Both shortsighted and farsighted people need glasses 8._ (help) them see clearly. They work by helping the eyeball to focus light onto the correct place, the retina.Scientists hope to find out 9._ peoples eyeballs become too long or too short so that they can stop people 10._(nee
36、d) to wear glasses in the first place. Then people will never lose or forget their glasses ever again!语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了眼镜的工作原理。1sent解析考查非谓语动词。此处是“have宾语宾补”结构，it(指代a message)与send之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。2itself解析考查代词。句意：眼球本身并没有真正“看到”是大脑看到了。根据语境可知，此处应填it的反身代词指代眼球本身。3cameras解析考查名词的数。空前有two修饰，故此处需用其复数形式。4an解析考查冠词
37、。句意：每个眼球需要将进入眼球的光线传送到眼球内的一个确切的位置，即视网膜。此处表泛指，且exact以元音音素开头，故填an。5exactly解析考查词性转换。空处在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词，故用副词形式。6are called解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语they与call为动宾关系，应用被动语态；这里说的是一般性情况，应用一般现在时；主语为they，谓语应用复数，故填are called。7to解析考查介词。close to与接近，为固定搭配。8to help解析考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。9why解析考查引导词。空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作原因状语，故用why。10needing解析考查非谓语动词。stop sb (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事，为固定搭配。