1、专题跟踪检测13介绍说明类(二)(限时15分钟)(见专题跟踪检测P133)Test 1 (2019湖南三湘名校教育联盟联考)Many people feel out of place when dining simply because they dont know how to follow table manners, especially if they have been invited to a nice place.Admittedly, it is difficult to learn every point of etiquette(礼仪) at a glance, but h
2、ere are a few general pointers._1_Observe your host.Follow their lead._2_ If you are the host, dont panic.Ensure you read up on etiquette before taking on the role of hosting and operate within the rules so that you are easy to follow.Wait for the host to invite you to the table.She may assign you t
3、o a seat.Stand behind the chair as the other guests get seated._3_ After you sit, pull your chair in to the table, without dragging it over the floor with a horrible noise.Be polite.Consider every action before you do it._4_You must consciously stop from embarrassing yourself and your host.Take smal
4、l bites; do not talk with food in your mouth; and do not place elbows on the table.How to pass items.When someone says, “Please pass the(what you would like passed to you)，” reach for it only if you are the closest one to it.Take the item and place it next to your neighbor._5_ Dont help yourself alo
5、ng the way, before the person who asked for it gets the chance.Wait politely until they have served themselves.Then ask for the bowl to be passed back to you.AWhen the host sits, take your seat.BWait for your host to finish the meal first.CIf you have the slightest doubt, dont do it!DRemember, good
6、manners never go out of style.EContinue passing in this manner until it reaches others.FBecause the host generally is the leader at a dinner party or meal.GIts important to say traditional phrases of thanks before and after a meal.语篇类型：说明文主题语境：文化习俗 语篇导读：本文介绍了一些常用的餐桌礼仪。1解析 D顺承关系。该段介绍了好的餐桌礼仪必不可少，D项(记住
7、，好的礼仪永远不会过时)符合语境，故选D项。2解析 F因果关系。根据该段小标题和空前一句可知，空处讲领导者和主人的关系，F项(一般来说，主人是宴会的领导者)符合语境，故选F项。3解析 A顺承关系。根据空处上下文可知，A项(当主人坐下时，你也就坐)符合语境，故选A项。4解析 C顺承关系。根据空前一句(在做事情之前，要深思熟虑)和空后一句(你必须有意识地不要让自己和主人尴尬)可知，C项(如果有丝毫疑惑，就不要做)符合语境，故选C项。5解析 E顺承关系。根据空处上下文可知，E项也是讲如何传东西，故选E项。Test 2(2019成都诊断性检测)Twentyfive years of experienc
8、e in the field have convinced me that many people who consider themselves to be highly intelligent are not necessarily good thinkers. _1_ There are many aspects of this trap but I shall mention just two.A highly intelligent person can take a view on a subject and then use his or her intelligence to
9、defend that view. _2_ When a person has a better defence of the view, he or she is less likely to seek out alternatives or listen to anyone else. _3_ As a result, many highly intelligent minds are trapped in poor ideas because they can defend them so well.A second aspect of the intelligence trap is
10、that a person, who has grown up with the notion that he or she is more intelligent than those around, wants to get the most satisfaction from that intelligence. _4_ Such a strategy gives you an immediate result and also establishes your superiority. Being constructive is much less rewarding. It may
11、take years to show that a new idea works. _5_ So it is obvious that being critical and destructive is a much more appealing use of intelligence. This is made even worse by the absurd Western notion that critical thinking is enough.AThey get caught in the intelligence trap.BBut why are intelligent pe
12、ople not good thinkers?CIntelligent people always enjoy arguing with others.DYou also have to depend on the listener liking your idea.EA person with higher intelligence always defends ones view better.FThe quickest and most reliable way is to prove someone else wrong.GIf you know that you are right,
13、 why should you do either of those things?语篇类型：说明文主题语境：社会交往语篇导读：本文介绍了两个常见的高智商误区。1解析 A顺承关系。根据与上文中的highly intelligent和空后一句中的trap呼应可推知，A项(自以为高智商的人会陷入智商误区)符合语境， 故选A项。2解析 E顺承关系。根据空前一句可知， 高智商的人会更好地维护自己的观点，故选E项。3解析 G诠释关系。根据空前一句可知， 当一个人能更好地维护自己的观点时，就不会去找其他方法或去聆听别人，G项符合语境，故选G项。4解析 F顺承关系。根据空后一句可推知， 这种策略立竿见影， 与F项中的The quickest and most reliable way呼应，故选F项。5解析 D顺承关系。根据空后的So可推知， 空处与空前一句为顺承关系， 继续说明建设性观点的劣势所在， 故选D项。